New species of waterbear Minibiotus pentannulatus (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae) from Colombia

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(1) Wings; (2) terminalia, ventral view; (3) terminalia, dorsal view; (4) terminalia, lateral views. Abbreviations: Aed: aedeagus; Gst: gonostylus; Proc: central processus; Sla: sternal lateral appendages; S9: sternite 9; Tla: tergal lateral appendages; T9: tergite 9." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Pablo Pessacq, Guillermo Omad, Peter H. Kerr, Cristian Pardo" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Pablo" "apellidos" => "Pessacq" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Guillermo" "apellidos" => "Omad" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Peter H." 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"titulo" => "Parasitic nematodes of three species of wild carnivore mammals from Atlantic forest in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "801" "paginaFinal" => "806" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Nemátodos parásitos de tres especies de mamíferos carnívoros silvestres del bosque atlántico en el estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Fabiano Matos Vieira, Luís Claudio Muniz-Pereira, Sueli de Souza-Lima, Bárbara Marun Rocha, José Luis Luque" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fabiano Matos" "apellidos" => "Vieira" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Luís Claudio" "apellidos" => "Muniz-Pereira" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Sueli" "apellidos" => "de Souza-Lima" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Bárbara Marun" "apellidos" => "Rocha" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José Luis" "apellidos" => "Luque" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1870345317302117?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/18703453/0000008800000004/v1_201712160642/S1870345317302117/v1_201712160642/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:21 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Taxonomy and systematics" "titulo" => "New species of waterbear Minibiotus pentannulatus (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae) from Colombia" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "807" "paginaFinal" => "814" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Rosana Londoño, Anisbeth Daza, Oscar Lisi, Sigmer Quiroga" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Rosana" "apellidos" => "Londoño" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "rosanalondono@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Anisbeth" "apellidos" => "Daza" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Oscar" "apellidos" => "Lisi" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Sigmer" "apellidos" => "Quiroga" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Grupo de Investigación MIKU, Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 Núm. 22-08, Santa Marta D.T.C.H., Colombia" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Sezione di Biologia Animale “Marcello La Greca”, Università di Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Programa de Biología, Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 Núm. 22-08, Santa Marta D.T.C.H., Colombia" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Nueva especie de osito de agua Minibiotus pentannulatus (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae) de Colombia" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1936 "Ancho" => 1400 "Tamanyo" => 345907 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Egg of Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. (A) General view (scale bar 10μm). (B) Detail of the cuticle of the embryo, arrow indicates a multi-lobated pore (scale bar 5μm). (C) Detail of the smooth eggshell and the processes with 5 annulations (scale bar 5μm)." ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "IntroductionThe genus Minibiotus R.O. Schuster, 1980, currently comprises 47 species (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Degma, Bertolani, & Guidetti, 2017</a>). This genus is characterized by the presence of an antero-ventral mouth with 10 peribucal papulae but without lamellae; short, rigid, and narrow buccal tube usually with 2 bends; relative cephalic stylet support insertion point; and an extra thickening on the wall of the buccal tube immediately below the stylet support insertion point (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020">Claxton, 1998; Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2004</a>).In Colombia, tardigrades have been poorly studied. To date, 52 species have been recorded for the country (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015">Caicedo, Londoño, & Quiroga, 2014; Kaczmarek, Michalczyk, & McInnes, 2015; Lisi, Londoño, & Quiroga, 2014; Lisi, Daza, Londoño, & Quiroga, 2017; Londoño, Daza, Caicedo, Quiroga, & Kaczmarek, 2015; Melo, Beltrán-Pardo, Bernal, & Kaczmarek., 2015; Stec, Roszkowska, Kaczmarek, & Michalczyk, 2017</a>), from which only 2 belong to the genus Minibiotus. The genus was recorded for the first time in Colombia, by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">Heinis (1914)</a> with the species Minibiotus intermedius (Plate, 1888) that should be referred to as “sensu lato” according to modern taxonomic achievements. A century later in 2014, Minibiotus cf. pilatus Claxton, 1988 (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">Lisi et al., 2014</a>), was reported in the Department of Magdalena, more precisely in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM). This is an isolated costal mountain with high biological richness of species; 39.6% of the species of tardigrades recorded in Colombia have been found in this region. Herein, we describe the new species Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. from SNSM, Colombia.Materials and methodsA single sample of lichens growing on a tree trunk was collected on March 21st 2015 from El Campano, Department of Magdalena at 1,334masl in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. This sample, included in the framework of the research project “Composición taxonómica de flora y fauna anhidrobiótica en microdoseles de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta” has been legally collected under the permit “Permiso Marco de Recolección de Especímenes de Especies Silvestres de la Diversidad Biológica con fines de investigación científica no comercial”, resolution 1293 (2013), expedited by the Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales (ANLA) granted to the Universidad del Magdalena. The sample was kept in a paper bag, then rehydrated for 48h with bottled water and examined using a Zeiss Stemi DV4 dissecting stereoscope. Tardigrades and eggs were extracted with micropipettes and mounted directly in PVA mounting media (BioQuip #6371A) for examination under a Phase Contrast Microscope (PCM) Zeiss Axiolab A1. Identification, using taxonomic keys, was based on morphological characters. Literature used in the identification included: <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Pilato and Binda (2010)</a> for genus identification, and descriptions of several species (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010">Binda & Pilato, 1992; Claxton, 1998; Meyer & Hinton, 2009; Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2003, 2004; Murray, 1910; Pilato, Binda, & Lisi, 2003; Rossi, Claps, & Ardohain, 2009; Roszkowska, Stec, Ciobanu, & Kaczmarek, 2016</a>).Photos were taken with CCD camera Zeiss AxioCam ERc 5s. All measurements are given in micrometers (μm) and were acquired with the software Zeiss AxioVision SE64. For the description of the new species, measurements of the taxonomically important structures were provided only when they were undamaged and in a suitable position. Buccal tube length was measured according to <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090">Pilato (1981)</a>. Lengths of primary and secondary branches of claws were measured from base to apex, including accessory points. The pt ratio is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the buccal tube, expressed as a percentage (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090">Pilato, 1981</a>). All pt values are in square brackets.The Minibiotus population was composed by specimens between 144μm and 258μm body length. Therefore, the new Minibiotus specimens were assigned to 3 different life stages. The smallest specimens were attributed to the first life stage and correspond to those with buccal tube and claw lengths similar to the embryo inside the egg (about 19μm and 4.5–5μm respectively); these also showed a remarkable arrangement of the star-shaped pores in 8 single transverse rows along the body. The specimens placed in the second life stage were those of intermediate size (approx. 180–203μm). Specimens in this group maintain the 8 single transverse rows of pores still recognizable, but less evident than the first stage specimens due to the presence of some extra pores randomly distributed between the rows. Finally, the third life stage corresponds to the biggest specimens (about 205–258μm), which did not show any trace of the initial arrangement of the pores, being randomly distributed in the entire body.DescriptionClass: Eutardigrada Ritchers, 1926Order: Parachela Schuster, Nelson, Grigarick & Christenberry, 1980Superfamily: Macrobiotoidea Thulin, 1928 in Marley et al. 2011Family: Macrobiotidae Thulin, 1928Genus: Minibiotus R.O. Schuster, 1980Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0005">Figs. 1–3</a>, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>)<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia>Species diagnosis. Eye-spots absent after slide mounting. Body colorless with smooth cuticle, only with a fine granulation on legs IV. Entire cuticle including the legs, with numerous pores variable in shape: rounded, oval, multi-lobated (3–4 tips), and star-shaped (5–6 tips). The rounded and oval are smaller (0.49–1.79μm) than the multi-lobated and star-shaped pores (1.35–2.84μm). The multi-lobated and star-shaped pores are bigger at the cephalic and caudal extremities of the body and on the legs. In the specimens found in early life stages, these pores form 8 transverse single rows, and a cluster of pores in the cephalic and caudal region, on the dorsal and ventral cuticle, which are no longer recognizable in older specimens due to the apparition of other pores among the rows (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>A and B).Teeth in the oral cavity absent or not visible under PCM. Buccal apparatus of the Minibiotus type. Buccal tube with 2 bends which are only evident in lateral view; well-developed ventral lamina, 3 granular macroplacoids and a microplacoid, pharyngeal bulb rounded. Claws of the hufelandi type with well-developed accessory points. Smooth lunules. Eggs laid freely, egg surface smooth, with numerous short conical processes with 5 transverse concentrical ridges appearing as thickened annulations.Description of the holotype: Colorless, body length 206μm, although this measurement should be higher because of the retraction of the mouth (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>A). Without eye-spots after slide mounting. Smooth cuticle with only a fine, and slightly evident granulation on the hind legs. Cuticle covered with numerous pores distributed irregularly, variable in shape and size, rounded, and oval (0.49–1.57μm), and multi-lobated and star-shaped (1.35–2.66μm). The biggest star-shaped pores are more commonly present on the cephalic and caudal extremities of the body, and on the legs. Pores around the mouth seem to be absent.Mouth antero-ventral. Peribuccal papulae are present, peribuccal lamellae absent. Buccopharyngeal apparatus of the Minibiotus type (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>B). Teeth in the oral cavity absent or not visible under PCM. Rigid buccal tube, 27.6μm long and 2.3μm of external width [8.3] with anterior and posterior bends; well-developed ventral lamina 13.1μm [47.5]. Stylet support inserted on the buccal tube at 15.9μm [57.6]. Rounded pharyngeal bulb 32.29μm, with triangular apophyses close to the first row of macroplacoids. Three rows of macroplacoids decreasing in size, with granular appearance and a row of small microplacoids. First macroplacoid 3.0μm [10.9], second macroplacoid 2.5μm [9.1], third macroplacoid 2.1μm [7.6]. Microplacoid, 0.9μm [3.3]. Macroplacoid row is 8.0μm [29.0], entire placoid row is 9.2μm.Claws of hufelandi type. Primary branches with well-developed accessory points (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>C and D). Claw lengths: leg I, external primary branch 6.3μm [22.8]; internal primary branch 6.3μm [22.8], internal secondary branch 4.6μm [16.7]. Leg II, external primary branch 6.3μm [22.8], external secondary branch 4.6μm [16.7]; internal primary branch 6.1μm [22.1]. Leg III, external primary branch 6.1μm [22.1], external secondary branch 4.9μm [17.8]; internal primary branch 6.2μm [22.5]. Leg IV, anterior primary branch 7.5μm [27.2], anterior secondary branch 5.9μm [21.4]; posterior primary branch 7.6μm [27.5], posterior secondary branch 6.0μm [21.7]. Smooth lunules. Cuticular bars present.Egg: only 1 embryonated egg was found (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>B). White, spherical, and laid freely. Diameter 74.5μm (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>A). Processes without reticulation, but with 5 transverse concentrical ridges which appear as thickened annulations. Egg shell among processes smooth (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>C).The measurements of selected morphological structures of the holotype and the ranges within the population are given in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>.Taxonomic summaryMaterial examined: holotype, 37 paratypes, 7 simplex specimens, and 1 egg in PVA mounting media (BioQuip #6371A). All specimens were found in a single sample, which was a mixture of lichens from the genera Hypotrachyna, Heterodermia, and Parmotrema, growing on a tree trunk. Locality: El Campano 11°06′32.2″N, 74°05′31.1″W, 1,334masl, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Department of Magdalena, Colombia.Type repositories: the holotype, paratypes, and egg are deposited in the Centro de Colecciones Biológicas de la Universidad del Magdalena (CBUMAG), Santa Marta, Colombia. Slide numbers: holotype: CBUMAG:TAR:00447; paratypes: CBUMAG:TAR:00437 (6 specimens), TAR:00438 (2 specimens), TAR:00439 (6 specimens), TAR:00440 (5 specimens), TAR:00441 (5 specimens), TAR:00442 (3 specimens), TAR:00443 (1 specimen), TAR:00444 (2 specimens), TAR:00445 (1 specimen), TAR:00446 (3 specimens), TAR:00447 (1 specimen), TAR:00448 (7 specimens), TAR:00449 (2 specimens); egg: CBUMAG:TAR:00450.Etymology: the specific epithet refers to the presence of 5 (penta) rings (annuli) on the egg processes: “pentannulatus”=provided with 5 annuli.Taxonomic remarksThe pt ranges of the placoid lengths appear quite high within a species. However, we would like to emphasize that such small and peculiarly shaped (i.e., typical of Minibiotus species with 3 macroplacoids) placoids were often difficult to measure with total certainty. Additionally, our population was composed of hatchlings and specimens in the second, and most likely third stages. Although allometry was not verified, we cannot exclude the fact that some metric differences were due to allometric growing of structures in the first life stages.Apart of the distribution of the smallest pores, the paratypes showed the same characters of the holotype. The specimens in which the multi-lobated/star-shaped pores formed the 8 transverse single rows, and a cluster of pores in the cephalic (anterior to the row 1) and caudal region (posterior to the row 8) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>A), were those in the first life stage, body length between 144μm and 169μm and/or buccal tube length similar to that of the embryo in the egg. In specimens about 200μm, in the second life stage, the bands are no longer made of a single row of pores and the pattern is less defined. Larger specimens (third life stage) do not show any pattern, having a multi-lobated and star-shaped pores randomly distributed (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>B).The egg of M. pentannulatus sp. nov. is unique not only within the genus Minibiotus but also compared to all eutardigrades. It resembles the eggs of the species Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) digeronimoi<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105">Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2004a</a>, C. (Calcarobiotus) imperialis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Abe & Takeda, 2000</a>, and C. (Discrepunguis) tetrannulatus<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110">Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2004b</a>, because of the presence of annulations on the processes; however, the egg shell of M. pentannulatus sp. nov. is smooth, while in those species it is reticulated (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005">Abe & Takeda, 2000; Pilato, Binda, & Lisi, 2004a, 2004b</a>). Macrobiotus occidentalis striatus<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Dastych, 1974</a>, and Macrobiotus kristenseni<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">Guidetti, Peluffo, Rocha, Cesari & Moly de Peluffo, 2013</a>, also have eggs with annulations on the processes; however, in the first species their bases are surrounded with a wreath of several small points (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Dastych, 1974</a>), and in M. kristenseni the annulation is only visible in SEM.Differential diagnosis by the presence of similar star-shaped pores in the cuticle, this species is most similar to Minibiotus pseudostellarus<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120">Roszkowska, Stec, Ciobanu & Kaczmarek, 2016</a>, Minibiotus constellatus<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075">Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2003</a>, Minibiotus eichhorni<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080">Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2004</a>, Minibiotus sidereus<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100">Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2003</a>, Minibiotus claxtonae<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115">Rossi, Claps & Ardohain, 2009</a> and Minibiotus aculeatus (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Murray, 1910</a>).Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. differs from M. pseudostellarus by having a smaller body size (144–258μm in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. and 241–320μm in M. pseudostellarus), an absence of eye-spots, and the presence of 4 types of pores. In contrast, M. pseudostellarus possesses only 2 types, rounded and pseudo-star shaped. Rounded/oval pores reach bigger sizes (0.49–1.57μm in the holotype of M. pentannulatus sp. nov. and 0.3–0.9μm in the holotype of M. pseudostellarus). Despite the overlapping in the size of the star-shaped pores between the 2 species, the smallest pores of M. pentannulatus sp. nov. are much larger than the smallest M. pseudostellarus (1.35–2.66μm and 0.6–2.5μm, respectively, in the holotypes). Star-shaped pores with 5–6 points are grouped on the cephalic and caudal portion and on the legs, while in M. pseudostellarus, these pores are present only on the legs. Shorter and narrower buccal tube, [7.9–9.3] in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. vs. [10.2–11.6] in M. pseudostellarus, respectively. Level of the stylet support insertion point in a more anterior position (11.4–16.0μm [57.6–61.7] in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. and 16.1–19.3μm [65.6–68.8] in M. pseudostellarus). Macroplacoid length sequence 1>2>3 while in M. pseudostellarus is 3>2≥1. Microplacoid smaller (0.8–1.1μm [3.1–4.5] in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. vs. 1.1–1.5μm [4.5–5.7] in M. pseudostellarus). Macroplacoid row and entire placoid row shorter (4.7–8.3μm [25.1–31.5] and 6.0–9.2μm [29.7–34.6] in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. vs. 8.7–11.0μm [35.5–38.9] and 10.4–13.0μm [42.2–46.2] in M. pseudostellarus, respectively). Slightly smaller claws and cuticular bar absent in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. It was not possible to compare the eggs between these 2 species, because in M. pseudostellarus eggs are unknown.Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. differs from M. constellatus by having the star-shaped pores with up to 6 tips (M. constellatus up to 7) grouped on the cephalic and caudal portion, and on the legs in the new species while in M. constellatus they are distributed randomly, but 2 rows are arranged along the main axis of the body. Fine granulation only present on leg IV while in M. constellatus, it is present on all legs. It was not possible to compare the eggs between these 2 species because there is no information about M. constellatus eggs.Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. differs from M. eichhorni by the absence of eye-spots. Star-shaped pores more common in the new species, with 5–6 tips, while rare in M. eichhorni, in which they are mostly trilobated and quadrilobated, and with no more than 5 tips. In the new species, the multi-lobated and star shaped pores are distributed on the cephalic and caudal extremities of the body, and in 8 transverse rows in juveniles (randomly in subsequent life stages), while in M. eichhorni those pores are arranged on the dorsal cuticle in 6 transverse bands as well as on the cephalic and caudal part of the body. However, the number of ‘stars’ rises on the caudal extremity. Stylet support insertion point more anteriorly (11.4–16.0μm [57.6–61.7] in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. and 16.2–23.8μm [65.4–70.6] in M. eichhorni). Macroplacoid length sequence 1>2>3, while in M. eichhorni it is 1>3>2. Microplacoid smaller (0.8–1.1μm [3.1–4.5] in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. vs. 1.1–1.9μm [4.6–6.1] in M. eichhorni). Macroplacoid row and placoid row shorter (4.7–8.3μm [25.1–31.5] and 6.0–9.2μm [29.7–34.6] vs. 7.6–12.8μm [29.3–39.7] and 9.0–14.3μm [36.2–44.1] in M. eichhorni, respectively). Smaller claws on all pairs of legs (e.g., claw I primary branch [21.3–24.8] in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. vs. [25.9–31.0] in M. eichhorni). Fine granulation only present on leg IV whereas in M. eichhorni it is present on all legs. It was not possible to compare the eggs between these 2 species because the eggs of M. eichhorni have not been described.Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. differs from M. sidereus by the absence of eye-spots. Multi-lobated and star-shaped pores with 3–6 tips (3–8 tips in M. sidereus). Multi-lobated and star-shaped pores distributed randomly (except from the first life stage); in M. sidereus the star-shaped pores are absent in the intersegmental folds and form transversal bands. The largest star-shaped pores in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. are smaller, up to 2.8μm, while in M. sidereus they are up to 3.9μm. They are grouped on the cephalic and caudal portion and on all the legs while in M. sidereus the large pores are present on the head and legs, and the largest are present on the IV pair of legs. Buccal tube wider (1.5–2.4μm [7.9–9.3] in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. and 1.0–1.7μm [4.7–6.4] in M. sidereus). Macroplacoid length sequence 1>2>3, whereas M. sidereus 1>3>2. Egg without filaments on their tips (longer conical, sharpened, with a flexible terminal portion rarely bifurcate in M. sidereus). Shorter processes (up to 4.9μm in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. and 9.5μm in M. sidereus) with smaller basal width (up to 4.5μm in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. and 5.3μm in M. sidereus). Different type and number of annulations on the processes (5 annulations in M. pentannulatus sp. nov.which are actually protruding ridges and 6–7 in M. sidereus which are weakly outlined folds appearing as dark lines).Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. differs from M. claxtonae by the absence of eye-spots. Rounded/oval pores may be above 1μm in diameter (nearly 1μm in M. claxtonae). In the new species the pores are randomly distributed in adult specimens; unlike in M. claxtonae the pores form 10 transverse bands and specifically the star-shaped are aligned in longitudinal rows. Fine granulation only present on pair leg IV (on all legs in M. claxtonae). Macroplacoid length with sequence 1>2>3, while 3>1>2 in M. claxtonae. Smaller eggs (74.2μm in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. and 82–86μm in M. claxtonae, including the processes) with more processes (circumference 27 and hemisphere 147 in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. vs. circumference ca. 22 and hemisphere nearly 62 in M. claxtonae). Trunco-conical processes (egg cup shape in M. claxtonae), smaller (4.6–4.9μm in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. and 7μm in M. claxtonae) and narrower in the base (4.1–4.5μm in M. pentannulatus sp. nov. and ca. 5μm in M. claxtonae).Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. differs from M. aculeatus by the absence of eye-spots. Without processes or appendices over cuticle (with 2–6 soft conical dorsal processes in pairs on the segments over II-IV pairs of legs in M. aculeatus). Teeth in the oral cavity present in M. aculeatus. Eggs with trunco-conical processes while in M. aculeatus they have slender conical processes with flexible points." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:9 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres956574" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec928025" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres956575" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec928026" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Description" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Taxonomic summary" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Taxonomic remarks" ] ] ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack323926" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" ] 8 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Références" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2016-12-14" "fechaAceptado" => "2017-05-17" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec928025" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Biodiversity" 1 => "Magdalena" 2 => "Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta" 3 => "Tardigrades" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec928026" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Biodiversidad" 1 => "Magdalena" 2 => "Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta" 3 => "Tardígrados" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "The new species Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov., is described from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. It differs from the other species of the genus by star-shaped pores, the presence of a peculiar egg with a smooth shell, and small conical processes with 5 annulations. Other differences include the distribution and size of the pores, and other morphometric details regarding the size of the body and buccal tube, and the pt of the stylet support insertion point, macroplacoids and claws. To date, the genus Minibiotus R.O. Schuster, 1980, comprises 48 species, including the species described here." ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "Se describe la nueva especie Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov., proveniente de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Ésta difiere de las otras especies del género por los poros en forma de estrella, la presencia de huevos característicos con cáscara lisa y procesos cónicos con 5 anillos. Otras diferencias incluyen la distribución y talla de los poros y otros detalles morfométricos. Hasta la fecha, el género Minibiotus R.O. Schuster, 1980, comprende 48 especies, incluyendo la especie aquí descrita." ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "nota" => "Peer Review under the responsibility of Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México." ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1485 "Ancho" => 1400 "Tamanyo" => 191348 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Holotype of Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. (A) Habitus (scale bar 20μm). (B) Detail of the buccal tube (scale bar 10μm). (C) Detail of the claws of the second pair of legs (scale bar 5μm). (D) Detail of the claws of the fourth pair of legs (scale bar 5μm)." ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1936 "Ancho" => 1400 "Tamanyo" => 345907 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Egg of Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov. (A) General view (scale bar 10μm). (B) Detail of the cuticle of the embryo, arrow indicates a multi-lobated pore (scale bar 5μm). (C) Detail of the smooth eggshell and the processes with 5 annulations (scale bar 5μm)." ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1262 "Ancho" => 1417 "Tamanyo" => 207867 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "(A) Juvenile in the first stage of life, showing the pattern of 8 bands of pores on its cuticle (scale bar 20μm). Arrows indicate the cluster of pores in the cephalic (anterior to the row 1) and caudal region (posterior to the row 8). (B) Specimen in third life stage showing the pores scattered on the cuticle." ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Character \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">N \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="6" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Range</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">SD</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Holotype</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">μm</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">pt</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">μm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">pt \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">μm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">pt \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">μm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">pt \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Body length \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">144 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">258 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">214 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">29 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">206 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top">Buccopharyngeal tube</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Buccal tube length \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Stylet support insertion point \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">57.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">61.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">60.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">57.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Buccal tube external width \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Buccal tube internal width \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Ventral lamina length \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">46.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">52.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">49.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">47.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top">Placoid lengths</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Macroplacoid 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Macroplacoid 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Macroplacoid 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Microplacoid \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Macroplacoid row \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">31.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">29.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Placoid row \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">29.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">34.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">31.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top">Claw 1 lengths</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">External primary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">24.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">External secondary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">? \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">? \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Internal primary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Internal secondary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top">Claw 2 lengths</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">External primary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">26.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">24.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">External secondary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Internal primary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">26.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">24.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Internal secondary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">? \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">? \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top">Claw 3 lengths</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">External primary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">26.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">24.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">External secondary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Internal primary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">24.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Internal secondary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">? \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">? \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top">Claw 4 lengths</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Anterior primary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">26.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">29.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Anterior secondary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Posterior primary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Posterior secondary branch \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1620913.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Measurements and pt values of selected morphological structures of the holotype and paratypes of Minibiotus pentannulatus sp. nov." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Références" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:25 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "Abe and Takeda, 2000" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A new Calcarobiotus (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae) from the Imperial Palace of Japan" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "W. Abe" 1 => "M. Takeda" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Zoological Science" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "17" "paginaInicial" => "259" "paginaFinal" => "263" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "Binda and Pilato, 1992" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Minibiotus furcatus, nuova posizione sistematica per Macrobiotus furcatus Ehrenberg, 1859, e descrizione di due nuove specie (Eutardigrada)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "M. Binda" 1 => "G. Pilato" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Animalia" "fecha" => "1992" "volumen" => "19" "paginaInicial" => "111" "paginaFinal" => "120" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "Caicedo et al., 2014" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Catálogo taxonómico de los ositos de agua (Tardigrada) de la cuenca baja de los ríos Manzanares y Gaira, Santa Marta Colombia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Caicedo" 1 => "R. Londoño" 2 => "S. 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Claxton" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Record of Australian Museum" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "50" "paginaInicial" => "125" "paginaFinal" => "160" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "Dastych, 1974" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "North Korean Tardigrada" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "H. Dastych" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia" "fecha" => "1974" "volumen" => "19" "paginaInicial" => "125" "paginaFinal" => "146" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "Degma et al., 2017" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "comentario" => "Available from http://www.tardigrada.modena.unimo.it/miscellanea/Actual%20checklist%20of%20Tardigrada.pdf Accessed 03.10.17" "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Actual checklist of Tardigrada species (2009–2017, 31th Edition: 15-09-2017)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "P. Degma" 1 => "R. Bertolani" 2 => "R. 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Taxonomy and systematics

Nueva especie de osito de agua Minibiotus pentannulatus (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae) de Colombia

Rosana Londoñoa,

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rosanalondono@gmail.com

Corresponding author.

, Anisbeth Dazaa, Oscar Lisib, Sigmer Quirogac

a Grupo de Investigación MIKU, Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 Núm. 22-08, Santa Marta D.T.C.H., Colombia

b Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Sezione di Biologia Animale “Marcello La Greca”, Università di Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy

c Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Programa de Biología, Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 Núm. 22-08, Santa Marta D.T.C.H., Colombia

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    "titulo" => "New species of waterbear <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> &#40;Tardigrada&#58; Macrobiotidae&#41; from Colombia"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Egg of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; &#40;A&#41; General view &#40;scale bar 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; &#40;B&#41; Detail of the cuticle of the embryo&#44; arrow indicates a multi-lobated pore &#40;scale bar 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; &#40;C&#41; Detail of the smooth eggshell and the processes with 5 annulations &#40;scale bar 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> R&#46;O&#46; Schuster&#44; 1980&#44; currently comprises 47 species &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Degma&#44; Bertolani&#44; &#38; Guidetti&#44; 2017</a>&#41;&#46; This genus is characterized by the presence of an antero-ventral mouth with 10 peribucal papulae but without lamellae&#59; short&#44; rigid&#44; and narrow buccal tube usually with 2 bends&#59; relative cephalic stylet support insertion point&#59; and an extra thickening on the wall of the buccal tube immediately below the stylet support insertion point &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020">Claxton&#44; 1998&#59; Michalczyk &#38; Kaczmarek&#44; 2004</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In Colombia&#44; tardigrades have been poorly studied&#46; To date&#44; 52 species have been recorded for the country &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015">Caicedo&#44; Londo&#241;o&#44; &#38; Quiroga&#44; 2014&#59; Kaczmarek&#44; Michalczyk&#44; &#38; McInnes&#44; 2015&#59; Lisi&#44; Londo&#241;o&#44; &#38; Quiroga&#44; 2014&#59; Lisi&#44; Daza&#44; Londo&#241;o&#44; &#38; Quiroga&#44; 2017&#59; Londo&#241;o&#44; Daza&#44; Caicedo&#44; Quiroga&#44; &#38; Kaczmarek&#44; 2015&#59; Melo&#44; Beltr&#225;n-Pardo&#44; Bernal&#44; &#38; Kaczmarek&#46;&#44; 2015&#59; Stec&#44; Roszkowska&#44; Kaczmarek&#44; &#38; Michalczyk&#44; 2017</a>&#41;&#44; from which only 2 belong to the genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span>&#46; The genus was recorded for the first time in Colombia&#44; by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">Heinis &#40;1914&#41;</a> with the species <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus intermedius</span> &#40;Plate&#44; 1888&#41; that should be referred to as &#8220;sensu lato&#8221; according to modern taxonomic achievements&#46; A century later in 2014&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> cf&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pilatus</span> Claxton&#44; 1988 &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">Lisi et al&#46;&#44; 2014</a>&#41;&#44; was reported in the Department of Magdalena&#44; more precisely in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta &#40;SNSM&#41;&#46; This is an isolated costal mountain with high biological richness of species&#59; 39&#46;6&#37; of the species of tardigrades recorded in Colombia have been found in this region&#46; Herein&#44; we describe the new species <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; from SNSM&#44; Colombia&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Materials and methods</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A single sample of lichens growing on a tree trunk was collected on March 21st 2015 from El Campano&#44; Department of Magdalena at 1&#44;334<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>asl in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta&#46; This sample&#44; included in the framework of the research project &#8220;Composici&#243;n taxon&#243;mica de flora y fauna anhidrobi&#243;tica en microdoseles de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta&#8221; has been legally collected under the permit &#8220;Permiso Marco de Recolecci&#243;n de Espec&#237;menes de Especies Silvestres de la Diversidad Biol&#243;gica con fines de investigaci&#243;n cient&#237;fica no comercial&#8221;&#44; resolution 1293 &#40;2013&#41;&#44; expedited by the Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales &#40;ANLA&#41; granted to the Universidad del Magdalena&#46; The sample was kept in a paper bag&#44; then rehydrated for 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h with bottled water and examined using a Zeiss Stemi DV4 dissecting stereoscope&#46; Tardigrades and eggs were extracted with micropipettes and mounted directly in PVA mounting media &#40;BioQuip &#35;6371A&#41; for examination under a Phase Contrast Microscope &#40;PCM&#41; Zeiss Axiolab A1&#46; Identification&#44; using taxonomic keys&#44; was based on morphological characters&#46; Literature used in the identification included&#58; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Pilato and Binda &#40;2010&#41;</a> for genus identification&#44; and descriptions of several species &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010">Binda &#38; Pilato&#44; 1992&#59; Claxton&#44; 1998&#59; Meyer &#38; Hinton&#44; 2009&#59; Michalczyk &#38; Kaczmarek&#44; 2003&#44; 2004&#59; Murray&#44; 1910&#59; Pilato&#44; Binda&#44; &#38; Lisi&#44; 2003&#59; Rossi&#44; Claps&#44; &#38; Ardohain&#44; 2009&#59; Roszkowska&#44; Stec&#44; Ciobanu&#44; &#38; Kaczmarek&#44; 2016</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Photos were taken with CCD camera Zeiss AxioCam ERc 5s&#46; All measurements are given in micrometers &#40;&#956;m&#41; and were acquired with the software Zeiss AxioVision SE64&#46; For the description of the new species&#44; measurements of the taxonomically important structures were provided only when they were undamaged and in a suitable position&#46; Buccal tube length was measured according to <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090">Pilato &#40;1981&#41;</a>&#46; Lengths of primary and secondary branches of claws were measured from base to apex&#44; including accessory points&#46; The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pt</span> ratio is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the buccal tube&#44; expressed as a percentage &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090">Pilato&#44; 1981</a>&#41;&#46; All <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pt</span> values are in square brackets&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> population was composed by specimens between 144<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m and 258<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m body length&#46; Therefore&#44; the new <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> specimens were assigned to 3 different life stages&#46; The smallest specimens were attributed to the first life stage and correspond to those with buccal tube and claw lengths similar to the embryo inside the egg &#40;about 19<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m and 4&#46;5&#8211;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m respectively&#41;&#59; these also showed a remarkable arrangement of the star-shaped pores in 8 single transverse rows along the body&#46; The specimens placed in the second life stage were those of intermediate size &#40;approx&#46; 180&#8211;203<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; Specimens in this group maintain the 8 single transverse rows of pores still recognizable&#44; but less evident than the first stage specimens due to the presence of some extra pores randomly distributed between the rows&#46; Finally&#44; the third life stage corresponds to the biggest specimens &#40;about 205&#8211;258<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#44; which did not show any trace of the initial arrangement of the pores&#44; being randomly distributed in the entire body&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Description</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Class&#58; Eutardigrada Ritchers&#44; 1926</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Order&#58; Parachela Schuster&#44; Nelson&#44; Grigarick &#38; Christenberry&#44; 1980</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Superfamily&#58; Macrobiotoidea Thulin&#44; 1928 in Marley et al&#46; 2011</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Family&#58; Macrobiotidae Thulin&#44; 1928</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Genus&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> R&#46;O&#46; Schuster&#44; 1980</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0005">Figs&#46; 1&#8211;3</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Species diagnosis</span>&#46; Eye-spots absent after slide mounting&#46; Body colorless with smooth cuticle&#44; only with a fine granulation on legs IV&#46; Entire cuticle including the legs&#44; with numerous pores variable in shape&#58; rounded&#44; oval&#44; multi-lobated &#40;3&#8211;4 tips&#41;&#44; and star-shaped &#40;5&#8211;6 tips&#41;&#46; The rounded and oval are smaller &#40;0&#46;49&#8211;1&#46;79<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41; than the multi-lobated and star-shaped pores &#40;1&#46;35&#8211;2&#46;84<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; The multi-lobated and star-shaped pores are bigger at the cephalic and caudal extremities of the body and on the legs&#46; In the specimens found in early life stages&#44; these pores form 8 transverse single rows&#44; and a cluster of pores in the cephalic and caudal region&#44; on the dorsal and ventral cuticle&#44; which are no longer recognizable in older specimens due to the apparition of other pores among the rows &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig&#46; 3</a>A and B&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Teeth in the oral cavity absent or not visible under PCM&#46; Buccal apparatus of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> type&#46; Buccal tube with 2 bends which are only evident in lateral view&#59; well-developed ventral lamina&#44; 3 granular macroplacoids and a microplacoid&#44; pharyngeal bulb rounded&#46; Claws of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">hufelandi</span> type with well-developed accessory points&#46; Smooth lunules&#46; Eggs laid freely&#44; egg surface smooth&#44; with numerous short conical processes with 5 transverse concentrical ridges appearing as thickened annulations&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Description of the holotype</span>&#58; Colorless&#44; body length 206<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#44; although this measurement should be higher because of the retraction of the mouth &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41;&#46; Without eye-spots after slide mounting&#46; Smooth cuticle with only a fine&#44; and slightly evident granulation on the hind legs&#46; Cuticle covered with numerous pores distributed irregularly&#44; variable in shape and size&#44; rounded&#44; and oval &#40;0&#46;49&#8211;1&#46;57<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#44; and multi-lobated and star-shaped &#40;1&#46;35&#8211;2&#46;66<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; The biggest star-shaped pores are more commonly present on the cephalic and caudal extremities of the body&#44; and on the legs&#46; Pores around the mouth seem to be absent&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Mouth antero-ventral&#46; Peribuccal papulae are present&#44; peribuccal lamellae absent&#46; Buccopharyngeal apparatus of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> type &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>B&#41;&#46; Teeth in the oral cavity absent or not visible under PCM&#46; Rigid buccal tube&#44; 27&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m long and 2&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m of external width &#91;8&#46;3&#93; with anterior and posterior bends&#59; well-developed ventral lamina 13&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;47&#46;5&#93;&#46; Stylet support inserted on the buccal tube at 15&#46;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;57&#46;6&#93;&#46; Rounded pharyngeal bulb 32&#46;29<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#44; with triangular apophyses close to the first row of macroplacoids&#46; Three rows of macroplacoids decreasing in size&#44; with granular appearance and a row of small microplacoids&#46; First macroplacoid 3&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;10&#46;9&#93;&#44; second macroplacoid 2&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;9&#46;1&#93;&#44; third macroplacoid 2&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;7&#46;6&#93;&#46; Microplacoid&#44; 0&#46;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;3&#46;3&#93;&#46; Macroplacoid row is 8&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;29&#46;0&#93;&#44; entire placoid row is 9&#46;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Claws of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">hufelandi</span> type&#46; Primary branches with well-developed accessory points &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>C and D&#41;&#46; Claw lengths&#58; leg I&#44; external primary branch 6&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;22&#46;8&#93;&#59; internal primary branch 6&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;22&#46;8&#93;&#44; internal secondary branch 4&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;16&#46;7&#93;&#46; Leg II&#44; external primary branch 6&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;22&#46;8&#93;&#44; external secondary branch 4&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;16&#46;7&#93;&#59; internal primary branch 6&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;22&#46;1&#93;&#46; Leg III&#44; external primary branch 6&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;22&#46;1&#93;&#44; external secondary branch 4&#46;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;17&#46;8&#93;&#59; internal primary branch 6&#46;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;22&#46;5&#93;&#46; Leg IV&#44; anterior primary branch 7&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;27&#46;2&#93;&#44; anterior secondary branch 5&#46;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;21&#46;4&#93;&#59; posterior primary branch 7&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;27&#46;5&#93;&#44; posterior secondary branch 6&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;21&#46;7&#93;&#46; Smooth lunules&#46; Cuticular bars present&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Egg&#58; only 1 embryonated egg was found &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>B&#41;&#46; White&#44; spherical&#44; and laid freely&#46; Diameter 74&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>A&#41;&#46; Processes without reticulation&#44; but with 5 transverse concentrical ridges which appear as thickened annulations&#46; Egg shell among processes smooth &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>C&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The measurements of selected morphological structures of the holotype and the ranges within the population are given in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#46;</p><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Taxonomic summary</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Material examined&#58;</span> holotype&#44; 37 paratypes&#44; 7 simplex specimens&#44; and 1 egg in PVA mounting media &#40;BioQuip &#35;6371A&#41;&#46; All specimens were found in a single sample&#44; which was a mixture of lichens from the genera <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hypotrachyna</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Heterodermia</span>&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Parmotrema</span>&#44; growing on a tree trunk&#46; Locality&#58; El Campano 11&#176;06&#8242;32&#46;2&#8243;N&#44; 74&#176;05&#8242;31&#46;1&#8243;W&#44; 1&#44;334<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>asl&#44; Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta&#44; Department of Magdalena&#44; Colombia&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Type repositories</span>&#58; the holotype&#44; paratypes&#44; and egg are deposited in the Centro de Colecciones Biol&#243;gicas de la Universidad del Magdalena &#40;CBUMAG&#41;&#44; Santa Marta&#44; Colombia&#46; Slide numbers&#58; holotype&#58; CBUMAG&#58;TAR&#58;00447&#59; paratypes&#58; CBUMAG&#58;TAR&#58;00437 &#40;6 specimens&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00438 &#40;2 specimens&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00439 &#40;6 specimens&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00440 &#40;5 specimens&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00441 &#40;5 specimens&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00442 &#40;3 specimens&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00443 &#40;1 specimen&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00444 &#40;2 specimens&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00445 &#40;1 specimen&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00446 &#40;3 specimens&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00447 &#40;1 specimen&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00448 &#40;7 specimens&#41;&#44; TAR&#58;00449 &#40;2 specimens&#41;&#59; egg&#58; CBUMAG&#58;TAR&#58;00450&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Etymology</span>&#58; the specific epithet refers to the presence of 5 &#40;penta&#41; rings &#40;annuli&#41; on the egg processes&#58; &#8220;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pentannulatus</span>&#8221;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>provided with 5 annuli&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Taxonomic remarks</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pt</span> ranges of the placoid lengths appear quite high within a species&#46; However&#44; we would like to emphasize that such small and peculiarly shaped &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; typical of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> species with 3 macroplacoids&#41; placoids were often difficult to measure with total certainty&#46; Additionally&#44; our population was composed of hatchlings and specimens in the second&#44; and most likely third stages&#46; Although allometry was not verified&#44; we cannot exclude the fact that some metric differences were due to allometric growing of structures in the first life stages&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Apart of the distribution of the smallest pores&#44; the paratypes showed the same characters of the holotype&#46; The specimens in which the multi-lobated&#47;star-shaped pores formed the 8 transverse single rows&#44; and a cluster of pores in the cephalic &#40;anterior to the row 1&#41; and caudal region &#40;posterior to the row 8&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig&#46; 3</a>A&#41;&#44; were those in the first life stage&#44; body length between 144<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m and 169<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m and&#47;or buccal tube length similar to that of the embryo in the egg&#46; In specimens about 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#44; in the second life stage&#44; the bands are no longer made of a single row of pores and the pattern is less defined&#46; Larger specimens &#40;third life stage&#41; do not show any pattern&#44; having a multi-lobated and star-shaped pores randomly distributed &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig&#46; 3</a>B&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The egg of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; is unique not only within the genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> but also compared to all eutardigrades&#46; It resembles the eggs of the species <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Calcarobiotus</span> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Calcarobiotus</span>&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">digeronimoi</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105">Pilato&#44; Binda &#38; Lisi&#44; 2004a</a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C</span>&#46; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Calcarobiotus</span>&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">imperialis</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Abe &#38; Takeda&#44; 2000</a>&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C</span>&#46; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Discrepunguis</span>&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">tetrannulatus</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110">Pilato&#44; Binda &#38; Lisi&#44; 2004b</a>&#44; because of the presence of annulations on the processes&#59; however&#44; the egg shell of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; is smooth&#44; while in those species it is reticulated &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005">Abe &#38; Takeda&#44; 2000&#59; Pilato&#44; Binda&#44; &#38; Lisi&#44; 2004a&#44; 2004b</a>&#41;&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Macrobiotus occidentalis striatus</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Dastych&#44; 1974</a>&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Macrobiotus kristenseni</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">Guidetti&#44; Peluffo&#44; Rocha&#44; Cesari &#38; Moly de Peluffo&#44; 2013</a>&#44; also have eggs with annulations on the processes&#59; however&#44; in the first species their bases are surrounded with a wreath of several small points &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Dastych&#44; 1974</a>&#41;&#44; and in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; kristenseni</span> the annulation is only visible in SEM&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Differential diagnosis by the presence of similar star-shaped pores in the cuticle&#44; this species is most similar to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pseudostellarus</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120">Roszkowska&#44; Stec&#44; Ciobanu &#38; Kaczmarek&#44; 2016</a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus constellatus</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075">Michalczyk &#38; Kaczmarek&#44; 2003</a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus eichhorni</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080">Michalczyk &#38; Kaczmarek&#44; 2004</a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus sidereus</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100">Pilato&#44; Binda &#38; Lisi&#44; 2003</a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus claxtonae</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115">Rossi&#44; Claps &#38; Ardohain&#44; 2009</a> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus aculeatus</span> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Murray&#44; 1910</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; differs from <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span> by having a smaller body size &#40;144&#8211;258<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; and 241&#8211;320<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span>&#41;&#44; an absence of eye-spots&#44; and the presence of 4 types of pores&#46; In contrast&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span> possesses only 2 types&#44; rounded and pseudo-star shaped&#46; Rounded&#47;oval pores reach bigger sizes &#40;0&#46;49&#8211;1&#46;57<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in the holotype of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; and 0&#46;3&#8211;0&#46;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in the holotype of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span>&#41;&#46; Despite the overlapping in the size of the star-shaped pores between the 2 species&#44; the smallest pores of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; are much larger than the smallest <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span> &#40;1&#46;35&#8211;2&#46;66<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m and 0&#46;6&#8211;2&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#44; respectively&#44; in the holotypes&#41;&#46; Star-shaped pores with 5&#8211;6 points are grouped on the cephalic and caudal portion and on the legs&#44; while in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span>&#44; these pores are present only on the legs&#46; Shorter and narrower buccal tube&#44; &#91;7&#46;9&#8211;9&#46;3&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; vs&#46; &#91;10&#46;2&#8211;11&#46;6&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span>&#44; respectively&#46; Level of the stylet support insertion point in a more anterior position &#40;11&#46;4&#8211;16&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;57&#46;6&#8211;61&#46;7&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; and 16&#46;1&#8211;19&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;65&#46;6&#8211;68&#46;8&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span>&#41;&#46; Macroplacoid length sequence 1&#62;2&#62;3 while in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span> is 3&#62;2&#8805;1&#46; Microplacoid smaller &#40;0&#46;8&#8211;1&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;3&#46;1&#8211;4&#46;5&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; vs&#46; 1&#46;1&#8211;1&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;4&#46;5&#8211;5&#46;7&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span>&#41;&#46; Macroplacoid row and entire placoid row shorter &#40;4&#46;7&#8211;8&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;25&#46;1&#8211;31&#46;5&#93; and 6&#46;0&#8211;9&#46;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;29&#46;7&#8211;34&#46;6&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; vs&#46; 8&#46;7&#8211;11&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;35&#46;5&#8211;38&#46;9&#93; and 10&#46;4&#8211;13&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;42&#46;2&#8211;46&#46;2&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span>&#44; respectively&#41;&#46; Slightly smaller claws and cuticular bar absent in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; It was not possible to compare the eggs between these 2 species&#44; because in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pseudostellarus</span> eggs are unknown&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; differs from <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; constellatus</span> by having the star-shaped pores with up to 6 tips &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; constellatus</span> up to 7&#41; grouped on the cephalic and caudal portion&#44; and on the legs in the new species while in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; constellatus</span> they are distributed randomly&#44; but 2 rows are arranged along the main axis of the body&#46; Fine granulation only present on leg IV while in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; constellatus</span>&#44; it is present on all legs&#46; It was not possible to compare the eggs between these 2 species because there is no information about <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; constellatus</span> eggs&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; differs from <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; eichhorni</span> by the absence of eye-spots&#46; Star-shaped pores more common in the new species&#44; with 5&#8211;6 tips&#44; while rare in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; eichhorni</span>&#44; in which they are mostly trilobated and quadrilobated&#44; and with no more than 5 tips&#46; In the new species&#44; the multi-lobated and star shaped pores are distributed on the cephalic and caudal extremities of the body&#44; and in 8 transverse rows in juveniles &#40;randomly in subsequent life stages&#41;&#44; while in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; eichhorni</span> those pores are arranged on the dorsal cuticle in 6 transverse bands as well as on the cephalic and caudal part of the body&#46; However&#44; the number of &#8216;stars&#8217; rises on the caudal extremity&#46; Stylet support insertion point more anteriorly &#40;11&#46;4&#8211;16&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;57&#46;6&#8211;61&#46;7&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; and 16&#46;2&#8211;23&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;65&#46;4&#8211;70&#46;6&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; eichhorni</span>&#41;&#46; Macroplacoid length sequence 1&#62;2&#62;3&#44; while in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; eichhorni</span> it is 1&#62;3&#62;2&#46; Microplacoid smaller &#40;0&#46;8&#8211;1&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;3&#46;1&#8211;4&#46;5&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; vs&#46; 1&#46;1&#8211;1&#46;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;4&#46;6&#8211;6&#46;1&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; eichhorni</span>&#41;&#46; Macroplacoid row and placoid row shorter &#40;4&#46;7&#8211;8&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;25&#46;1&#8211;31&#46;5&#93; and 6&#46;0&#8211;9&#46;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;29&#46;7&#8211;34&#46;6&#93; vs&#46; 7&#46;6&#8211;12&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;29&#46;3&#8211;39&#46;7&#93; and 9&#46;0&#8211;14&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;36&#46;2&#8211;44&#46;1&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; eichhorni</span>&#44; respectively&#41;&#46; Smaller claws on all pairs of legs &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; claw I primary branch &#91;21&#46;3&#8211;24&#46;8&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; vs&#46; &#91;25&#46;9&#8211;31&#46;0&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; eichhorni</span>&#41;&#46; Fine granulation only present on leg IV whereas in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; eichhorni</span> it is present on all legs&#46; It was not possible to compare the eggs between these 2 species because the eggs of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; eichhorni</span> have not been described&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; differs from <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span> by the absence of eye-spots&#46; Multi-lobated and star-shaped pores with 3&#8211;6 tips &#40;3&#8211;8 tips in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span>&#41;&#46; Multi-lobated and star-shaped pores distributed randomly &#40;except from the first life stage&#41;&#59; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span> the star-shaped pores are absent in the intersegmental folds and form transversal bands&#46; The largest star-shaped pores in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; are smaller&#44; up to 2&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#44; while in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span> they are up to 3&#46;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#46; They are grouped on the cephalic and caudal portion and on all the legs while in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span> the large pores are present on the head and legs&#44; and the largest are present on the IV pair of legs&#46; Buccal tube wider &#40;1&#46;5&#8211;2&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;7&#46;9&#8211;9&#46;3&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; and 1&#46;0&#8211;1&#46;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m &#91;4&#46;7&#8211;6&#46;4&#93; in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span>&#41;&#46; Macroplacoid length sequence 1&#62;2&#62;3&#44; whereas <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span> 1&#62;3&#62;2&#46; Egg without filaments on their tips &#40;longer conical&#44; sharpened&#44; with a flexible terminal portion rarely bifurcate in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span>&#41;&#46; Shorter processes &#40;up to 4&#46;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; and 9&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span>&#41; with smaller basal width &#40;up to 4&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; and 5&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span>&#41;&#46; Different type and number of annulations on the processes &#40;5 annulations in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46;which are actually protruding ridges and 6&#8211;7 in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; sidereus</span> which are weakly outlined folds appearing as dark lines&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; differs from <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; claxtonae</span> by the absence of eye-spots&#46; Rounded&#47;oval pores may be above 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in diameter &#40;nearly 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; claxtonae</span>&#41;&#46; In the new species the pores are randomly distributed in adult specimens&#59; unlike in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; claxtonae</span> the pores form 10 transverse bands and specifically the star-shaped are aligned in longitudinal rows&#46; Fine granulation only present on pair leg IV &#40;on all legs in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; claxtonae</span>&#41;&#46; Macroplacoid length with sequence 1&#62;2&#62;3&#44; while 3&#62;1&#62;2 in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; claxtonae</span>&#46; Smaller eggs &#40;74&#46;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; and 82&#8211;86<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; claxtonae</span>&#44; including the processes&#41; with more processes &#40;circumference 27 and hemisphere 147 in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; vs&#46; circumference ca&#46; 22 and hemisphere nearly 62 in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; claxtonae</span>&#41;&#46; Trunco-conical processes &#40;egg cup shape in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; claxtonae</span>&#41;&#44; smaller &#40;4&#46;6&#8211;4&#46;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; and 7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; claxtonae</span>&#41; and narrower in the base &#40;4&#46;1&#8211;4&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; and ca&#46; 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; claxtonae</span>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; differs from <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; aculeatus</span> by the absence of eye-spots&#46; Without processes or appendices over cuticle &#40;with 2&#8211;6 soft conical dorsal processes in pairs on the segments over II-IV pairs of legs in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; aculeatus</span>&#41;&#46; Teeth in the oral cavity present in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; aculeatus</span>&#46; Eggs with trunco-conical processes while in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; aculeatus</span> they have slender conical processes with flexible points&#46;</p></span></span></span>"
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      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The new species <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46;&#44; is described from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta&#44; Colombia&#46; It differs from the other species of the genus by star-shaped pores&#44; the presence of a peculiar egg with a smooth shell&#44; and small conical processes with 5 annulations&#46; Other differences include the distribution and size of the pores&#44; and other morphometric details regarding the size of the body and buccal tube&#44; and the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pt</span> of the stylet support insertion point&#44; macroplacoids and claws&#46; To date&#44; the genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> R&#46;O&#46; Schuster&#44; 1980&#44; comprises 48 species&#44; including the species described here&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se describe la nueva especie <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46;&#44; proveniente de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta&#44; Colombia&#46; &#201;sta difiere de las otras especies del g&#233;nero por los poros en forma de estrella&#44; la presencia de huevos caracter&#237;sticos con c&#225;scara lisa y procesos c&#243;nicos con 5 anillos&#46; Otras diferencias incluyen la distribuci&#243;n y talla de los poros y otros detalles morfom&#233;tricos&#46; Hasta la fecha&#44; el g&#233;nero <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus</span> R&#46;O&#46; Schuster&#44; 1980&#44; comprende 48 especies&#44; incluyendo la especie aqu&#237; descrita&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:1 [
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Peer Review under the responsibility of Universidad Nacional Aut&#243;noma de M&#233;xico&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:4 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1485
            "Ancho" => 1400
            "Tamanyo" => 191348
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Holotype of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; &#40;A&#41; Habitus &#40;scale bar 20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; &#40;B&#41; Detail of the buccal tube &#40;scale bar 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; &#40;C&#41; Detail of the claws of the second pair of legs &#40;scale bar 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; &#40;D&#41; Detail of the claws of the fourth pair of legs &#40;scale bar 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1936
            "Ancho" => 1400
            "Tamanyo" => 345907
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Egg of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Minibiotus pentannulatus</span> sp&#46; nov&#46; &#40;A&#41; General view &#40;scale bar 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; &#40;B&#41; Detail of the cuticle of the embryo&#44; arrow indicates a multi-lobated pore &#40;scale bar 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; &#40;C&#41; Detail of the smooth eggshell and the processes with 5 annulations &#40;scale bar 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1262
            "Ancho" => 1417
            "Tamanyo" => 207867
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#40;A&#41; Juvenile in the first stage of life&#44; showing the pattern of 8 bands of pores on its cuticle &#40;scale bar 20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m&#41;&#46; Arrows indicate the cluster of pores in the cephalic &#40;anterior to the row 1&#41; and caudal region &#40;posterior to the row 8&#41;&#46; &#40;B&#41; Specimen in third life stage showing the pores scattered on the cuticle&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:1 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Character&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="6" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Range</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">SD</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Holotype</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#956;m</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pt</span></th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#956;m&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pt</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#956;m&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pt</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#956;m&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pt</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Body length</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">144&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">258&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">214&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">29&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">206&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Buccopharyngeal tube</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Buccal tube length&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">27&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">27&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Stylet support insertion point&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">57&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">61&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">15&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">60&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">15&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">57&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Buccal tube external width&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Buccal tube internal width&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ventral lamina length&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">46&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">52&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">12&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">49&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">47&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Placoid lengths</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Macroplacoid 1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Macroplacoid 2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Macroplacoid 3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Microplacoid&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Macroplacoid row&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">31&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">27&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">29&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Placoid row&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">29&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">34&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">31&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">33&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Claw 1 lengths</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>External primary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">24&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">23&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>External secondary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Internal primary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">23&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">23&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Internal secondary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">15&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Claw 2 lengths</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>External primary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">26&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">24&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>External secondary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Internal primary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">26&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">24&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Internal secondary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Claw 3 lengths</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>External primary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">26&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">24&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>External secondary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Internal primary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">24&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Internal secondary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="14" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Claw 4 lengths</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anterior primary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">26&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">29&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">27&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">27&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anterior secondary branch&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">22&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">20&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Article information

ISSN: 18703453
Original language: English

DOI:10.1016/j.rmb.2017.10.040

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Year/Month	Html	Pdf	Total

2024 October	8	5	13
2024 September	23	2	25
2024 August	29	7	36
2024 July	20	2	22
2024 June	22	2	24
2024 May	15	4	19
2024 April	28	7	35
2024 March	34	9	43
2024 February	28	5	33
2024 January	104	8	112
2023 December	22	6	28
2023 November	35	8	43
2023 October	47	6	53
2023 September	39	6	45
2023 August	27	5	32
2023 July	23	4	27
2023 June	42	0	42
2023 May	32	5	37
2023 April	25	3	28
2023 March	35	8	43
2023 February	33	6	39
2023 January	30	2	32
2022 December	44	6	50
2022 November	39	6	45
2022 October	23	9	32
2022 September	25	10	35
2022 August	30	7	37
2022 July	32	8	40
2022 June	32	12	44
2022 May	35	9	44
2022 April	29	17	46
2022 March	44	19	63
2022 February	23	7	30
2022 January	36	15	51
2021 December	25	11	36
2021 November	35	10	45
2021 October	40	19	59
2021 September	36	8	44
2021 August	15	10	25
2021 July	43	9	52
2021 June	33	10	43
2021 May	29	8	37
2021 April	98	16	114
2021 March	47	9	56
2021 February	54	15	69
2021 January	60	18	78
2020 December	52	11	63
2020 November	30	3	33
2020 October	29	8	37
2020 September	34	12	46
2020 August	39	20	59
2020 July	32	16	48
2020 June	37	10	47
2020 May	40	16	56
2020 April	25	14	39
2020 March	29	12	41
2020 February	40	8	48
2020 January	23	5	28
2019 December	25	10	35
2019 November	17	5	22
2019 October	29	7	36
2019 September	39	7	46
2019 August	18	2	20
2019 July	27	12	39
2019 June	53	10	63
2019 May	101	8	109
2019 April	54	7	61
2019 March	17	7	24
2019 February	25	7	32
2019 January	24	5	29
2018 December	18	2	20
2018 November	29	19	48
2018 October	19	10	29
2018 September	21	6	27
2018 August	16	3	19
2018 July	16	2	18
2018 June	15	2	17
2018 May	16	1	17
2018 April	19	1	20
2018 March	8	0	8
2018 February	9	0	9
2018 January	7	2	9
2017 December	6	1	7
2017 November	0	2	2

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