Conservation status of rodents of the families Geomyidae and Heteromyidae of Mexico

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Sin vegetación (SV), sucesión temprana (ST), sucesión media (SM) y sucesión avanzada (SA). Plantas establecidas en septiembre de 2009, mediciones realizadas a partir junio 2010 y hasta marzo 2011 (270 días)." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Carlos Yam-Chin, Patricia Montañez-Escalante, Rocío Ruenes-Morales" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Carlos" "apellidos" => "Yam-Chin" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Patricia" "apellidos" => "Montañez-Escalante" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Rocío" "apellidos" => "Ruenes-Morales" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1870345314707845?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/18703453/0000008500000002/v1_201501071639/S1870345314707845/v1_201501071639/es/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S1870345314707821" "issn" => "18703453" "doi" => "10.7550/rmb.39066" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2014-06-01" "aid" => "70782" "copyright" => "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" "documento" => "article" "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad. 2014;85:565-75" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1095 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 29 "HTML" => 687 "PDF" => 379 ] ] "en" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Genetic diversity and conservation of Mammillaria huitzilopochtli and M. supertexta, two threatened species endemic of the semiarid region of central Mexico" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "565" "paginaFinal" => "575" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Diversidad genética y conservación de Mammillaria huitzilopochtli y M. supertexta, dos especies amenazadas endémicas de la región semiárida del centro de México" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 763 "Ancho" => 2009 "Tamanyo" => 61408 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "The phenetic tree based on pairwise distances between populations in a), M. huitzilopochtli and b), M. supertexta." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Sofía Solórzano, Patricia Diana Cuevas-Alducin, Verónica García-Gómez, Patricia Dávila" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Sofía" "apellidos" => "Solórzano" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Patricia Diana" "apellidos" => "Cuevas-Alducin" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Verónica" "apellidos" => "García-Gómez" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Patricia" "apellidos" => "Dávila" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1870345314707821?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/18703453/0000008500000002/v1_201501071639/S1870345314707821/v1_201501071639/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:19 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Conservation status of rodents of the families Geomyidae and Heteromyidae of Mexico" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "576" "paginaFinal" => "588" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "autoresLista" => "Jesús A. Fernández, Mark S. Hafner, David J. Hafner, Fernando A. Cervantes" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Jesús A." "apellidos" => "Fernández" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "afernandezf@uach.mx" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "1" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Mark S." "apellidos" => "Hafner" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "2" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "David J." "apellidos" => "Hafner" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "3" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Fernando A." "apellidos" => "Cervantes" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "4" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Zootécnia y Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua. Periférico Francisco R. Almada, Km. 1, 31453 Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico." "etiqueta" => "1" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Biological Sciences and Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University. 119 Foster Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA." "etiqueta" => "2" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico. Ceria Building, MSC 3 2020, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA." "etiqueta" => "3" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Apartado postal 70–153, 04510 México, D. F., Mexico." "etiqueta" => "4" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Estado de conservación de los roedores de las familias Geomyidae y Heteromyidae de México" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 903 "Ancho" => 973 "Tamanyo" => 76975 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "The distribution of the Family Geomyidae across the continent, based on distribution maps prepared by IUCN (IUCN, 2012)." ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "IntroductionRodentia is the most species-rich order in the class Mammalia. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">Carleton and Musser (2005)</a> listed 2 277 species of rodents, representing more than 42% of the mammal species of the world. Each year the list of rodent species grows as new species are described and taxonomic revisions supported by new evidence, much of it molecular, are published. Based on the list reported by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245">Ramírez-Pulido et al. (2008)</a>, 240 (48. 5%) of the 495 species of Mexican terrestrial mammals are rodents, and 169 (34.1%) are endemics. Despite the high diversity of rodents in México, there is a surprising deficit in the number of experts on Mexican rodents, especially those focused on neotropical and tropical rodent faunas (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Amori and Gippoliti, 2003</a>), as well as experts focused on Nearctic desert rodents and rodents such as pocket gophers (Geomyidae).Rodents are an essential part of most natural communities because they often constitute the most<a name="p577"></a> important food item of carnivores in food chains. Many rodent species in México are directly important to humans as well because they serve as a food source, potential vector of diseases, or cause economic impact by direct or indirect damage to crops and croplands. Yet despite the ecological and economic importance of rodents in México, basic aspects of rodent biology are still poorly understood, including their life histories, ecological roles in the community, present demographic status of populations, and phylogenetic relationships. This lack of basic knowledge of rodent biology leaves rodent faunas vulnerable to extirpation, even extinction (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180">Lidicker, 2007</a>). Because of the usual negative perception by most people about rodents, it has been difficult to convince the public of the importance of rodent conservation. As a result, more than half of mammalian extinctions worldwide before 1999 were rodents (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185">MacPhee and Flemming, 1999</a>). In the last 20 years, only 2 initiatives (both efforts of the World Conservation Union, IUCN) have called attention to rodent species at risk of extinction in an effort to establish conservation programs worldwide (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175">Lidicker, 1989</a>) and in North America (north of México; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al., 1998</a>).Although México is among the top 3 countries in the world in terms of mammalian species diversity (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215">Myers et al., 2000</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050">Ceballos et al., 2002</a>), Mexican rodents were not included in the 2 published surveys of rodent species of conservation concern (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175">Lidicker, 1989</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al., 1998</a>): no information was available for the first (worldwide) survey, and México was not included within the geographic scope of the latter survey. The current IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN, 2012</a>), evaluated only at the species level, includes 81 rodent species of México. Fully 60 of these species are in the family Cricetidae, with 4 other families represented: Heteromyidae (8 species), Geomyidae (5), Sciuridae (7), and Dasyproctidae (1). Of the 81 total species, 17 are restricted to islands; several of these currently are considered subspecies of more widely distributed species. By focusing at the species level, the list is biased by uneven taxonomic application. When the IUCN evaluates Mexican rodents at the subspecies level, as done by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al. (1998)</a> for North America (north of México), many restricted island forms will most likely be added to this growing list of endangered taxa. For example, 23 additional island-restricted heteromyid subspecies currently are included in the list of species at risk by the Mexican Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat, 2010</a>). Clearly, the rodents of México need more attention from conservation-oriented scientists.The natural history of certain rodent species makes them more prone to extinction than others (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235">Rabinowitz, 1981</a>). Species susceptible to extinction are characterized by small, often fragmented, populations located in small geographic areas. The patchy distributions of these species often result from their high habitat specificity. Close proximity of preferred habitat to urban developments or to areas of soil suitable for agricultural conversion increases the likelihood of extinction.Pocket gophers of the rodent family Geomyidae and pocket mice and kangaroo rats of the family Heteromyidae exhibit natural history characteristics that make rodent species prone to extinction. Pocket gophers live in small, isolated populations often located near areas of urban development or in fertile valleys often converted to agricultural production (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">Hall, 1981</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al., 2004</a>, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130">2005</a>), while arid-adapted heteromyids occupy many small, arid islands near the western coast of México as well as regions that are being subjected to rapid agricultural conversion. Most species in these families are endemic to the southern part of North America, and their distribution is mainly in the United States and México, although some species range into Central America and northern South America (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>). There are currently 40 named species of pocket gophers (Geomyidae), of which 20 occur in México (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>). Thirteen of these 20 species (nearly one-third of all extant pocket gopher species) are endemic to México. The family Heteromyidae shows a similarly high level of endemism in México. The family contains 60 named species, of which 39 (65.0%) occur in México and 12 (one-fifth of all living heteromyids) are endemic to México (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>).<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia>Family Geomyidae<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120">Hafner and Hafner (2009)</a> recognized central México as the probable center of diversification of the family Geomyidae. Most Mexican species inhabit tropical, subtropical, or forested temperate regions in the Trans-México Volcanic Belt (TMVB), and the Sierra Madre del Sur, although a few species live in the shrub-covered deserts of the Mexican Plateau. The most speciose genera are Cratogeomys and Thomomys with 7 and 5 species, respectively, followed by Orthogeomys (4 species), Geomys (3 species), and Pappogeomys and Zygogeomys with 1 species each. Pocket gophers are well equipped for their subterranean lifestyle, having cylindrical bodies, reduced eyes, and strong and well-developed forearms for digging. They possess external, fur-lined cheek pouches in which they transport food items, particularly roots. They prefer habitats with deep soils, which allow them to dig deep, spacious burrow systems (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295">Stein, 2000</a>). All geomyid species are solitary and agressive, coming together only to mate.Family HeteromyidaeHeteromyid rodents originated and evolved for 35 million years in North America, spreading into South America only during the last 3 million years (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285">Schmidly et al., 1993</a>). Although the family ranges from<a name="p578"></a> southern Canada to northern Colombia and Venezuela (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">Hall, 1981</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>), the most speciose genera (kangaroo rats, Dipodomys, 20 species; coarse-haired pocket mice, Chaetodipus, 17 species; and silky pocket mice, Perognathus, 9 species) reach their greatest diversity in the regional deserts of North America, the core of which are in northern México. The 2 species of kangaroo mice are similarly restricted to arid regions (Great Basin of western United States), as is the most widespread species of spiny pocket mouse, Liomys irroratus. The other 4 species of Liomys extend from xeric thorn-scrub habitat into tropical interior basins and savannah. While the 7 species of forest spiny pocket mice (Heteromys) inhabit mesic situations in lowland rainforest, lower montane wet forest and cloud forest, and lower montane dry forests of southern México, Central America, and northern South America (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075">Genoways, 1973</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110">Hafner et al. 2007</a> found Liomys paraphyletic relative to Heteromys, and placed Liomys in synonymy with Heteromys. However, we herein continue to employ Liomys pending inclusive analysis of all species within the 2 genera).Most heteromyids retain a conservative scansorial body form (pocket mice of the genera Perognathus, Chaetodipus, Liomys, and Heteromys), in marked contrast to the richochetal forms of kangaroo rats and mice (Dipodomys and Microdipodops; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105">Hafner, 1993</a>). Body size ranges from the diminutive Perognathus (8 g) to the largest kangaroo rats (180g; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Brylski, 1993</a>). All species are nocturnal and solitary, have small ears, and possess external, fur-lined cheek pouches (unique to the Heteromyidae and Geomyidae) for transport of seeds, which for nearly all heteromyid species makes up the bulk of their diet (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160">Jones, 1993</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250">Reichman and Price, 1993</a>).As noted elsewhere (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al., 1998</a>), conservation of species far more charismatic than rodents often depends first and foremost on preservation of the rodent community that sustains them. Numerous and widespread mammals, rodents often are highly adapted to narrowly defined habitats, such that the diversity of rodents reflects the diversity of available habitats, and the status of a specific rodent species often provides a measure of the health of a specific habitat. Therefore, to highlight the importance of this component of biodiversity, herein we list the taxa of geomyid and heteromyid rodents of México, indicate those that have been recognized as threatened or endangered, note possible modifications to this list, and summarize the nature of the threat to each taxon.Materials and methodsA list of species of geomyid and heteromyid rodents occurring in México was developed based on a review of the literature and web-based databases, in-press papers, and personal communications with colleagues. Taxonomy follows <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225">Patton (2005a</a>, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">2005b</a>), with modifications made according to subsequent publications (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Fernández et al, 2012</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al., 2004</a>, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130">2005</a>, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100">2008</a>, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135">2009</a>, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140">2011</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">Mathis et al., 2013a</a>, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200">2013b</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275">Rios and Álvarez-Castañeda, 2010</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280">Rogers and Gonzalez, 2010</a>). Species distributions are based on maps and records from <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">Hall (1981)</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225">Patton (2005a</a>, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">2005b</a>); endemism and conservation status for each species are based on <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat (2010)</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN (2012)</a>; biogeographic provinces are as defined by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210">Morrone et al. (2002)</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205">Morrone (2005)</a>.ResultsIn <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>, a current checklist of Mexican species of pocket gophers is provided, it includes their distributions within the biogeographic provinces defined by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210">Morrone et al. (2002)</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205">Morrone (2005)</a>. Twelve of the 20 species of Mexican geomyids occur in only a single biogeographic province, and 19 of 20 occur in only 1 or 2 biogeographic provinces. The single exception to this trend is Thomomys bottae, which is distributed predominantly north of México, where it likewise occurs in a wide variety of habitats. The highest diversity of geomyids is in central México (8 of 20 species occur in the TMVB biogeographic province; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>), and 7 of the 13 pocket gopher species endemic to México live in the TMVB biogeographic province.<a name="p579"></a>The Mexican government lists 8 Mexican pocket gopher species as either threatened or protected (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat, 2010</a>), and 6 of these also are listed as either threatened or endangered on the IUCN red list (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN, 2012</a>).México is the geographic center of diversity for the family Heteromyidae (39 of 60 recognized species) and particularly of the genera Chaetodipus (all 17 species) and Liomys (4 of 5 species). The highest diversity of heteromyid rodents in México occurs in the northern deserts (BC, SON, and MPl provinces; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>). Of the 39 species of Heteromyidae that occur in México (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>), 24 occur in a single biogeographic province, and 32 occur in only 1 or 2 provinces. Some exceptions must be highlighted like the widespread D. merriami (4 provinces), L. pictus (5 provinces), and L. irroratus (6 provinces).Currently, 8 species and 27 subspecies of heteromyid rodents are considered to be of conservation concern by either the <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN (2012)</a> or <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat (2010</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>).DiscussionAlthough both heteromyid and geomyid rodents are conspicuous and widespread components of the rodent fauna of México, many of the endemic species and subspecies<a name="p580"></a> occur only in small, isolated distributions, including both figurative islands of preferred habitat (Geomyidae) and literal islands near the Pacific coast and in the Gulf of California. As mentioned earlier, many species are endemic to México, and present their largest distribution within the country. A few species have only a small distribution within the Mexican Republic, but occupy extensive areas outside of the country. As evidenced by recent publications and ongoing studies, it is likely that further investigation into the phylogeography of particularly widespread species will reveal cryptic evolutionary lineages, and therefore possibly alter conservation priorities.<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia>Family GeomyidaeMost people in México have little or no knowledge of pocket gophers, and those familiar with “tuzas” (local name in spanish for pocket gophers) seem to view them as a single, widespread species distributed throughout México. Most human encounters with pocket gophers occur when pocket gophers consume family crops, so it is not surprising that support for pocket gopher conservation in México is not a priority. In their survey of threatened rodents of North America (north of México), <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al. (1998)</a> included United States populations of 3 species of pocket gophers that also occur in México: Thomomys umbrinus, Geomys arenarius, and G. personatus. The current ICUN Red List of Threatened Species (2012) includes G. arenarius and 4 additional species of Mexican geomyids, G. tropicalis, Orthogeomys lanius, Pappogeomys alcorni, and the monotypic genus Zygogeomys.More than 50% of the Mexican geomyids are confined to a single biogeographic province, and almost a 100% are distributed in only 1 or 2 biogeographic provinces. The high diversity of geomyids in central México (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>) appears to be the result of the complex topography of central México combined with the confluence of 3 major habitat types (boreal forest, high desert, and tropical forest) in this region where the Nearctic and Neotropical biogeographical provinces meet (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">Corona et al., 2007</a>). The high ecological and physiographic diversity of the TMVB undoubtedly has created many opportunities for isolation and diversification of geomyid clades. Not surprisingly, 7 of the 13 pocket gopher species endemic to México live in the TMVB biogeographic province, where high levels of endemism have been observed in many different animal and plant groups (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240">Ramamoorthy et al., 1993</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300">Strattersfield et al., 1998</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190">Luna et al., 2007</a>).The following accounts present the current status of each of the 8 pocket gopher species listed by the Mexican government.Zygogeomys trichopus (the Michoacán pocket gopher), endemic monotypic genus, is listed as “protected” by the Mexican government and “endangered” by the IUCN. Once an abundant species, Z. trichopus now has a very limited and fragmented distribution (less than 5 000km2) in the mountains of Michoacán. Reduction of the range of this species is believed to result from a combination of agricultural encroachment and elimination of the forest buffer separating Z. trichopus from its lower-elevation competitor, Cratogeomys fumosus (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115">Hafner and Barkley, 1984</a>). The planting of vast orchards of avocado (Persea americana) trees near known populations of Z. trichopus over the past 30 years has had an unknown impact on the pocket gophers. MSH and DJH visited 1 Z. trichopus locality on the side of Mt. Tancítaro in 1993 and noted abundant gopher activity in nearby avocado orchards. Studies of the continuing effects of agricultural encroachment and deforestation are critically needed to ensure the future of this endemic genus.Geomys tropicalis (the tropical pocket gopher), endemic species, is listed as “threatened” by the Mexican government and “critically endangered” by the IUCN. Geomys tropicalis is restricted to a tiny region (<100km2) near the town of Altamira, Tamaulipas. Only small fragments of suitable pocket gopher habitat were found in the vicinity of Altamira in 1993 (MSH, personal observation). This species is, indeed, critically endangered, and studies of the density and distribution of G. tropicalis populations are urgently needed to protect it from extinction.Geomys arenarius (the desert pocket gopher) is not listed by the Mexican government but is listed as<a name="p581"></a> “near threatened” by the IUCN. We have observed that this species is still widespread in south-central New México (DJH, personal observation) but its dependence on sandy bottomlands subject to grazing and prolonged fire suppression may soon pose the threat of extinction. Populations are reportedly dense along the Rio Grande in southern New Mexico and in the vicinity of El Paso, Texas (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN, 2012</a>), but prolonged periods of warming and drying threatens their continued existence. The species is known in México only along the Río Grande (= Río Bravo) in the vicinity of Júarez, Chihuahua, and the nearby Samalayuca sand dunes (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Anderson, 1972</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">Ceballos and Oliva, 2005</a>). <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">Ceballos and Navarro (1991)</a> considered these populations to be endangered based on their limited distribution in which they have suffered from overgrazing, industrial development, and urban growth. Populations in the Samalayuca dunes are afforded protection in a 632km2 portion of the dune field that was declared a Natural Protected Area by the Mexican government in 2009. The status of populations of G. arenarius in northern Chihuahua should be investigated to ascertain the level of risk faced by these populations.Geomys personatus personatus (the Texas pocket gopher), subspecies of G. personatus, occurs along the coast of northern Tamaulipas and is listed as “threatened” by the Mexican government. Hafner et al. (1989) considered G. personatus to be “Lower Risk, near threatened” based on its restricted distribution in southern Texas and adjacent Tamaulipas, and 3 subspecies (G. p. fuscus, G. p. maritimus, and G. p. streckeri) to be threatened based on their restricted distributions in Texas. Although G. personatus is not currently listed by the IUCN, the report on this species states that at least 3 subspecies of G. personatus, including the Mexican subspecies, are threatened by continued habitat loss within their restricted ranges (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN, 2012</a>). Given the extremely limited distribution of G. p. personatus in northern Tamaulipas and its dependence on loose, sandy soil that is being used for agricultural purposes, its continued listing by the Mexican government is appropriate. As with G. arenarius<a name="p583"></a> in northern Chihuahua, the status of populations of G. personatus in northern Chihuahua should be investigated to ascertain the level of risk faced by these populations.Pappogeomys bulleri alcorni (Alcorn's pocket gopher), endemic subspecies, is listed as “protected” by the Mexican government and “critically endangered” by the IUCN. It occurs in a small region near the town of Mazamitla, Michoacán, where it comes into contact (or near contact) with the much larger and behaviorally dominant Cratogeomys fumosus. As with other threatened or endangered species of pocket gophers, the major threats to P. b. alcorni are fragmentation of its habitat for agricultural use, habitat loss through deforestation, and targeted killing by farmers. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065">Demastes et al. (2002)</a> trapped in agricultural fields near the type locality and captured only C. fumosus. In a more recent visit to this region (2009), specimens of P. b. alcorni were absent in agricultural fields but were abundant in the forested hillsides near the type locality (MSH and DJH, personal observation). P. b. alcorni, unlike most pocket gophers, appears to be a forest specialist (as are the other subspecies of P. bulleri;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135">Hafner et al., 2009</a>) and may be more widespread in this region than previously thought. A survey of the status of P. b. alcorni populations in the forests near its type locality may lead to reevaluate its risk status.Cratogeomys fumosus neglectus (the Querétaro pocket gopher), endemic subspecies of pocket gopher, is listed as “threatened” by the Mexican government (as C. neglectus), but is not listed by the IUCN because it is a subspecies of a widespread species (C. fumosus) that is relatively common throughout its range (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner, et al., 2004</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN, 2012</a>). The IUCN account for C. fumosus, however, refers to the subspecies neglectus and states that the isolated population in Querétaro is at risk. Cratogeomys fumosus neglectus is known from a very restricted area near the towns of Pinal de Amoles and La Cañada, Querétaro, and although it is often locally abundant where it occurs (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170">León et al., 2001</a>), its restricted distribution may necessitate continued protection by the Mexican government. A survey of the status of C. f. neglectus populations in the mountains surrounding its type locality is needed to clarify its current risk status.Cratogeomys fumosus fumosus (the smoky pocket gopher), as with C. f. neglectus (see preceding account), C. f. fumosus is listed as “threatened” by the Mexican government (as C. fumosus), but is not listed by the IUCN because it is a subspecies of a widespread species that is not threatened over most of its range. However, the IUCN report for C. fumosus refers to the subspecies fumosus and states that populations of C. fumosus in the state of Colima are at risk. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al. (2004)</a> used molecular evidence to show that C. f. fumosus is much more widespread in México that previously thought (e.g., <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">Hall, 1981</a>). Rather than being restricted to the vicinity of Colima city, C. f. fumosus is patchily distributed over much of western Michoacán and the eastern slopes of the Sierra Madre del Sur in Jalisco and Colima (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al., 2004</a>). Where it occurs, populations of C. f. fumosus appear to be in good condition (MSH, personal observation), so continued listing of this subspecies by the Mexican government probably is unnecessary.Orthogeomys lanius (the big pocket gopher), endemic species of pocket gopher, is listed as “threatened” by the Mexican government and “critically endangered” by the IUCN. Prior to 2013, O. lanius was known only from the type locality of Xuchil, Veracruz, where it was originally collected in 1904. However, the species was recently rediscovered in central Veracruz by M. S. Hafner, D. J. Hafner, and E. E. Gonzáles (manuscript in preparation) and mitochondrial DNA sampled from the newly discovered individuals is nearly identical to DNA extracted from the skin of 1 of the 109-year-old specimens. Phylogenetic analyses show O. lanius to be a valid species sister to O. hispidus. Observations in the field suggest that O. lanius is reasonably abundant in a roughly 1 000 km2 region of central Veracruz, where it persists in forested refugia often too steep and rugged for cultivation by humans. The actual distribution and abundance of O. lanius should be investigated through fieldwork in the area of its type locality.Orthogeomys cuniculus (the Oaxacan pocket gopher), endemic pocket gopher, is listed as “threatened” by the Mexican government but “data deficient” by the IUCN. Recent molecular evidence based on DNA extracted from the skin of a paratype of O. cuniculus shows this taxon to be nested phylogenetically within specimens of O. grandis (M. S. Hafner, unpublished data). In January 2010, we found abundant pocket gophers activity in the vicinity of the type locality of O. cuniculus (Zanatepec, Oaxaca; MSH and DJH, personal observation), therefore, if future research confirms that O. cuniculus is a junior synonym of O. grandis, then there is no need to list this population of O. grandis as threatened or endangered.Family HeteromyidaeThe rodents of nocturnal nature, mostly in sparsely populated desert regions, results in their generally being regarded as “mice,” although most people in rural communities recognize the “rata canguro” (local name in spanish) based on a hopping, long-tailed rodent caught in a light at night. If regarded at all, most heteromyid rodents are generally considered pests in a wasteland. As species that are tightly adapted to the North American regional deserts, however, the arid-adapted heteromyid rodents signal the state of health and threats to these unique biotic zones, the richest cores of which occur<a name="p584"></a> in México. Similarly, because of their ability to survive on arid islands along the Pacific coast and in the Gulf of California, the status of heteromyid rodents reflects the impacts of human-induced threats including exotic plant and animal introductions and habitat depletion. Moreover, the long evolutionary history of heteromyid rodents, particularly of the genus Chaetodipus in North American regional deserts has made them exceptional taxa in which to reconstruct the dynamic geological and biogeographic history of regional deserts (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Fernández et al., 2012</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090">Hafner and Riddle, 2011</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220">Neiswenter and Riddle, 2010</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0255">Riddle and Hafner, 2006a,b</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265">Riddle et al., 2000a,b</a>). Similarly, phylogeographic studies of the genus Heteromys, spanning the Central American land bridge between North America and South America, should provide additional detail to the biogeographic history of that region.México is the center of diversity for heteromyid rodents and since most of the members of this family are arid-adapted, it is not surprising that their highest diversity occurs in the deserts (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>), where our trapping efforts have shown that a single trap-line sampling local microhabitats often will yield 2 species of Dipodomys, 2–3 species of Chaetodipus, and 1 species of Perognathus (DJH, personal observation). More than 50% of Heteromyid rodents in México inhabit only 1 biogeographic province with a few widespread species.In general, agricultural conversion of desert habitat poses the greatest threat to heteromyid species, whereas the majority of threatened subspecies occur on small desert islands off the Pacific coast and in the Gulf of California, where they have been subjected to a variety of human-induced threats.Species of conservation concernAs summarized by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle (2005)</a>, desert regions of North America have disappeared at an alarming rate in the face of agricultural conversion and urban expansion. In the United States, the San Joaquin Valley of California with its 22 endemic species and subspecies of arid-adapted mammals had suffered 98% conversion to agriculture by 1976 (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305">Williams and Kilburn, 1992</a>), while the Mojave Desert, Pacific coastal sage desert, and the northern periphery of the Sonoran Desert have retreated in face of explosive expansion and related agricultural conversion of Los Angeles (California), Las Vegas (Nevada), and Phoenix (Arizona). In México, agricultural conversion has caused the probable extinction of D. gravipes in the coastal sage desert of northern Baja California, and threatens the fog-desert Magdalena Plains of the Baja California Peninsula's Cape Region (C. dalquesti), the coastal thorn-scrub desert of Sinaloa and Nayarit (C. goldmani), desert grassland habitat of the Mexican Plateau (D. spectabilis), and the Oriental Basin of Puebla, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz (D. phillipsii). Elsewhere in México, entire tracts of native desert have disappeared under agricultural conversion (the Altiplano of Zacatecas, Desierto Mayrán of Coahuila). In Sonora, the core region of the Sonoran Desert is severely threatened by the simultaneous targeted removal of mesquite woodland (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle, 2005</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150">Hoffmeister, 1986</a>) and the more insidious and widespread introduction of buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare), which competes with native plants and promotes disastrous wildfires (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020">Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, 2012</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080">Hafner, 2012</a>). In addition to restricting already limited distributions of some species, the twin threats of agricultural conversion and urban expansion have destroyed areas of contact between species and faunas. For example, the Mexicali-El Centro-Yuma-San Luis development area has nearly eradicated a region in northern Baja California where the Mojave, Sonoran, and Peninsular regional deserts intermix, including contact of 9 species of Chaetodipus. On a more local level, we (DJH, personal observation) revisited in 2005 a site of contact between C. dalquesti and C. arenarius on the Magdalena Plains near Insurgentes, Baja California Sur that we had first detected in 1999. Six years later, heavy equipment was plowing under desert for new agricultural fields within a few kilometers of this formerly remote, undisturbed site.Three other species are considered to be of conservation concern because of their restricted distributions: C. lineatus (southwestern San Luis Potosí and southeastern Zacatecas); H. nelsoni (southern Chiapas and western Guatemala); and L. spectabilis (southeastern Jalisco). Specific threats to any of the 3 restricted regions are not known. The validity of C. lineatus (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Dalquest, 1951</a>) has been questioned (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310">Williams et al., 1993</a>) because of its similarity to C. nelsoni (with which it is supposedly sympatric), subtle distinguishing characteristics (color and texture of pelage, variable characters associated with age and molt), and inability of subsequent workers to capture specimens clearly referable to the species. Nowhere else in the distribution of Chaetodipus are 2 coarse-haired members of the genus widely sympatric, and genetic samples gathered from known localities have rendered only C. nelsoni (DJH, personal observation).Subspecies of conservation concernThere are 23 out of 27 subspecies considered to be of conservation concern are restricted to islands near the Pacific coast or in the Gulf of California (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>). These populations, many of which previously were considered as species distinct from their mainland counterparts, have been subjected to a variety of human-induced impacts, including introduction of non-native predators and competitors (e.g., cats, goats, Rattus, Mus), introduction of congeneric competitors from the mainland, habitat modification (e.g., clearing of ironwood; introduction of iceplant), and direct poisoning campaigns<a name="p585"></a> (summarized in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle, 2005</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165">Lawlor et al., 2002</a>). Native mammals are known from 36 islands, based largely on a single (or rarely a few) trapping efforts during the first half of the twentieth century. Subsequent resampling efforts during the last 50 years have generally been at the same accessible sites, and 14 of the native forms are considered to be extinct, possibly extinct, or in danger of extinction (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle, 2005</a>). As noted by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle, 2005</a>:239), “Species may be disappearing that have never been detected.” More extensive and intensive sampling is necessary to confirm extinction and provide baseline data with which to evaluate future change, including introduction of mainland forms from both natural over-water dispersal (e.g., rafting) or human-related activities (e.g., transport on fishing vessels). Although many of the islands are included in the Islas del Golfo de California natural protected area (<a id="intr0005" class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.conanp.gob.mx">http://www.conanp.gob.mx</a>), 4 of the larger islands are privately or communally owned (Tiburón, del Carmen, Cerralvo, and San José). Adverse human impact associated with increased tourism (e.g., development; introduction of exotic species) likely will increase with government-backed projects such as Escalera Náutica, a chain of 22 marinas (10 existing, 12 new) around the Baja California Peninsula (<a id="intr0010" class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://bajaquest.com/escaleranautica/">http://bajaquest.com/escaleranautica/</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Boletín Oficial del Gobierno del Estado de Baja California Sur, 2000</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle 2005</a>).Three other subspecies of conservation concern, all subspecies of D. phillipsii, are restricted to the southeastern peripheral deserts of eastern TMVB (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Fernández et al., 2012</a>), which are subjected to extensive agricultural conversion. A molecular analysis by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Fernández et al. (2012)</a> recognized a northern clade of D. phillipsi (formerly D. p. ornatus) to be specifically distinct. The remaining subspecies of conservation concern, P. a. amplus (previously P. a. rotundus), enjoys an extensive distribution in Arizona and only marginally occurs across the border in México.Suggested modifications to conservation priorities<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Amori and Gippoliti (2003)</a> have emphasized the importance of considering taxonomic rank in rodent conservation, and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">Amori et al. (2011)</a> have supported the generally accepted importance of biodiversity hotspots (regions of high species diversity) in setting conservation priorities. From the perspective of rodent conservation, we argue instead for a habitat-based approach that focuses on the conservation of functional ecosystems, as advocated by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al. (1998)</a>. Although we agree that endangered genera (e.g., the endangered, endemic genus Zygogeomys) merit special consideration, the application of species versus subspecific distinction in the case of disjunct isolates (e.g., island populations) often is subjective. Similarly, emphasis on biodiversity hotspots may misdirect conservation efforts, as hotspots often indicate regions of contact between adjoining biotas and as such may represent peripheral, and potentially ephemeral, habitats for both biotas. The ubiquitous nature of rodents, and the often close matching between a taxon and a specific habitat, makes them ideal as indicators of habitat and ecosystem health, and as early warnings of adverse impact. An ecosystem approach would consider first, the number and diversity of threatened taxa (regardless of taxonomic rank) in a particular habitat, and only then prioritize based on taxonomic rank and degree of threat. It is likely that an ecosystem with a variety of threatened rodents is likely to contain a variety of other living organisms that also are threatened. Because of limited funds, conservation agencies are forced to make pragmatic decisions about conservation priorities, and we argue that those funds should be targeted on preservation of functional ecosystems under the greatest threat, rather than on individual species.Following these guidelines, we would suggest the following modifications to the list of threatened geomyid and heteromyid rodents of México. No taxon with a limited distribution in México but with a widespread distribution elsewhere should be included (e.g., P. a. amplus). Protected status should be accorded to threatened populations and subspecies, just as it is to threatened species (e.g., all threatened island forms), and protected status should be restricted to only those subspecies or populations that actually are threatened, rather than to the entire species (e.g., D. s. cratodon in the Chihuahuan Desert, and D. s. intermedius of the Sonoran Desert, instead of the entire species, D. spectabilis).In addition to protecting taxa that currently are threatened, it remains necessary to adopt a proactive approach to mitigate adverse human impact before it results in a threatened status for species. Probably the most difficult task facing rodent conservation efforts in México is the common perception of a uniform, widespread rodent community over extensive areas, which cannot seriously be threatened by human impact. Thus, the Oriental Basin of the eastern TMVB has been reduced to marginal, peripheral pockets of a formerly widespread arid-adapted community, with at least 4 threatened rodent species (D. phillipsii, Neotoma nelsoni, Peromyscus bullatus, and Xerospermophilus perotensis), while the vast Sonoran Desert region of Sonora and the Sinaloan thorn-scrub are being dramatically altered by active habitat conversion and introduced exotics. Surveys of indicators of these broad arid regions (e.g., Peromyscus merriami in the mesquite forests of the Sonoran Desert; C. goldmani and Neotoma phenax in the Sinaloan thorn-scrub) are necessary to assess the impact of current human-mitigated threats to each region. As sensitive indicators of habitat health<a name="p586"></a> and as important components of the food chain of most terrestrial ecosystems, rodents can provide those critical early warnings of adverse human impact to ecosystems, and public education should emphasize these important roles of rodents." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:10 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres406705" "titulo" => "Abstract" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec382925" "titulo" => "Key words" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres406706" "titulo" => "Resumen" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec382926" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Family Geomyidae" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Family Heteromyidae" ] ] ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Results" ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Discussion" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Family Geomyidae" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Family Heteromyidae" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Species of conservation concern" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Subspecies of conservation concern" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Suggested modifications to conservation priorities" ] ] ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack119042" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" ] 9 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Literature cited" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2013-04-02" "fechaAceptado" => "2014-01-10" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec382925" "palabras" => array:7 [ 0 => "biogeographic distribution" 1 => "habitat destruction" 2 => "kangaroo rat" 3 => "mammal" 4 => "pocket gopher" 5 => "pocket mouse" 6 => "threatened species" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec382926" "palabras" => array:7 [ 0 => "distribución biogeográfica" 1 => "destrucción de habitat" 2 => "rata canguro" 3 => "mamífero" 4 => "tuza" 5 => "ratón de abazones" 6 => "especies amenazadas" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "Mexico is considered a mammal diversity hotspot, and most conservation efforts involving mammals focus on large and charismatic species. Herein, we provide an assessment of the conservation status of species that are often overlooked in conservation programs, Mexican rodents of the families Geomyidae (pocket gophers) and Heteromyidae (pocket mice and kangaroo rats). Based on distributional maps and recent systematic studies, a taxonomic and biogeographical distributional checklist was made. The conservation lists of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the Mexican Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales were used to identify 8 geomyid species, and 8 species and 27 subspecies of heteromyids as endangered. Major threats to their conservation are change in land use, destruction of habitat and a lack of knowledge about their current distribution and population trends." ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "México es una región del mundo con un elevado nivel de diversidad de mamíferos y la mayoría de los esfuerzos de conservación se concentran en las especies grandes, más carismáticas. Aquí, proveemos una evaluación del estado de conservación de especies que generalmente no son consideradas, los roedores mexicanos de las familias Geomyidae and Heteromyidae. Basados en mapas de distribución y estudios sistemáticos recientes, se preparó una lista taxonómica y de distribución biogeográfica de los roedores geómidos y heterómidos de México. Las listas de conservación de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza y la Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales de México se utilizaron para identificar 8 taxa de geómidos, 8 especies y 27 subespecies de heterómidos en peligro de extinción. Las principales amenazas para su conservación son: cambio en el uso de suelo, la destrucción del habitat y la falta de conocimiento acerca de su distribución actual y sus tendencias poblacionales." ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 903 "Ancho" => 973 "Tamanyo" => 76975 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "The distribution of the Family Geomyidae across the continent, based on distribution maps prepared by IUCN (IUCN, 2012)." ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Species \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Endemic \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">México listing \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IUCN listing \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Biogeographic province(s) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Cratogeomys castanops (Baird, 1852) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MP \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Cratogeomys fulvescens Merriam, 1895 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Cratogeomys fumosus (listed as C. neglectus<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">1</a> [Merriam, 1902]) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">threatened \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SMO \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Cratogeomys fumosus fumosus (listed as C. fumosus [Merriam, 1892]) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">threatened \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MP, TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Cratogeomys goldmani Merriam, 1895 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MP \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Cratogeomys merriami (Thomas, 1893) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Cratogeomys perotensis Merriam, 1895 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Cratogeomys planiceps (Merriam, 1895) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Geomys arenarius Merriam, 1895 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">near-threatened \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MP \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Geomys personatus maritimus (listed as G. personatus True, 1889) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">threatened \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TAM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Geomys tropicalis Goldman, 1915 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">threatened \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">critically endangered \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TAM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Orthogeomys grandis (listed as O. cuniculus<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010">2</a> Elliot, 1905) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">threatened \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">data deficient \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Orthogeomys grandis (Thomas, 1893) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPA, SMS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Orthogeomys hispidus (Le Conte, 1852) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MGU, YUC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Orthogeomys lanius (Elliot, 1905) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">threatened \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">critically endangered \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MGU \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Pappogeomys bulleri alcorni Russell, 1957 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">protected \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">critically endangered \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Thomomys atrovarius J. A. Allen, 1898 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Thomomys bottae (Eydoux and Gervais, 1836) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BAJA, CAL, MP, SMOr, SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Thomomys nayarensis (Mathis et al. in press) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SMOcc \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Thomomys sheldoni Bailey, 1915 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SMOcc \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Thomomys umbrinus (Richardson, 1829) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">— \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MP, TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Zygogeomys trichopus Merriam, 1895 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">protected \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">endangered \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab633732.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "nota" => "Cratogeomys neglectus is now a junior synonym of C. fumosus tylorhinus (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al., 2004</a>)." ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "nota" => "Orthogeomys cuniculus is now a junior synonym of O. grandis (Hafner et al., in press)." ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Distribution and conservation status of Mexican mammals of the family Geomyidae. Conservation status in México is based on <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat (2010)</a> and on international basis according to the <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN (2012)</a>. Biogeographic provinces are defined following <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205">Morrone et al. (2005)</a>. The taxonomic list is modified from <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225">Patton (2005a)</a> to include 6 additional pocket gopher species endemic to México (Cratogeomys planiceps [<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al., 2004</a>], C. fulvescens and C. perotensis [<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130">Hafner et al., 2005</a>], Thomomys atrovarius [<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140">Hafner et al., 2011</a>), T. sheldoni [<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">Mathis et al., 2013a</a>], and T. nayarensis [<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200">Mathis et al., 2013b</a>]) and excludes 6 endemic taxa now recognized as junior synonyms of other species (C. gymnurus, C. neglectus, C. tylorhinus, and C. zinseri [<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al., 2004</a>], Pappogeomys alcorni [<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135">Hafner et al., 2009</a>], and Orthogeomys cuniculus [Hafner et al., in press]). Biogeographic provinces are: Baja California (BAJA), California (CAL), Mexican Plateau (MP), Mexican Gulf (MGU), Mexican Pacific Coast (MPA), Sierra Madre Oriental (SMO), Sierra Madre Occidental (SMOcc), Sonora (SON), Tamaulipas (TAM), Trans-Mexico Volcanic Belt (TMVB), and Yucatán (YUC)" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Species \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Endemic \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">México listing \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IUCN listing \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Biogeographic province(s) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus arenarius (Merriam, 1894) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus arenarius albulus (Nelson and Goldman, 1923) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Magdalena and Estero Salinas of adjacent mainland) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus arenarius ammophilus (Osgood, 1907) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Santa Margarita) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus arenarius siccus (Osgood, 1907) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Cerralvo) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus artus (Osgood, 1909) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPa, SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus baileyi (Merriam, 1894) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus baileyi insularis Townsend, 1912 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">P \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SON(Isla Tiburón) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus californicus (Merriam, 1889) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">CAL \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus dalquesti (Roth, 1976) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Pr \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Vulnerable B1ab (iii) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus eremicus (Mearns, 1898) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus fallax (Merriam, 1889) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC, CAL \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus fallax anthonyi (Osgood, 1900) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Cedros) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus formosus Merriam, 1889 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus goldmani (Osgood, 1900) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Near threatened \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus hispidus (Baird, 1858) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl, SMOc, TAM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus intermedius (Merriam, 1889) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl, SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus intermedius minimus (Burt, 1932) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SON (Isla Dátil) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus lineatus (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Dalquest, 1951</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Data deficient \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus nelsoni (Merriam, 1894) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus penicillatus (Woodhouse, 1852) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus penicillatus seri Nelson, 1912 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SON (Isla Tiburón) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus pernix (J. A. Allen, 1898) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPa, SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus rudinoris (Elliot, 1903) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus rudinoris fornicautus Burt, 1932 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">P \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Montserrat) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus (Merriam, 1889) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus bryanti (Merriam, 1894) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">P \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla San José) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus evermanni (Nelson and Goldman, 1929) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">E \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Mejía) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus guardiae Burt, 1932 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Angel de la Guarda) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus lambi Benson, 1930 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Espíritu Santo) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus latijugularis Burt, 1932 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">P \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla San Francisco) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus lorenzi Banks, 1967 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla San Lorenzo Norte and Isla San Lorenzo Sur) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus magdalenae Osgood, 1907 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Magdalena) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus marcosensis Burt, 1932 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla San Marcos) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus margaritae (Merriam, 1894) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Santa Margarita) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus occultus Nelson, 1912 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Carmen) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus pullus Burt, 1932 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Coronados) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Chaetodipus spinatus seorus Burt, 1932 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Danzante) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys compactus True, 1889 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TAM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys deserti Stephens, 1887 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys gravipes Huey, 1925 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">E \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Critically Endangered D \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys merriami Mearns, 1890 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC, MPl, SON, TAM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys merriami insularis (Merriam, 1907) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">P \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Critically Endangered B1 ab(iii,v) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla San José) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="5" align="center" valign="middle"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><a name="p582"></a></li></ul></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys merriami margaritae (Merriam, 1907) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">P \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Critically Endangered B1 ab(v) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC (Isla Santa Margarita) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys merriami mitchelli (Mearns, 1897) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SON (Isla Tiburón) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys nelsoni Merriam, 1907 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MP1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys ordii Woodhouse, 1853 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl, TAM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys ornatus Merriam, 1894 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys phillipsii Gray, 1841 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Pr \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys phillipsii oaxacae Hooper, 1947 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys phillipsii perotensis (Merriam, 1894) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys phillipsii phillipsii Gray, 1841 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys simulans Merriam, 1904 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC, CAL \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Dipodomys spectabilis Merriam, 1890 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Near Threatened \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MP1, SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Heteromys desmarestianus Gray, 1868 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">CHI, MPa, YUC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Heteromys gaumeri J. A. Allen and Chapman, 1897 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">YUC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Heteromys nelsoni Merriam, 1902 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Pr \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Endangered B1 ab(i,ii,iii,v) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">CHI \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Liomys irroratus (Gray, 1868) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl, TAM, SMor, TMVB, SMOc, SMS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Liomys pictus (Thomas, 1893) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BAL, MGu, MPa, SON, TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Liomys salvini (Thomas, 1893) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPa \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Liomys spectabilis Genoways, 1971 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Pr \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Endangered B1 ab(iii) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Perognathus amplus Osgood, 1900 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Perognathus amplus amplus Osgood, 1900 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">Pr \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Perognathus flavescens Merriam, 1889 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Perognathus flavus Baird, 1855 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl, SON, TMVB \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Perognathus longimembris (Coues, 1875) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">BC, CAL, SON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle">Perognathus merriami J. A. Allen, 1892 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">no \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="middle">MPl, TAM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab633733.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Distribution and conservation status of Mexican mammals of the family Heteromyidae. Conservation status in México is based on <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat (2010)</a> and on international basis according to the <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN (2012)</a>. Biogeographic provinces are defined following Morrone et al. (2005). The taxonomic list is modified from <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">Patton (2005b)</a> to include 1 additional species endemic to México (Dipodomys ornatus; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Fernández et al., 2012</a>). Biogeographic provinces are: Baja California (BAJA), California (CAL), Mexican Plateau (MP), Mexican Gulf (MGU), Mexican Pacific Coast (MPA), Sierra Madre Oriental (SMO), Sierra Madre Occidental (SMOcc), Sonora (SON), Tamaulipas (TAM), Trans-México Volcanic Belt (TMVB), and Yucatán (YUC)" ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => false "mostrarDisplay" => true "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 903 "Ancho" => 973 "Tamanyo" => 70169 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "The distribution of the Family Heteromyidae across the continent, based on distribution maps prepared by IUCN (IUCN 2012)." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Literature cited" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:62 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "Amori and Gippoliti, 2003" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A higher-taxon approach to rodent conservation priorities for the 21st century" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "G. 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Estado de conservación de los roedores de las familias Geomyidae y Heteromyidae de México

Jesús A. Fernández1, Mark S. Hafner2, David J. Hafner3, Fernando A. Cervantes4

1 Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Zootécnia y Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua. Periférico Francisco R. Almada, Km. 1, 31453 Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico.

2 Department of Biological Sciences and Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University. 119 Foster Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA.

3 Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico. Ceria Building, MSC 3 2020, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.

4 Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Apartado postal 70–153, 04510 México, D. F., Mexico.

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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The distribution of the Family Geomyidae across the continent&#44; based on distribution maps prepared by IUCN &#40;IUCN&#44; 2012&#41;&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Introduction</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Rodentia is the most species-rich order in the class Mammalia&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">Carleton and Musser &#40;2005&#41;</a> listed 2 277 species of rodents&#44; representing more than 42&#37; of the mammal species of the world&#46; Each year the list of rodent species grows as new species are described and taxonomic revisions supported by new evidence&#44; much of it molecular&#44; are published&#46; Based on the list reported by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245">Ram&#237;rez-Pulido et al&#46; &#40;2008&#41;</a>&#44; 240 &#40;48&#46; 5&#37;&#41; of the 495 species of Mexican terrestrial mammals are rodents&#44; and 169 &#40;34&#46;1&#37;&#41; are endemics&#46; Despite the high diversity of rodents in M&#233;xico&#44; there is a surprising deficit in the number of experts on Mexican rodents&#44; especially those focused on neotropical and tropical rodent faunas &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Amori and Gippoliti&#44; 2003</a>&#41;&#44; as well as experts focused on Nearctic desert rodents and rodents such as pocket gophers &#40;Geomyidae&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Rodents are an essential part of most natural communities because they often constitute the most<a name="p577"></a> important food item of carnivores in food chains&#46; Many rodent species in M&#233;xico are directly important to humans as well because they serve as a food source&#44; potential vector of diseases&#44; or cause economic impact by direct or indirect damage to crops and croplands&#46; Yet despite the ecological and economic importance of rodents in M&#233;xico&#44; basic aspects of rodent biology are still poorly understood&#44; including their life histories&#44; ecological roles in the community&#44; present demographic status of populations&#44; and phylogenetic relationships&#46; This lack of basic knowledge of rodent biology leaves rodent faunas vulnerable to extirpation&#44; even extinction &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180">Lidicker&#44; 2007</a>&#41;&#46; Because of the usual negative perception by most people about rodents&#44; it has been difficult to convince the public of the importance of rodent conservation&#46; As a result&#44; more than half of mammalian extinctions worldwide before 1999 were rodents &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185">MacPhee and Flemming&#44; 1999</a>&#41;&#46; In the last 20 years&#44; only 2 initiatives &#40;both efforts of the World Conservation Union&#44; IUCN&#41; have called attention to rodent species at risk of extinction in an effort to establish conservation programs worldwide &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175">Lidicker&#44; 1989</a>&#41; and in North America &#40;north of M&#233;xico&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 1998</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although M&#233;xico is among the top 3 countries in the world in terms of mammalian species diversity &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215">Myers et al&#46;&#44; 2000</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050">Ceballos et al&#46;&#44; 2002</a>&#41;&#44; Mexican rodents were not included in the 2 published surveys of rodent species of conservation concern &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175">Lidicker&#44; 1989</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 1998</a>&#41;&#58; no information was available for the first &#40;worldwide&#41; survey&#44; and M&#233;xico was not included within the geographic scope of the latter survey&#46; The current IUCN Red List of Threatened Species &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#44; evaluated only at the species level&#44; includes 81 rodent species of M&#233;xico&#46; Fully 60 of these species are in the family Cricetidae&#44; with 4 other families represented&#58; Heteromyidae &#40;8 species&#41;&#44; Geomyidae &#40;5&#41;&#44; Sciuridae &#40;7&#41;&#44; and Dasyproctidae &#40;1&#41;&#46; Of the 81 total species&#44; 17 are restricted to islands&#59; several of these currently are considered subspecies of more widely distributed species&#46; By focusing at the species level&#44; the list is biased by uneven taxonomic application&#46; When the IUCN evaluates Mexican rodents at the subspecies level&#44; as done by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al&#46; &#40;1998&#41;</a> for North America &#40;north of M&#233;xico&#41;&#44; many restricted island forms will most likely be added to this growing list of endangered taxa&#46; For example&#44; 23 additional island-restricted heteromyid subspecies currently are included in the list of species at risk by the Mexican Secretar&#237;a de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat&#44; 2010</a>&#41;&#46; Clearly&#44; the rodents of M&#233;xico need more attention from conservation-oriented scientists&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The natural history of certain rodent species makes them more prone to extinction than others &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235">Rabinowitz&#44; 1981</a>&#41;&#46; Species susceptible to extinction are characterized by small&#44; often fragmented&#44; populations located in small geographic areas&#46; The patchy distributions of these species often result from their high habitat specificity&#46; Close proximity of preferred habitat to urban developments or to areas of soil suitable for agricultural conversion increases the likelihood of extinction&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pocket gophers of the rodent family Geomyidae and pocket mice and kangaroo rats of the family Heteromyidae exhibit natural history characteristics that make rodent species prone to extinction&#46; Pocket gophers live in small&#44; isolated populations often located near areas of urban development or in fertile valleys often converted to agricultural production &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">Hall&#44; 1981</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 2004</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130">2005</a>&#41;&#44; while arid-adapted heteromyids occupy many small&#44; arid islands near the western coast of M&#233;xico as well as regions that are being subjected to rapid agricultural conversion&#46; Most species in these families are endemic to the southern part of North America&#44; and their distribution is mainly in the United States and M&#233;xico&#44; although some species range into Central America and northern South America &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; There are currently 40 named species of pocket gophers &#40;Geomyidae&#41;&#44; of which 20 occur in M&#233;xico &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; Thirteen of these 20 species &#40;nearly one-third of all extant pocket gopher species&#41; are endemic to M&#233;xico&#46; The family Heteromyidae shows a similarly high level of endemism in M&#233;xico&#46; The family contains 60 named species&#44; of which 39 &#40;65&#46;0&#37;&#41; occur in M&#233;xico and 12 &#40;one-fifth of all living heteromyids&#41; are endemic to M&#233;xico &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Family Geomyidae</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120">Hafner and Hafner &#40;2009&#41;</a> recognized central M&#233;xico as the probable center of diversification of the family Geomyidae&#46; Most Mexican species inhabit tropical&#44; subtropical&#44; or forested temperate regions in the Trans-M&#233;xico Volcanic Belt &#40;TMVB&#41;&#44; and the Sierra Madre del Sur&#44; although a few species live in the shrub-covered deserts of the Mexican Plateau&#46; The most speciose genera are <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thomomys</span> with 7 and 5 species&#44; respectively&#44; followed by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Orthogeomys</span> &#40;4 species&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Geomys</span> &#40;3 species&#41;&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Pappogeomys</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Zygogeomys</span> with 1 species each&#46; Pocket gophers are well equipped for their subterranean lifestyle&#44; having cylindrical bodies&#44; reduced eyes&#44; and strong and well-developed forearms for digging&#46; They possess external&#44; fur-lined cheek pouches in which they transport food items&#44; particularly roots&#46; They prefer habitats with deep soils&#44; which allow them to dig deep&#44; spacious burrow systems &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295">Stein&#44; 2000</a>&#41;&#46; All geomyid species are solitary and agressive&#44; coming together only to mate&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Family Heteromyidae</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Heteromyid rodents originated and evolved for 35 million years in North America&#44; spreading into South America only during the last 3 million years &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285">Schmidly et al&#46;&#44; 1993</a>&#41;&#46; Although the family ranges from<a name="p578"></a> southern Canada to northern Colombia and Venezuela &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">Hall&#44; 1981</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#44; the most speciose genera &#40;kangaroo rats&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys</span>&#44; 20 species&#59; coarse-haired pocket mice&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus</span>&#44; 17 species&#59; and silky pocket mice&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Perognathus</span>&#44; 9 species&#41; reach their greatest diversity in the regional deserts of North America&#44; the core of which are in northern M&#233;xico&#46; The 2 species of kangaroo mice are similarly restricted to arid regions &#40;Great Basin of western United States&#41;&#44; as is the most widespread species of spiny pocket mouse&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Liomys irroratus</span>&#46; The other 4 species of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Liomys</span> extend from xeric thorn-scrub habitat into tropical interior basins and savannah&#46; While the 7 species of forest spiny pocket mice &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Heteromys</span>&#41; inhabit mesic situations in lowland rainforest&#44; lower montane wet forest and cloud forest&#44; and lower montane dry forests of southern M&#233;xico&#44; Central America&#44; and northern South America &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075">Genoways&#44; 1973</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110">Hafner et al&#46; 2007</a> found <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Liomys</span> paraphyletic relative to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Heteromys</span>&#44; and placed <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Liomys</span> in synonymy with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Heteromys</span>&#46; However&#44; we herein continue to employ <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Liomys</span> pending inclusive analysis of all species within the 2 genera&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Most heteromyids retain a conservative scansorial body form &#40;pocket mice of the genera <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Perognathus&#44; Chaetodipus&#44; Liomys</span>&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Heteromys</span>&#41;&#44; in marked contrast to the richochetal forms of kangaroo rats and mice &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Microdipodops</span>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105">Hafner&#44; 1993</a>&#41;&#46; Body size ranges from the diminutive <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Perognathus</span> &#40;8 g&#41; to the largest kangaroo rats &#40;180<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Brylski&#44; 1993</a>&#41;&#46; All species are nocturnal and solitary&#44; have small ears&#44; and possess external&#44; fur-lined cheek pouches &#40;unique to the Heteromyidae and Geomyidae&#41; for transport of seeds&#44; which for nearly all heteromyid species makes up the bulk of their diet &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160">Jones&#44; 1993</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250">Reichman and Price&#44; 1993</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As noted elsewhere &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 1998</a>&#41;&#44; conservation of species far more charismatic than rodents often depends first and foremost on preservation of the rodent community that sustains them&#46; Numerous and widespread mammals&#44; rodents often are highly adapted to narrowly defined habitats&#44; such that the diversity of rodents reflects the diversity of available habitats&#44; and the status of a specific rodent species often provides a measure of the health of a specific habitat&#46; Therefore&#44; to highlight the importance of this component of biodiversity&#44; herein we list the taxa of geomyid and heteromyid rodents of M&#233;xico&#44; indicate those that have been recognized as threatened or endangered&#44; note possible modifications to this list&#44; and summarize the nature of the threat to each taxon&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Materials and methods</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A list of species of geomyid and heteromyid rodents occurring in M&#233;xico was developed based on a review of the literature and web-based databases&#44; in-press papers&#44; and personal communications with colleagues&#46; Taxonomy follows <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225">Patton &#40;2005a</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">2005b</a>&#41;&#44; with modifications made according to subsequent publications &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Fern&#225;ndez et al&#44; 2012</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 2004</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130">2005</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100">2008</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135">2009</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140">2011</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">Mathis et al&#46;&#44; 2013a</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200">2013b</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275">Rios and &#193;lvarez-Casta&#241;eda&#44; 2010</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280">Rogers and Gonzalez&#44; 2010</a>&#41;&#46; Species distributions are based on maps and records from <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">Hall &#40;1981&#41;</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225">Patton &#40;2005a</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">2005b</a>&#41;&#59; endemism and conservation status for each species are based on <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat &#40;2010&#41;</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN &#40;2012&#41;</a>&#59; biogeographic provinces are as defined by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210">Morrone et al&#46; &#40;2002&#41;</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205">Morrone &#40;2005&#41;</a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Results</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#44; a current checklist of Mexican species of pocket gophers is provided&#44; it includes their distributions within the biogeographic provinces defined by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210">Morrone et al&#46; &#40;2002&#41;</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205">Morrone &#40;2005&#41;</a>&#46; Twelve of the 20 species of Mexican geomyids occur in only a single biogeographic province&#44; and 19 of 20 occur in only 1 or 2 biogeographic provinces&#46; The single exception to this trend is <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thomomys bottae</span>&#44; which is distributed predominantly north of M&#233;xico&#44; where it likewise occurs in a wide variety of habitats&#46; The highest diversity of geomyids is in central M&#233;xico &#40;8 of 20 species occur in the TMVB biogeographic province&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#44; and 7 of the 13 pocket gopher species endemic to M&#233;xico live in the TMVB biogeographic province&#46;<a name="p579"></a></p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Mexican government lists 8 Mexican pocket gopher species as either threatened or protected &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat&#44; 2010</a>&#41;&#44; and 6 of these also are listed as either threatened or endangered on the IUCN red list &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">M&#233;xico is the geographic center of diversity for the family Heteromyidae &#40;39 of 60 recognized species&#41; and particularly of the genera <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus</span> &#40;all 17 species&#41; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Liomys</span> &#40;4 of 5 species&#41;&#46; The highest diversity of heteromyid rodents in M&#233;xico occurs in the northern deserts &#40;BC&#44; SON&#44; and MPl provinces&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46; Of the 39 species of Heteromyidae that occur in M&#233;xico &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#44; 24 occur in a single biogeographic province&#44; and 32 occur in only 1 or 2 provinces&#46; Some exceptions must be highlighted like the widespread <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; merriami</span> &#40;4 provinces&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">L&#46; pictus</span> &#40;5 provinces&#41;&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">L&#46; irroratus</span> &#40;6 provinces&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Currently&#44; 8 species and 27 subspecies of heteromyid rodents are considered to be of conservation concern by either the <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN &#40;2012&#41;</a> or <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat &#40;2010</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Discussion</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although both heteromyid and geomyid rodents are conspicuous and widespread components of the rodent fauna of M&#233;xico&#44; many of the endemic species and subspecies<a name="p580"></a> occur only in small&#44; isolated distributions&#44; including both figurative islands of preferred habitat &#40;Geomyidae&#41; and literal islands near the Pacific coast and in the Gulf of California&#46; As mentioned earlier&#44; many species are endemic to M&#233;xico&#44; and present their largest distribution within the country&#46; A few species have only a small distribution within the Mexican Republic&#44; but occupy extensive areas outside of the country&#46; As evidenced by recent publications and ongoing studies&#44; it is likely that further investigation into the phylogeography of particularly widespread species will reveal cryptic evolutionary lineages&#44; and therefore possibly alter conservation priorities&#46;<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></p><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Family Geomyidae</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Most people in M&#233;xico have little or no knowledge of pocket gophers&#44; and those familiar with &#8220;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">tuzas</span>&#8221; &#40;local name in spanish for pocket gophers&#41; seem to view them as a single&#44; widespread species distributed throughout M&#233;xico&#46; Most human encounters with pocket gophers occur when pocket gophers consume family crops&#44; so it is not surprising that support for pocket gopher conservation in M&#233;xico is not a priority&#46; In their survey of threatened rodents of North America &#40;north of M&#233;xico&#41;&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al&#46; &#40;1998&#41;</a> included United States populations of 3 species of pocket gophers that also occur in M&#233;xico&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thomomys umbrinus&#44; Geomys arenarius</span>&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; personatus</span>&#46; The current ICUN Red List of Threatened Species &#40;2012&#41; includes <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; arenarius</span> and 4 additional species of Mexican geomyids&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; tropicalis&#44; Orthogeomys lanius&#44; Pappogeomys alcorni</span>&#44; and the monotypic genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Zygogeomys</span>&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">More than 50&#37; of the Mexican geomyids are confined to a single biogeographic province&#44; and almost a 100&#37; are distributed in only 1 or 2 biogeographic provinces&#46; The high diversity of geomyids in central M&#233;xico &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41; appears to be the result of the complex topography of central M&#233;xico combined with the confluence of 3 major habitat types &#40;boreal forest&#44; high desert&#44; and tropical forest&#41; in this region where the Nearctic and Neotropical biogeographical provinces meet &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">Corona et al&#46;&#44; 2007</a>&#41;&#46; The high ecological and physiographic diversity of the TMVB undoubtedly has created many opportunities for isolation and diversification of geomyid clades&#46; Not surprisingly&#44; 7 of the 13 pocket gopher species endemic to M&#233;xico live in the TMVB biogeographic province&#44; where high levels of endemism have been observed in many different animal and plant groups &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240">Ramamoorthy et al&#46;&#44; 1993</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300">Strattersfield et al&#46;&#44; 1998</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190">Luna et al&#46;&#44; 2007</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The following accounts present the current status of each of the 8 pocket gopher species listed by the Mexican government&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Zygogeomys trichopus</span> &#40;the Michoac&#225;n pocket gopher&#41;&#44; endemic monotypic genus&#44; is listed as &#8220;protected&#8221; by the Mexican government and &#8220;endangered&#8221; by the IUCN&#46; Once an abundant species&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Z&#46; trichopus</span> now has a very limited and fragmented distribution &#40;less than 5 000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>km<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41; in the mountains of Michoac&#225;n&#46; Reduction of the range of this species is believed to result from a combination of agricultural encroachment and elimination of the forest buffer separating <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Z&#46; trichopus</span> from its lower-elevation competitor&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys fumosus</span> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115">Hafner and Barkley&#44; 1984</a>&#41;&#46; The planting of vast orchards of avocado &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Persea americana</span>&#41; trees near known populations of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Z&#46; trichopus</span> over the past 30 years has had an unknown impact on the pocket gophers&#46; MSH and DJH visited 1 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Z&#46; trichopus</span> locality on the side of Mt&#46; Tanc&#237;taro in 1993 and noted abundant gopher activity in nearby avocado orchards&#46; Studies of the continuing effects of agricultural encroachment and deforestation are critically needed to ensure the future of this endemic genus&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Geomys tropicalis</span> &#40;the tropical pocket gopher&#41;&#44; endemic species&#44; is listed as &#8220;threatened&#8221; by the Mexican government and &#8220;critically endangered&#8221; by the IUCN&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Geomys tropicalis</span> is restricted to a tiny region &#40;&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>km<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41; near the town of Altamira&#44; Tamaulipas&#46; Only small fragments of suitable pocket gopher habitat were found in the vicinity of Altamira in 1993 &#40;MSH&#44; personal observation&#41;&#46; This species is&#44; indeed&#44; critically endangered&#44; and studies of the density and distribution of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; tropicalis</span> populations are urgently needed to protect it from extinction&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Geomys arenarius</span> &#40;the desert pocket gopher&#41; is not listed by the Mexican government but is listed as<a name="p581"></a> &#8220;near threatened&#8221; by the IUCN&#46; We have observed that this species is still widespread in south-central New M&#233;xico &#40;DJH&#44; personal observation&#41; but its dependence on sandy bottomlands subject to grazing and prolonged fire suppression may soon pose the threat of extinction&#46; Populations are reportedly dense along the Rio Grande in southern New Mexico and in the vicinity of El Paso&#44; Texas &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#44; but prolonged periods of warming and drying threatens their continued existence&#46; The species is known in M&#233;xico only along the R&#237;o Grande &#40;&#61; R&#237;o Bravo&#41; in the vicinity of J&#250;arez&#44; Chihuahua&#44; and the nearby Samalayuca sand dunes &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Anderson&#44; 1972</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">Ceballos and Oliva&#44; 2005</a>&#41;&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">Ceballos and Navarro &#40;1991&#41;</a> considered these populations to be endangered based on their limited distribution in which they have suffered from overgrazing&#44; industrial development&#44; and urban growth&#46; Populations in the Samalayuca dunes are afforded protection in a 632<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>km<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> portion of the dune field that was declared a Natural Protected Area by the Mexican government in 2009&#46; The status of populations of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; arenarius</span> in northern Chihuahua should be investigated to ascertain the level of risk faced by these populations&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Geomys personatus personatus</span> &#40;the Texas pocket gopher&#41;&#44; subspecies of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; personatus</span>&#44; occurs along the coast of northern Tamaulipas and is listed as &#8220;threatened&#8221; by the Mexican government&#46; Hafner et al&#46; &#40;1989&#41; considered <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; personatus</span> to be &#8220;Lower Risk&#44; near threatened&#8221; based on its restricted distribution in southern Texas and adjacent Tamaulipas&#44; and 3 subspecies &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; p&#46; fuscus&#44; G&#46; p&#46; maritimus</span>&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; p&#46; streckeri</span>&#41; to be threatened based on their restricted distributions in Texas&#46; Although <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; personatus</span> is not currently listed by the IUCN&#44; the report on this species states that at least 3 subspecies of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; personatus</span>&#44; including the Mexican subspecies&#44; are threatened by continued habitat loss within their restricted ranges &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#46; Given the extremely limited distribution of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; p&#46; personatus</span> in northern Tamaulipas and its dependence on loose&#44; sandy soil that is being used for agricultural purposes&#44; its continued listing by the Mexican government is appropriate&#46; As with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; arenarius</span><a name="p583"></a> in northern Chihuahua&#44; the status of populations of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; personatus</span> in northern Chihuahua should be investigated to ascertain the level of risk faced by these populations&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Pappogeomys bulleri alcorni</span> &#40;Alcorn&#39;s pocket gopher&#41;&#44; endemic subspecies&#44; is listed as &#8220;protected&#8221; by the Mexican government and &#8220;critically endangered&#8221; by the IUCN&#46; It occurs in a small region near the town of Mazamitla&#44; Michoac&#225;n&#44; where it comes into contact &#40;or near contact&#41; with the much larger and behaviorally dominant <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys fumosus</span>&#46; As with other threatened or endangered species of pocket gophers&#44; the major threats to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P&#46; b&#46; alcorni</span> are fragmentation of its habitat for agricultural use&#44; habitat loss through deforestation&#44; and targeted killing by farmers&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065">Demastes <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; &#40;2002&#41;</a> trapped in agricultural fields near the type locality and captured only <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; fumosus</span>&#46; In a more recent visit to this region &#40;2009&#41;&#44; specimens of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P&#46; b&#46; alcorni</span> were absent in agricultural fields but were abundant in the forested hillsides near the type locality &#40;MSH and DJH&#44; personal observation&#41;&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P&#46; b&#46; alcorni</span>&#44; unlike most pocket gophers&#44; appears to be a forest specialist &#40;as are the other subspecies of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P&#46; bulleri&#59;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 2009</a>&#41; and may be more widespread in this region than previously thought&#46; A survey of the status of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P&#46; b&#46; alcorni</span> populations in the forests near its type locality may lead to reevaluate its risk status&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys fumosus neglectus</span> &#40;the Quer&#233;taro pocket gopher&#41;&#44; endemic subspecies of pocket gopher&#44; is listed as &#8220;threatened&#8221; by the Mexican government &#40;as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; neglectus</span>&#41;&#44; but is not listed by the IUCN because it is a subspecies of a widespread species &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; fumosus</span>&#41; that is relatively common throughout its range &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner&#44; et al&#46;&#44; 2004</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#46; The IUCN account for <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; fumosus</span>&#44; however&#44; refers to the subspecies <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">neglectus</span> and states that the isolated population in Quer&#233;taro is at risk&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys fumosus neglectus</span> is known from a very restricted area near the towns of Pinal de Amoles and La Ca&#241;ada&#44; Quer&#233;taro&#44; and although it is often locally abundant where it occurs &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170">Le&#243;n et al&#46;&#44; 2001</a>&#41;&#44; its restricted distribution may necessitate continued protection by the Mexican government&#46; A survey of the status of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; f&#46; neglectus</span> populations in the mountains surrounding its type locality is needed to clarify its current risk status&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys fumosus fumosus</span> &#40;the smoky pocket gopher&#41;&#44; as with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; f&#46; neglectus</span> &#40;see preceding account&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; f&#46; fumosus</span> is listed as &#8220;threatened&#8221; by the Mexican government &#40;as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; fumosus</span>&#41;&#44; but is not listed by the IUCN because it is a subspecies of a widespread species that is not threatened over most of its range&#46; However&#44; the IUCN report for <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; fumosus</span> refers to the subspecies <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">fumosus</span> and states that populations of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; fumosus</span> in the state of Colima are at risk&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al&#46; &#40;2004&#41;</a> used molecular evidence to show that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; f&#46; fumosus</span> is much more widespread in M&#233;xico that previously thought &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">Hall&#44; 1981</a>&#41;&#46; Rather than being restricted to the vicinity of Colima city&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; f&#46; fumosus</span> is patchily distributed over much of western Michoac&#225;n and the eastern slopes of the Sierra Madre del Sur in Jalisco and Colima &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 2004</a>&#41;&#46; Where it occurs&#44; populations of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; f&#46; fumosus</span> appear to be in good condition &#40;MSH&#44; personal observation&#41;&#44; so continued listing of this subspecies by the Mexican government probably is unnecessary&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Orthogeomys lanius</span> &#40;the big pocket gopher&#41;&#44; endemic species of pocket gopher&#44; is listed as &#8220;threatened&#8221; by the Mexican government and &#8220;critically endangered&#8221; by the IUCN&#46; Prior to 2013&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; lanius</span> was known only from the type locality of Xuchil&#44; Veracruz&#44; where it was originally collected in 1904&#46; However&#44; the species was recently rediscovered in central Veracruz by M&#46; S&#46; Hafner&#44; D&#46; J&#46; Hafner&#44; and E&#46; E&#46; Gonz&#225;les &#40;manuscript in preparation&#41; and mitochondrial DNA sampled from the newly discovered individuals is nearly identical to DNA extracted from the skin of 1 of the 109-year-old specimens&#46; Phylogenetic analyses show <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; lanius</span> to be a valid species sister to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; hispidus</span>&#46; Observations in the field suggest that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; lanius</span> is reasonably abundant in a roughly 1 000 km<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> region of central Veracruz&#44; where it persists in forested refugia often too steep and rugged for cultivation by humans&#46; The actual distribution and abundance of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; lanius</span> should be investigated through fieldwork in the area of its type locality&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Orthogeomys cuniculus</span> &#40;the Oaxacan pocket gopher&#41;&#44; endemic pocket gopher&#44; is listed as &#8220;threatened&#8221; by the Mexican government but &#8220;data deficient&#8221; by the IUCN&#46; Recent molecular evidence based on DNA extracted from the skin of a paratype of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; cuniculus</span> shows this taxon to be nested phylogenetically within specimens of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; grandis</span> &#40;M&#46; S&#46; Hafner&#44; unpublished data&#41;&#46; In January 2010&#44; we found abundant pocket gophers activity in the vicinity of the type locality of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; cuniculus</span> &#40;Zanatepec&#44; Oaxaca&#59; MSH and DJH&#44; personal observation&#41;&#44; therefore&#44; if future research confirms that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; cuniculus</span> is a junior synonym of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; grandis</span>&#44; then there is no need to list this population of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; grandis</span> as threatened or endangered&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Family Heteromyidae</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The rodents of nocturnal nature&#44; mostly in sparsely populated desert regions&#44; results in their generally being regarded as &#8220;mice&#44;&#8221; although most people in rural communities recognize the &#8220;rata canguro&#8221; &#40;local name in spanish&#41; based on a hopping&#44; long-tailed rodent caught in a light at night&#46; If regarded at all&#44; most heteromyid rodents are generally considered pests in a wasteland&#46; As species that are tightly adapted to the North American regional deserts&#44; however&#44; the arid-adapted heteromyid rodents signal the state of health and threats to these unique biotic zones&#44; the richest cores of which occur<a name="p584"></a> in M&#233;xico&#46; Similarly&#44; because of their ability to survive on arid islands along the Pacific coast and in the Gulf of California&#44; the status of heteromyid rodents reflects the impacts of human-induced threats including exotic plant and animal introductions and habitat depletion&#46; Moreover&#44; the long evolutionary history of heteromyid rodents&#44; particularly of the genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus</span> in North American regional deserts has made them exceptional taxa in which to reconstruct the dynamic geological and biogeographic history of regional deserts &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Fern&#225;ndez et al&#46;&#44; 2012</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090">Hafner and Riddle&#44; 2011</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220">Neiswenter and Riddle&#44; 2010</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0255">Riddle and Hafner&#44; 2006a&#44;b</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265">Riddle et al&#46;&#44; 2000a&#44;b</a>&#41;&#46; Similarly&#44; phylogeographic studies of the genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Heteromys</span>&#44; spanning the Central American land bridge between North America and South America&#44; should provide additional detail to the biogeographic history of that region&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">M&#233;xico is the center of diversity for heteromyid rodents and since most of the members of this family are arid-adapted&#44; it is not surprising that their highest diversity occurs in the deserts &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#44; where our trapping efforts have shown that a single trap-line sampling local microhabitats often will yield 2 species of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys</span>&#44; 2&#8211;3 species of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus</span>&#44; and 1 species of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Perognathus</span> &#40;DJH&#44; personal observation&#41;&#46; More than 50&#37; of Heteromyid rodents in M&#233;xico inhabit only 1 biogeographic province with a few widespread species&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In general&#44; agricultural conversion of desert habitat poses the greatest threat to heteromyid species&#44; whereas the majority of threatened subspecies occur on small desert islands off the Pacific coast and in the Gulf of California&#44; where they have been subjected to a variety of human-induced threats&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Species of conservation concern</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As summarized by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle &#40;2005&#41;</a>&#44; desert regions of North America have disappeared at an alarming rate in the face of agricultural conversion and urban expansion&#46; In the United States&#44; the San Joaquin Valley of California with its 22 endemic species and subspecies of arid-adapted mammals had suffered 98&#37; conversion to agriculture by 1976 &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305">Williams and Kilburn&#44; 1992</a>&#41;&#44; while the Mojave Desert&#44; Pacific coastal sage desert&#44; and the northern periphery of the Sonoran Desert have retreated in face of explosive expansion and related agricultural conversion of Los Angeles &#40;California&#41;&#44; Las Vegas &#40;Nevada&#41;&#44; and Phoenix &#40;Arizona&#41;&#46; In M&#233;xico&#44; agricultural conversion has caused the probable extinction of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; gravipes</span> in the coastal sage desert of northern Baja California&#44; and threatens the fog-desert Magdalena Plains of the Baja California Peninsula&#39;s Cape Region &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; dalquesti</span>&#41;&#44; the coastal thorn-scrub desert of Sinaloa and Nayarit &#40;C&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">goldmani</span>&#41;&#44; desert grassland habitat of the Mexican Plateau &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; spectabilis</span>&#41;&#44; and the Oriental Basin of Puebla&#44; Tlaxcala&#44; and Veracruz &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; phillipsii</span>&#41;&#46; Elsewhere in M&#233;xico&#44; entire tracts of native desert have disappeared under agricultural conversion &#40;the Altiplano of Zacatecas&#44; Desierto Mayr&#225;n of Coahuila&#41;&#46; In Sonora&#44; the core region of the Sonoran Desert is severely threatened by the simultaneous targeted removal of mesquite woodland &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle&#44; 2005</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150">Hoffmeister&#44; 1986</a>&#41; and the more insidious and widespread introduction of buffelgrass &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Pennisetum ciliare</span>&#41;&#44; which competes with native plants and promotes disastrous wildfires &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020">Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum&#44; 2012</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080">Hafner&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#46; In addition to restricting already limited distributions of some species&#44; the twin threats of agricultural conversion and urban expansion have destroyed areas of contact between species and faunas&#46; For example&#44; the Mexicali-El Centro-Yuma-San Luis development area has nearly eradicated a region in northern Baja California where the Mojave&#44; Sonoran&#44; and Peninsular regional deserts intermix&#44; including contact of 9 species of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus</span>&#46; On a more local level&#44; we &#40;DJH&#44; personal observation&#41; revisited in 2005 a site of contact between <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; dalquesti</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; arenarius</span> on the Magdalena Plains near Insurgentes&#44; Baja California Sur that we had first detected in 1999&#46; Six years later&#44; heavy equipment was plowing under desert for new agricultural fields within a few kilometers of this formerly remote&#44; undisturbed site&#46;</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Three other species are considered to be of conservation concern because of their restricted distributions&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; lineatus</span> &#40;southwestern San Luis Potos&#237; and southeastern Zacatecas&#41;&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">H&#46; nelsoni</span> &#40;southern Chiapas and western Guatemala&#41;&#59; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">L&#46; spectabilis</span> &#40;southeastern Jalisco&#41;&#46; Specific threats to any of the 3 restricted regions are not known&#46; The validity of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; lineatus</span> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Dalquest&#44; 1951</a>&#41; has been questioned &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310">Williams et al&#46;&#44; 1993</a>&#41; because of its similarity to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; nelsoni</span> &#40;with which it is supposedly sympatric&#41;&#44; subtle distinguishing characteristics &#40;color and texture of pelage&#44; variable characters associated with age and molt&#41;&#44; and inability of subsequent workers to capture specimens clearly referable to the species&#46; Nowhere else in the distribution of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus</span> are 2 coarse-haired members of the genus widely sympatric&#44; and genetic samples gathered from known localities have rendered only <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; nelsoni</span> &#40;DJH&#44; personal observation&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Subspecies of conservation concern</span><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There are 23 out of 27 subspecies considered to be of conservation concern are restricted to islands near the Pacific coast or in the Gulf of California &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46; These populations&#44; many of which previously were considered as species distinct from their mainland counterparts&#44; have been subjected to a variety of human-induced impacts&#44; including introduction of non-native predators and competitors &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; cats&#44; goats&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Rattus&#44; Mus</span>&#41;&#44; introduction of congeneric competitors from the mainland&#44; habitat modification &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; clearing of ironwood&#59; introduction of iceplant&#41;&#44; and direct poisoning campaigns<a name="p585"></a> &#40;summarized in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle&#44; 2005</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165">Lawlor et al&#46;&#44; 2002</a>&#41;&#46; Native mammals are known from 36 islands&#44; based largely on a single &#40;or rarely a few&#41; trapping efforts during the first half of the twentieth century&#46; Subsequent resampling efforts during the last 50 years have generally been at the same accessible sites&#44; and 14 of the native forms are considered to be extinct&#44; possibly extinct&#44; or in danger of extinction &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle&#44; 2005</a>&#41;&#46; As noted by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle&#44; 2005</a>&#58;239&#41;&#44; &#8220;Species may be disappearing that have never been detected&#46;&#8221; More extensive and intensive sampling is necessary to confirm extinction and provide baseline data with which to evaluate future change&#44; including introduction of mainland forms from both natural over-water dispersal &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; rafting&#41; or human-related activities &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; transport on fishing vessels&#41;&#46; Although many of the islands are included in the Islas del Golfo de California natural protected area &#40;<a id="intr0005" class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.conanp.gob.mx">http&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;conanp&#46;gob&#46;mx</a>&#41;&#44; 4 of the larger islands are privately or communally owned &#40;Tibur&#243;n&#44; del Carmen&#44; Cerralvo&#44; and San Jos&#233;&#41;&#46; Adverse human impact associated with increased tourism &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; development&#59; introduction of exotic species&#41; likely will increase with government-backed projects such as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Escalera N&#225;utica</span>&#44; a chain of 22 marinas &#40;10 existing&#44; 12 new&#41; around the Baja California Peninsula &#40;<a id="intr0010" class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://bajaquest.com/escaleranautica/">http&#58;&#47;&#47;bajaquest&#46;com&#47;escaleranautica&#47;</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Bolet&#237;n Oficial del Gobierno del Estado de Baja California Sur&#44; 2000</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Hafner and Riddle 2005</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Three other subspecies of conservation concern&#44; all subspecies of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; phillipsii</span>&#44; are restricted to the southeastern peripheral deserts of eastern TMVB &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Fern&#225;ndez et al&#46;&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#44; which are subjected to extensive agricultural conversion&#46; A molecular analysis by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Fern&#225;ndez et al&#46; &#40;2012&#41;</a> recognized a northern clade of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; phillipsi</span> &#40;formerly <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; p&#46; ornatus</span>&#41; to be specifically distinct&#46; The remaining subspecies of conservation concern&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P&#46; a&#46; amplus</span> &#40;previously <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P&#46; a&#46; rotundus</span>&#41;&#44; enjoys an extensive distribution in Arizona and only marginally occurs across the border in M&#233;xico&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Suggested modifications to conservation priorities</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Amori and Gippoliti &#40;2003&#41;</a> have emphasized the importance of considering taxonomic rank in rodent conservation&#44; and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">Amori et al&#46; &#40;2011&#41;</a> have supported the generally accepted importance of biodiversity hotspots &#40;regions of high species diversity&#41; in setting conservation priorities&#46; From the perspective of rodent conservation&#44; we argue instead for a habitat-based approach that focuses on the conservation of functional ecosystems&#44; as advocated by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Hafner et al&#46; &#40;1998&#41;</a>&#46; Although we agree that endangered genera &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; the endangered&#44; endemic genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Zygogeomys</span>&#41; merit special consideration&#44; the application of species versus subspecific distinction in the case of disjunct isolates &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; island populations&#41; often is subjective&#46; Similarly&#44; emphasis on biodiversity hotspots may misdirect conservation efforts&#44; as hotspots often indicate regions of contact between adjoining biotas and as such may represent peripheral&#44; and potentially ephemeral&#44; habitats for both biotas&#46; The ubiquitous nature of rodents&#44; and the often close matching between a taxon and a specific habitat&#44; makes them ideal as indicators of habitat and ecosystem health&#44; and as early warnings of adverse impact&#46; An ecosystem approach would consider first&#44; the number and diversity of threatened taxa &#40;regardless of taxonomic rank&#41; in a particular habitat&#44; and only then prioritize based on taxonomic rank and degree of threat&#46; It is likely that an ecosystem with a variety of threatened rodents is likely to contain a variety of other living organisms that also are threatened&#46; Because of limited funds&#44; conservation agencies are forced to make pragmatic decisions about conservation priorities&#44; and we argue that those funds should be targeted on preservation of functional ecosystems under the greatest threat&#44; rather than on individual species&#46;</p><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Following these guidelines&#44; we would suggest the following modifications to the list of threatened geomyid and heteromyid rodents of M&#233;xico&#46; No taxon with a limited distribution in M&#233;xico but with a widespread distribution elsewhere should be included &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P&#46; a&#46; amplus</span>&#41;&#46; Protected status should be accorded to threatened populations and subspecies&#44; just as it is to threatened species &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; all threatened island forms&#41;&#44; and protected status should be restricted to only those subspecies or populations that actually are threatened&#44; rather than to the entire species &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; s&#46; cratodon</span> in the Chihuahuan Desert&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; s&#46; intermedius</span> of the Sonoran Desert&#44; instead of the entire species&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; spectabilis</span>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In addition to protecting taxa that currently are threatened&#44; it remains necessary to adopt a proactive approach to mitigate adverse human impact before it results in a threatened status for species&#46; Probably the most difficult task facing rodent conservation efforts in M&#233;xico is the common perception of a uniform&#44; widespread rodent community over extensive areas&#44; which cannot seriously be threatened by human impact&#46; Thus&#44; the Oriental Basin of the eastern TMVB has been reduced to marginal&#44; peripheral pockets of a formerly widespread arid-adapted community&#44; with at least 4 threatened rodent species &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D&#46; phillipsii&#44; Neotoma nelsoni&#44; Peromyscus bullatus&#44; and Xerospermophilus perotensis</span>&#41;&#44; while the vast Sonoran Desert region of Sonora and the Sinaloan thorn-scrub are being dramatically altered by active habitat conversion and introduced exotics&#46; Surveys of indicators of these broad arid regions &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Peromyscus merriami</span> in the mesquite forests of the Sonoran Desert&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; goldmani</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Neotoma phenax</span> in the Sinaloan thorn-scrub&#41; are necessary to assess the impact of current human-mitigated threats to each region&#46; As sensitive indicators of habitat health<a name="p586"></a> and as important components of the food chain of most terrestrial ecosystems&#44; rodents can provide those critical early warnings of adverse human impact to ecosystems&#44; and public education should emphasize these important roles of rodents&#46;</p></span></span></span>"
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          "titulo" => "Introduction"
          "secciones" => array:2 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0010"
              "titulo" => "Family Geomyidae"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
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              "titulo" => "Family Heteromyidae"
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        5 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0020"
          "titulo" => "Materials and methods"
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        6 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0025"
          "titulo" => "Results"
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          "identificador" => "sec0030"
          "titulo" => "Discussion"
          "secciones" => array:5 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0035"
              "titulo" => "Family Geomyidae"
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            1 => array:2 [
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              "titulo" => "Family Heteromyidae"
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            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0045"
              "titulo" => "Species of conservation concern"
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            3 => array:2 [
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              "titulo" => "Subspecies of conservation concern"
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            4 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0055"
              "titulo" => "Suggested modifications to conservation priorities"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        8 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xack119042"
          "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
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        9 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Literature cited"
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      ]
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2013-04-02"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2014-01-10"
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          "palabras" => array:7 [
            0 => "biogeographic distribution"
            1 => "habitat destruction"
            2 => "kangaroo rat"
            3 => "mammal"
            4 => "pocket gopher"
            5 => "pocket mouse"
            6 => "threatened species"
          ]
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          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec382926"
          "palabras" => array:7 [
            0 => "distribuci&#243;n biogeogr&#225;fica"
            1 => "destrucci&#243;n de habitat"
            2 => "rata canguro"
            3 => "mam&#237;fero"
            4 => "tuza"
            5 => "rat&#243;n de abazones"
            6 => "especies amenazadas"
          ]
        ]
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    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mexico is considered a mammal diversity hotspot&#44; and most conservation efforts involving mammals focus on large and charismatic species&#46; Herein&#44; we provide an assessment of the conservation status of species that are often overlooked in conservation programs&#44; Mexican rodents of the families Geomyidae &#40;pocket gophers&#41; and Heteromyidae &#40;pocket mice and kangaroo rats&#41;&#46; Based on distributional maps and recent systematic studies&#44; a taxonomic and biogeographical distributional checklist was made&#46; The conservation lists of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the Mexican Secretar&#237;a de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales were used to identify 8 geomyid species&#44; and 8 species and 27 subspecies of heteromyids as endangered&#46; Major threats to their conservation are change in land use&#44; destruction of habitat and a lack of knowledge about their current distribution and population trends&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">M&#233;xico es una regi&#243;n del mundo con un elevado nivel de diversidad de mam&#237;feros y la mayor&#237;a de los esfuerzos de conservaci&#243;n se concentran en las especies grandes&#44; m&#225;s carism&#225;ticas&#46; Aqu&#237;&#44; proveemos una evaluaci&#243;n del estado de conservaci&#243;n de especies que generalmente no son consideradas&#44; los roedores mexicanos de las familias Geomyidae and Heteromyidae&#46; Basados en mapas de distribuci&#243;n y estudios sistem&#225;ticos recientes&#44; se prepar&#243; una lista taxon&#243;mica y de distribuci&#243;n biogeogr&#225;fica de los roedores ge&#243;midos y heter&#243;midos de M&#233;xico&#46; Las listas de conservaci&#243;n de la Uni&#243;n Internacional para la Conservaci&#243;n de la Naturaleza y la Secretar&#237;a de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales de M&#233;xico se utilizaron para identificar 8 taxa de ge&#243;midos&#44; 8 especies y 27 subespecies de heter&#243;midos en peligro de extinci&#243;n&#46; Las principales amenazas para su conservaci&#243;n son&#58; cambio en el uso de suelo&#44; la destrucci&#243;n del habitat y la falta de conocimiento acerca de su distribuci&#243;n actual y sus tendencias poblacionales&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The distribution of the Family Geomyidae across the continent&#44; based on distribution maps prepared by IUCN &#40;IUCN&#44; 2012&#41;&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Species</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys castanops</span> &#40;Baird&#44; 1852&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys fulvescens</span> Merriam&#44; 1895&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys fumosus</span> &#40;listed as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; neglectus</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> &#91;Merriam&#44; 1902&#93;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">threatened&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SMO&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys fumosus fumosus</span> &#40;listed as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; fumosus</span> &#91;Merriam&#44; 1892&#93;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">threatened&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MP&#44; TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys goldmani</span> Merriam&#44; 1895&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys merriami</span> &#40;Thomas&#44; 1893&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys perotensis</span> Merriam&#44; 1895&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys planiceps</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1895&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Geomys arenarius</span> Merriam&#44; 1895&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">near-threatened&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Geomys personatus maritimus</span> &#40;listed as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">G&#46; personatus</span> True&#44; 1889&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">threatened&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Geomys tropicalis</span> Goldman&#44; 1915&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">threatened&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">critically endangered&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Orthogeomys grandis</span> &#40;listed as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; cuniculus</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Elliot&#44; 1905&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">threatened&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">data deficient&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Orthogeomys grandis</span> &#40;Thomas&#44; 1893&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPA&#44; SMS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Orthogeomys hispidus</span> &#40;Le Conte&#44; 1852&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MGU&#44; YUC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Orthogeomys lanius</span> &#40;Elliot&#44; 1905&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">threatened&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">critically endangered&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MGU&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Pappogeomys bulleri alcorni</span> Russell&#44; 1957&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">protected&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">critically endangered&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thomomys atrovarius</span> J&#46; A&#46; Allen&#44; 1898&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thomomys bottae</span> &#40;Eydoux and Gervais&#44; 1836&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BAJA&#44; CAL&#44; MP&#44; SMOr&#44; SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thomomys nayarensis</span> &#40;Mathis et al&#46; in press&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SMOcc&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thomomys sheldoni</span> Bailey&#44; 1915&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SMOcc&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thomomys umbrinus</span> &#40;Richardson&#44; 1829&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8212;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MP&#44; TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Zygogeomys trichopus</span> Merriam&#44; 1895&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">protected&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">endangered&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => "xTab633732.png"
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          "notaPie" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys neglectus</span> is now a junior synonym of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; fumosus tylorhinus</span> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 2004</a>&#41;&#46;</p>"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Orthogeomys cuniculus</span> is now a junior synonym of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">O&#46; grandis</span> &#40;Hafner et al&#46;&#44; in press&#41;&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribution and conservation status of Mexican mammals of the family Geomyidae&#46; Conservation status in M&#233;xico is based on <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat &#40;2010&#41;</a> and on international basis according to the <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN &#40;2012&#41;</a>&#46; Biogeographic provinces are defined following <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205">Morrone et al&#46; &#40;2005&#41;</a>&#46; The taxonomic list is modified from <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225">Patton &#40;2005a&#41;</a> to include 6 additional pocket gopher species endemic to M&#233;xico &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cratogeomys planiceps</span> &#91;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 2004</a>&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; fulvescens</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; perotensis</span> &#91;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 2005</a>&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thomomys atrovarius</span> &#91;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 2011</a>&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">T&#46; sheldoni</span> &#91;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">Mathis et al&#46;&#44; 2013a</a>&#93;&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">T&#46; nayarensis</span> &#91;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200">Mathis et al&#46;&#44; 2013b</a>&#93;&#41; and excludes 6 endemic taxa now recognized as junior synonyms of other species &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; gymnurus&#44; C&#46; neglectus&#44; C&#46; tylorhinus</span>&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; zinseri</span> &#91;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 2004</a>&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Pappogeomys alcorni</span> &#91;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135">Hafner et al&#46;&#44; 2009</a>&#93;&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Orthogeomys cuniculus</span> &#91;Hafner et al&#46;&#44; in press&#93;&#41;&#46; Biogeographic provinces are&#58; Baja California &#40;BAJA&#41;&#44; California &#40;CAL&#41;&#44; Mexican Plateau &#40;MP&#41;&#44; Mexican Gulf &#40;MGU&#41;&#44; Mexican Pacific Coast &#40;MPA&#41;&#44; Sierra Madre Oriental &#40;SMO&#41;&#44; Sierra Madre Occidental &#40;SMOcc&#41;&#44; Sonora &#40;SON&#41;&#44; Tamaulipas &#40;TAM&#41;&#44; Trans-Mexico Volcanic Belt &#40;TMVB&#41;&#44; and Yucat&#225;n &#40;YUC&#41;</p>"
        ]
      ]
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        "identificador" => "tbl0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:1 [
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Species</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Endemic</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#233;xico listing</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">IUCN listing</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Biogeographic province&#40;s&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus arenarius</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1894&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus arenarius albulus</span> &#40;Nelson and Goldman&#44; 1923&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Magdalena and Estero Salinas of adjacent mainland&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus arenarius ammophilus</span> &#40;Osgood&#44; 1907&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Santa Margarita&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus arenarius siccus</span> &#40;Osgood&#44; 1907&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Cerralvo&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus artus</span> &#40;Osgood&#44; 1909&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPa&#44; SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus baileyi</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1894&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus baileyi insularis</span> Townsend&#44; 1912&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">P&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SON&#40;Isla Tibur&#243;n&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus californicus</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1889&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">CAL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus dalquesti</span> &#40;Roth&#44; 1976&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Pr&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Vulnerable B1ab &#40;iii&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus eremicus</span> &#40;Mearns&#44; 1898&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus fallax</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1889&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC&#44; CAL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus fallax anthonyi</span> &#40;Osgood&#44; 1900&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Cedros&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus formosus</span> Merriam&#44; 1889&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus goldmani</span> &#40;Osgood&#44; 1900&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Near threatened&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus hispidus</span> &#40;Baird&#44; 1858&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&#44; SMOc&#44; TAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus intermedius</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1889&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&#44; SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus intermedius minimus</span> &#40;Burt&#44; 1932&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SON &#40;Isla D&#225;til&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus lineatus</span> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Dalquest&#44; 1951</a>&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Data deficient&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus nelsoni</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1894&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus penicillatus</span> &#40;Woodhouse&#44; 1852&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus penicillatus seri</span> Nelson&#44; 1912&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SON &#40;Isla Tibur&#243;n&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus pernix</span> &#40;J&#46; A&#46; Allen&#44; 1898&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPa&#44; SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus rudinoris</span> &#40;Elliot&#44; 1903&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus rudinoris fornicautus</span> Burt&#44; 1932&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">P&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Montserrat&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1889&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus bryanti</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1894&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">P&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla San Jos&#233;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus evermanni</span> &#40;Nelson and Goldman&#44; 1929&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">E&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Mej&#237;a&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus guardiae</span> Burt&#44; 1932&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Angel de la Guarda&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus lambi</span> Benson&#44; 1930&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Esp&#237;ritu Santo&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus latijugularis</span> Burt&#44; 1932&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">P&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla San Francisco&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus lorenzi</span> Banks&#44; 1967&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla San Lorenzo Norte and Isla San Lorenzo Sur&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus magdalenae</span> Osgood&#44; 1907&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Magdalena&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus marcosensis</span> Burt&#44; 1932&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla San Marcos&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus margaritae</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1894&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Santa Margarita&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus occultus</span> Nelson&#44; 1912&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Carmen&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus pullus</span> Burt&#44; 1932&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Coronados&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetodipus spinatus seorus</span> Burt&#44; 1932&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Danzante&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys compactus</span> True&#44; 1889&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys deserti</span> Stephens&#44; 1887&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys gravipes</span> Huey&#44; 1925&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">E&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Critically Endangered D&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys merriami</span> Mearns&#44; 1890&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC&#44; MPl&#44; SON&#44; TAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys merriami insularis</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1907&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">P&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Critically Endangered B1 ab&#40;iii&#44;v&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla San Jos&#233;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="center" valign="middle"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a name="p582"></a></p></li></ul></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys merriami margaritae</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1907&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">P&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Critically Endangered B1 ab&#40;v&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC &#40;Isla Santa Margarita&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys merriami mitchelli</span> &#40;Mearns&#44; 1897&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SON &#40;Isla Tibur&#243;n&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys nelsoni</span> Merriam&#44; 1907&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MP1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys ordii</span> Woodhouse&#44; 1853&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&#44; TAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys ornatus</span> Merriam&#44; 1894&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys phillipsii</span> Gray&#44; 1841&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Pr&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys phillipsii oaxacae</span> Hooper&#44; 1947&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys phillipsii perotensis</span> &#40;Merriam&#44; 1894&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys phillipsii phillipsii</span> Gray&#44; 1841&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys simulans</span> Merriam&#44; 1904&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC&#44; CAL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys spectabilis</span> Merriam&#44; 1890&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Near Threatened&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MP1&#44; SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Heteromys desmarestianus</span> Gray&#44; 1868&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">CHI&#44; MPa&#44; YUC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Heteromys gaumeri</span> J&#46; A&#46; Allen and Chapman&#44; 1897&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">YUC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Heteromys nelsoni</span> Merriam&#44; 1902&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Pr&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Endangered B1 ab&#40;i&#44;ii&#44;iii&#44;v&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">CHI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Liomys irroratus</span> &#40;Gray&#44; 1868&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&#44; TAM&#44; SMor&#44; TMVB&#44; SMOc&#44; SMS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Liomys pictus</span> &#40;Thomas&#44; 1893&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BAL&#44; MGu&#44; MPa&#44; SON&#44; TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Liomys salvini</span> &#40;Thomas&#44; 1893&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPa&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Liomys spectabilis</span> Genoways&#44; 1971&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Pr&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Endangered B1 ab&#40;iii&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Perognathus amplus</span> Osgood&#44; 1900&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Perognathus amplus amplus</span> Osgood&#44; 1900&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">Pr&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Perognathus flavescens</span> Merriam&#44; 1889&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Perognathus flavus</span> Baird&#44; 1855&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&#44; SON&#44; TMVB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Perognathus longimembris</span> &#40;Coues&#44; 1875&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">BC&#44; CAL&#44; SON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="middle"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Perognathus merriami</span> J&#46; A&#46; Allen&#44; 1892&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">no&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="middle">MPl&#44; TAM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab633733.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribution and conservation status of Mexican mammals of the family Heteromyidae&#46; Conservation status in M&#233;xico is based on <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290">Semarnat &#40;2010&#41;</a> and on international basis according to the <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">IUCN &#40;2012&#41;</a>&#46; Biogeographic provinces are defined following Morrone et al&#46; &#40;2005&#41;&#46; The taxonomic list is modified from <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">Patton &#40;2005b&#41;</a> to include 1 additional species endemic to M&#233;xico &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dipodomys ornatus</span>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Fern&#225;ndez et al&#46;&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#46; Biogeographic provinces are&#58; Baja California &#40;BAJA&#41;&#44; California &#40;CAL&#41;&#44; Mexican Plateau &#40;MP&#41;&#44; Mexican Gulf &#40;MGU&#41;&#44; Mexican Pacific Coast &#40;MPA&#41;&#44; Sierra Madre Oriental &#40;SMO&#41;&#44; Sierra Madre Occidental &#40;SMOcc&#41;&#44; Sonora &#40;SON&#41;&#44; Tamaulipas &#40;TAM&#41;&#44; Trans-M&#233;xico Volcanic Belt &#40;TMVB&#41;&#44; and Yucat&#225;n &#40;YUC&#41;</p>"
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Article information

ISSN: 18703453
Original language: English

DOI:10.7550/rmb.36710

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2021 December	20	16	36
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2021 July	14	10	24
2021 June	12	5	17
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2019 December	13	3	16
2019 November	10	4	14
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2019 September	9	7	16
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2018 April	6	10	16
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2018 January	3	1	4
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2017 May	11	7	18
2017 April	9	11	20
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2017 January	23	1	24
2016 December	22	3	25
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