Observations on the diet of Crotalus triseriatus (Mexican dusky rattlesnake)
Observaciones sobre la dieta de Crotalus triseriatus (serpiente de cascabel oscura mexicana)
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"Distribución geográfica de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Anotheca spinosa</span> (Anura: Hylidae) en México: nuevo registro para la anfibiofauna de Puebla" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "1285" "paginaFinal" => "1288" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Geographic distribution of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Anotheca spinosa</span> (Anura: Hylidae) in México: new record for the amphibian fauna of Puebla" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figura 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 825 "Ancho" => 973 "Tamanyo" => 179455 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribución geográfica de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Anotheca spinosa</span> en México. Los círculos representan las localidades históricas; los triángulos, los registros recientes desde; los cuadros, los nuevos registros para el estado de Puebla.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Ricardo Luría-Manzano, José Luis Aguilar-López, Luis Canseco-Márquez, María Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Mayén" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ricardo" "apellidos" => "Luría-Manzano" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José" "apellidos" => "Luis Aguilar-López" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Luis" "apellidos" => "Canseco-Márquez" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "María" "apellidos" => "Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Mayén" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1870345314730131?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/18703453/0000008500000004/v1_201504220301/S1870345314730131/v1_201504220301/es/main.assets" ] "en" => array:16 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Observations on the diet of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Crotalus triseriatus</span> (Mexican dusky rattlesnake)" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "1289" "paginaFinal" => "1291" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "autoresLista" => "Estrella Mociño-Deloya, Kirk Setser, Edmundo Pérez-Ramos" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Estrella" "apellidos" => "Mociño-Deloya" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "allertsemoci@yahoo.com" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Kirk" "apellidos" => "Setser" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Edmundo" "apellidos" => "Pérez-Ramos" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Granada. 18071, Granada, Spain" "etiqueta" => "1" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av.Universidad 3000, Circuito Interior S/N, Cuidad Universitaria 70-399, 04510 México, D. F., Mexico" "etiqueta" => "2" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Observaciones sobre la dieta de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Crotalus triseriatus</span> (serpiente de cascabel oscura mexicana)" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Basic information describing the natural history and ecology of most Mexican snakes remains fragmentary, particularly for species endemic to the country. Published descriptions of the diets of many Mexican rattlesnakes are limited by small datasets, and often are based on little more than conjecture and anecdote (e. g., <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Campbell and Lamar, 2004</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">Mociño-Deloya et al., 2008</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">Meik et al., 2012</a>). In the absence of more exhaustive studies, combining information from various published anecdotal accounts can provide a more complete view than can each individual observation or small dataset. Here, we provide data concerning the diet of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus,</span> a small rattlesnake (68.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm total length maximum size recorded; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Klauber, 1997</a>) endemic to México and distributed in the highlands of the Transverse Volcanic Cordillera, from west-central Veracruz westward through parts of Puebla, Tlaxcala, State of México, Morelos, and extreme northern Guerrero to western Michoacán and Jalisco (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015">Flores-Villela and Hernández-García, 1989, 2006</a>; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Campbell and Lamar, 2004</a>). We also summarize previously published observations concerning the diet of this species.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We collected 6 adult and 1 neonate <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus</span> during August-September 2007 and October 2008 in the state of México in the municipalities of Jocotitlán, (19°43' N, 99°46' W, 2 800–3 000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m asl), and Chapa de Mota (19°46' N, 99°35' W, 2 675<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m asl). We encountered most <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus</span> along the margins of crop fields and pastures, often along the interface between areas modified by agricultural use and more natural vegetation. We also examined 2 adult and 2 neonate <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus</span> from the Museo de Zoología de la Facultad de Ciencias (MZFC) which contained prey material.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We obtained the remains of 7 prey items from snakes captured in the field. Most snakes were found in the morning or early afternoon, and were processed the same day they were found. All snakes were anesthetized with isoflurane (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">Setser, 2007</a>), then sexed, measured and weighed. Two snakes spontaneously regurgitated prey items. Prey remains were obtained from the remaining snakes by expressing feces during processing, and by collecting naturally voided feces from snakes while held captive. We preserved fecal samples and regurgitated prey in 96% ethanol for subsequent identification. We obtained 5 individual prey items from 4 preserved specimens; 1 neonate snake contained the remains of 2<a name="p1290"></a> different prey items. We identified lizard remains to the greatest resolution possible using morphological or scale characters. We identified mammalian remains based on microscopic examination of hair (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050">Moore et al., 1974</a>), and by examination of tooth and bone characters (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065">Whorley, 2000</a>).</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In total, we obtained prey remains from 11 snakes (4 females and 7 males). Snakes included 3 neonates and 8 adult or subadult snakes. We found mammal hair and/or bones in 7 samples; 4 of these samples were identified to genus or species, the 3 remaining samples could only be identified as rodents. Two of 3 neonate snakes had eaten lizards. The other neonate had consumed a salamander. In contrast, all mammals were taken by larger snakes (350–608<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm SVL; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In 2 cases we were able to obtain measurements of prey mass, a 28.7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sceloporus torquatus</span> eaten by an adult snake (20.4% of the snake's mass) and a 3.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sceloporus bicantalis</span> consumed by a neonate snake (46.4 % of the snake's mass), other prey items were too digested to allow estimation of their original masses. One snake contained more than 1 prey item, a small (173<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm SVL) neonate male which contained a freshly ingested <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sceloporus scalaris,</span> as well as a second lizard too digested to be identified.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Mammals represented the largest proportion of prey in our sample. Many rattlesnakes frequently eat ectothermic prey when young, but increasingly consume rodents at larger sizes (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Holycross et al., 2002</a>), a pattern also present in our data from <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus.</span> While adult snakes relied more heavily on mammals, we also encountered an adult that had taken a lizard. Although <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Klauber (1997)</a> did not list body length for the snakes he examined, he recorded equal numbers of lizards and mammals by the snakes in his sample, suggesting that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus</span> may continue to consume lizards as adults, as do many small rattlesnakes (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Holycross et al., 2002</a>).</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">An Eastern Cottontail, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sylvilagus floridanus,</span> had been consumed by 1 snake. We were not able to determine<a name="p1291"></a> the age of this prey item; however, because this is a relatively large prey, it is probable that the individual was a juvenile. In a study of a larger rattlesnake from the same region, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Crotalus polystictus</span> was observed to only consume juvenile <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S. floridanus</span> (E. Mociño-Deloya, unpubl. data), and it is unlikely that the smaller <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus</span> takes larger prey than <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. polystictus.</span></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our data, along with previously available data, indicate that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus</span> is a generalist predator which consumes a highly diverse diet. Although prey records remain scant, this species is known to consume small rodents, pups of larger mammals, lizards, snakes, amphibians, insects and centipedes (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>). The latter 4 prey categories are uncommon prey for rattlesnakes (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Campbell and Lamar, 2004</a>) and highlight the diversity of prey taken by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus.</span> The consumption of a variety of arthropods, reported by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Klauber (1997)</a>, is notable as vertebrate eating snakes seldom include insects in their diet (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Campbell and Lamar, 2004</a>). Furthermore, it may be inferred that this species likely forages both by day, when lizards are active, and at dusk or night, when many rodents are most active. Similarly, although we assume that like most rattlesnakes (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Campbell and Lamar, 2004</a>), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus</span> primarily encounters prey through ambush foraging, the consumption of an Eastern Cottontail pup and a snake presumed to have been ingested as carrion (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">Mociño-Deloya and Setser, 2009</a>) indicates that it may opportunistically forage actively.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Museum specimens: MZFC 7595, 11382, 11383, 19744.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We thank Semarnat, and in particular F. Sánchez, for providing necessary permits (SGPA/DGVS/06843/07) to EMD. We also thank C. Setser, and D. Setser for providing logistical assistance. We thank Oscar Flores Villela for loan of MZFC specimens.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2014-01-15" "fechaAceptado" => "2014-06-15" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec501897" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "feeding ecology" 1 => "Mexico" 2 => "rattlesnakes" 3 => "Viperidae" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec501898" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "ecología de la alimentación" 1 => "México" 2 => "serpientes de cascabel" 3 => "Viperidae" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Observations on the diet of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Crotalus triseriatus</span> (Mexican dusky rattlesnake) from central México are reported. We recovered the remains of 12 individual prey items from 11 different snakes. Prey included 7 rodents, 4 lizards and 1 salamander. These observations reinforce that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus</span> consumes a diverse diet and utilizes varied foraging strategies.</p></span>" ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se registran observaciones sobre la dieta de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Crotalus triseriatus</span> (serpiente de cascabel oscura mexicana) en el centro de México. Recuperamos 12 diferentes presas provenientes de 11 serpientes. Las presas incluyen 7 roedores, 4 lagartijas y 1 salamandra. Nuestras observaciones sugieren que <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C. triseriatus</span> tiene una dieta diversa y presenta hábitos alimenticios variados.</p></span>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Prey</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SVL (mm)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Locality</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Source</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Mammals \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Microtus mexicanus</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">608 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Jocotitlán, México \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Neotomodon alstoni</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Morelos \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">Davis and Smith (1953)</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Peromyscus spp</span>.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">390 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Jocotitlán, México \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Peromyscus spp</span>.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">496 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Jocotitlán, México \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sylvilagus floridanus</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">505 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Jocotitlán, México \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">rodent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">350 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Minatitlán, Colima \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">rodent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">362 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Zoquiapan, Puebla \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">rodent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Jocotitlán, México \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">mammals \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">13 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Klauber (1997)</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Reptiles \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Crotalus triseriatus</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">480 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">San José del Rincón, México \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">Mociño-Deloya and Setser, 2009</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sceloporus bicantalis</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">188 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Chapa de Mota, México \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sceloporus grammicus</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Distrito Federal \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Uribe-Peña et al., 1999</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sceloporus scalaris</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">173 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Calimaya, México \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sceloporus torquatus</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">516 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Jocotitlán, México \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">skink \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Klauber (1997)</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">lizard<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">173 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Calimaya, México \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">lizards \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Klauber (1997)</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Amphibians \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Pseudoeurycea spp.</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">163 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Tepoztlán, Morelos \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">this study \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">salamander \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Klauber (1997)</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">frog \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top">Morelos \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">Davis and Smith (1953)</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Arthropods \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">arthropods<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="center" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Klauber (1997)</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab757998.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Prey remains were either <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Peromyscus maniculatus</span> or <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P. melanotis</span>.</p>" ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Consumed by the same snake.</p>" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0015" "etiqueta" => "3" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Arthropods consumed included a beetle, a cricket, a Mormon cricket and a centipede.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Prey items of Mexican dusky rattlesnakes <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">(Crotalus triseriatus)</span> from this study and the literature. Snake snout-vent length (SVL, in mm), sample number (N) and locality are given when available</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Literature cited" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:13 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "Campbell and Lamar, 2004" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J.A. Campbell" 1 => "W.W. Lamar" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:5 [ "titulo" => "The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere" "fecha" => "2004" "paginaInicial" => "870" "editorial" => "Cornell University Press" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Ithaca" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "Davis and Smith, 1953" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Snakes of the Mexican state of Morelos" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "W.B. Davis" 1 => "H.M. Smith" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Herpetologica" "fecha" => "1953" "volumen" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "133" "paginaFinal" => "143" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "Flores-Villela and Hernández-García, 1989" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "New state records from northern Guerrero, México" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "O. Flores-Villela" 1 => "E. Hernández-García" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Herpetological Review" "fecha" => "1989" "volumen" => "20" "paginaInicial" => "15" "paginaFinal" => "16" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0022534713054712" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00225347" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "Flores-Villela and Hernández-García, 2006" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Herpetofauna de la sierra de Taxco, Guerrero-Estado de México" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "O. Flores-Villela" 1 => "E. 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Schwalbe" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Journal of Herpetology" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "36" "paginaInicial" => "589" "paginaFinal" => "597" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "Klauber, 1997" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "L.M. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2024 October | 14 | 1 | 15 |
| 2024 September | 25 | 0 | 25 |
| 2024 August | 28 | 5 | 33 |
| 2024 July | 21 | 3 | 24 |
| 2024 June | 15 | 3 | 18 |
| 2024 May | 19 | 0 | 19 |
| 2024 April | 10 | 2 | 12 |
| 2024 March | 16 | 7 | 23 |
| 2024 February | 27 | 5 | 32 |
| 2024 January | 30 | 7 | 37 |
| 2023 December | 20 | 6 | 26 |
| 2023 November | 21 | 9 | 30 |
| 2023 October | 57 | 6 | 63 |
| 2023 September | 24 | 1 | 25 |
| 2023 August | 21 | 2 | 23 |
| 2023 July | 25 | 5 | 30 |
| 2023 June | 31 | 1 | 32 |
| 2023 May | 31 | 2 | 33 |
| 2023 April | 15 | 0 | 15 |
| 2023 March | 29 | 4 | 33 |
| 2023 February | 23 | 1 | 24 |
| 2023 January | 23 | 6 | 29 |
| 2022 December | 17 | 4 | 21 |
| 2022 November | 18 | 6 | 24 |
| 2022 October | 18 | 8 | 26 |
| 2022 September | 19 | 7 | 26 |
| 2022 August | 22 | 8 | 30 |
| 2022 July | 16 | 5 | 21 |
| 2022 June | 9 | 7 | 16 |
| 2022 May | 9 | 5 | 14 |
| 2022 April | 17 | 12 | 29 |
| 2022 March | 12 | 8 | 20 |
| 2022 February | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2022 January | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2021 December | 7 | 8 | 15 |
| 2021 November | 8 | 7 | 15 |
| 2021 October | 17 | 11 | 28 |
| 2021 September | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2021 August | 11 | 6 | 17 |
| 2021 July | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| 2021 June | 8 | 7 | 15 |
| 2021 May | 10 | 8 | 18 |
| 2021 April | 14 | 8 | 22 |
| 2021 March | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 2021 February | 10 | 6 | 16 |
| 2021 January | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2020 December | 1 | 5 | 6 |
| 2020 November | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| 2020 October | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| 2020 September | 6 | 2 | 8 |
| 2020 August | 5 | 2 | 7 |
| 2020 July | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| 2020 June | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| 2020 May | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| 2020 April | 7 | 3 | 10 |
| 2020 March | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| 2020 February | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| 2020 January | 7 | 3 | 10 |
| 2019 December | 7 | 3 | 10 |
| 2019 November | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| 2019 October | 5 | 2 | 7 |
| 2019 September | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2019 August | 7 | 2 | 9 |
| 2019 July | 12 | 8 | 20 |
| 2019 June | 27 | 8 | 35 |
| 2019 May | 61 | 24 | 85 |
| 2019 April | 6 | 9 | 15 |
| 2019 March | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 2019 February | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| 2019 January | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| 2018 December | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 2018 November | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2018 October | 3 | 12 | 15 |
| 2018 September | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2018 August | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2018 July | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2018 June | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2018 May | 1 | 5 | 6 |
| 2018 April | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2018 March | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 2018 February | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2018 January | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2017 December | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2017 November | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2017 October | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2017 September | 1 | 8 | 9 |
| 2017 August | 3 | 14 | 17 |
| 2017 July | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2017 June | 7 | 25 | 32 |
| 2017 May | 3 | 16 | 19 |
| 2017 April | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2017 March | 7 | 57 | 64 |
| 2017 February | 13 | 7 | 20 |
| 2017 January | 10 | 3 | 13 |
| 2016 December | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2016 November | 12 | 4 | 16 |
| 2016 October | 14 | 5 | 19 |
| 2016 September | 11 | 6 | 17 |
| 2016 August | 9 | 10 | 19 |
| 2016 July | 6 | 1 | 7 |
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