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Resumen
Gracias a la existencia de potentes teorías de análisis y síntesis, asf corno a su directa representabilidad gràfica, las redes de Petri constituyen uno de los formalismos más aceptados en las aplicaciones de ingeniería en las que convienen modelos (de eventos) discretos. No obstante, a veces surgen problemas de decidibilidad o, en sistemas con grandes poblaciones, de enorme complejidad computacional. En este trabajo se presenta la urdimbre y algunos flecos de la teoría desarrollada para una relajación fluida o continua de los modelos discretos y dinámicos. Con ella se puede abordar eficientemente el estudio de sistemas de otra forma no abordables, al tiempo que se establecen algunos puentes a conceptos y resultados del análisis y síntesis de prestaciones, o de la observación y control de sistemas denominados continuos, aunque las clases de modelos que se obtienen son técnicamente, a veces también conceptualmente, híbridos. Obviamente, el precio que se paga por toda relajación es una pérdida de fidelidad en los modelos. En este sentido se ha de tener en cuenta que, aunque insólito en aplicaciones de ingeniería, los modelos discretos pueden ser no continuizables, del mismo modo que no todo sistema continuo no-lineal se puede aproximar satisfactoriamente por uno lineal (piénsese, por ejemplo, en sistemas caóticos).
Palabras clave:
Red de Petri
ciclo de vida
relajación matemática
teoría estructural
análisis cualitativo
análisis cuantitativo
optimización paramétrica
observación y control dinámico
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Los desarrollos presentados se han beneficiado en gran parte de los proyectos CICYT y FEDER DPI2003-06376 y DPI2006-15390, así como de la subvención del Gobierno de Aragón al GISED como Grupo de Excelencia en Investigación (2003–2007).
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