Original article
Short Personality and Life Event scale for detection of suicide attempters
Escala Abreviada de Personalidad y Acontecimientos Vitales para la detección de los intentos de suicidio
Paula Artieda-Urrutiaa, David Delgado-Gómezb, Diego Ruiz-Hernándezc, Juan Manuel García-Vegaa, Nuria Berenguera, Maria A. Oquendod, Hilario Blasco-Fontecillaa,e,
Corresponding author
a Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
b Department of Statistics, Universidad Carlos III, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
c Department of Quantitative Methods, CUNEF, Madrid, Spain
d Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, NY, USA
e Autonoma University, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
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2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Quantitative Methods, CUNEF, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, NY, USA" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Autonoma University, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Escala Abreviada de Personalidad y Acontecimientos Vitales para la detección de los intentos de suicidio" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1186 "Ancho" => 1586 "Tamanyo" => 174029 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">ROC curves of the S-PLE scale to discriminate between different pairwise comparisons.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Suicide prevention is a major public health concern.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–3</span></a> According to the World Health Organization (WHO), suicide accounts approximately for 1.4% of the Global Burden of Disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> It is estimated that about 800,000 people will suicide each year, and at least 10–20 times more will make non-lethal attempts annually by the year 2020.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Moreover, in the United States only, the annual estimated economic costs of suicide are about $33 billion per year.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Despite these staggering figures, it is possible to partially prevent suicidal behaviour with specific interventions in high-risk populations.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7,8</span></a> For instance, some investigators have pointed out that access to adequate treatment might reduce suicide rates up to 25%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> More recently, Hampton<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> reported a 75% reduction of suicide rates by implementing a depression care programme.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One of the most difficult tasks in preventing suicide is the detection of individuals at risk.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> Among the reasons behind this problem is the fact that most suicide attempters do not reveal their suicidal thoughts and plans to their physicians.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12,13</span></a> Moreover, although several risk factors such as major depression,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> a previous suicide attempt,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> or recent life events<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> increase the risk of suicide, previous efforts to find a tool that accurately identifies people at risk of suicidal behaviour have yet to yield good results.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17,18</span></a> For instance, Bolton et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> conducted a study where the SAD PERSONS scale could not accurately predict suicide attempts among individuals requiring psychiatric services in emergency departments. In another study, the Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) was not able to predict which self-harming individuals would ultimately die by suicide.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">These findings highlight the importance of developing accurate tools to identify and prevent suicidal behaviour. With this aim, Blasco-Fontecilla et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> developed the Personality and Life Event (PLE) scale. The PLE scale consists of 27 of the most discriminative items from a collection of questionnaires usually employed in the assessment of suicidal behaviour. The 27 items were selected using the Lars-en algorithm.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> The PLE scale showed excellent accuracy (86.4%), sensitivity (80.8%), and specificity (89.6%) in classifying suicide attempters.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this article is to develop and test a shorter version of the PLE scale that can be used in setups where time is scarce such as emergency departments and overloaded outpatient clinics. Moreover, the development of this short scale is also relevant because of the increase of online e-health applications: nowadays, both researchers and practitioners collect patient's data by means of mobile phone applications.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> The availability of short scales is vital considering that attrition is one of the main problems faced when collecting this type of data.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> Our hypothesis is that a shorter version of the PLE scale can accurately identify individuals at risk for suicidal behaviour.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Materials and methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Samples and procedure</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Participants received no incentives. Initially, we recruited 236 individuals, but 54 (22.5%) were excluded from our analyses because they had missing values. The final sample in this study consisted of 182 individuals (61 suicide attempters, 57 psychiatric controls, and 64 psychiatrically healthy controls) aged 18 or older, admitted to the emergency department at Puerta de Hierro University Hospital in Madrid, Spain, between 1st of June and 1st of December, 2013. All participants were evaluated within the first 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h after admission. The assessments were made by residents in psychiatry with specific training to evaluate suicide attempts.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The suicide attempter group comprised 18 men and 43 women. The psychiatric controls were 21 men and 36 women presenting to the emergency department for any psychiatric reason other than suicidal behaviour. These individuals denied a history of previous suicidal attempts. The psychiatrically healthy controls (henceforth referred to simply as medical controls) were 26 men and 38 women, presenting to the emergency department because of a medical (non-psychiatric) reason. Medical controls were free of psychiatric conditions. In all three groups, individuals who were unable to decide or understand the PLE scale for any reason were excluded. All included patients provided written informed consent to take part in the study. The Puerta de Hierro University Hospital Ethics Committee approved the study.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Measures</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All participants completed a form including their socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. In order to facilitate the use of the PLE scale, all the items were dichotomized (yes/no). To assess Axis I diagnoses, all psychiatric patients (including suicide attempters) were administered the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> The MINI is an efficient, short, and easy to administrate structured diagnostic interview.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21,25</span></a> Medical controls were determined not to have a personal history of psychiatric illnesses, as verified by direct questioning and review of the electronic medical record.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Descriptive statistics were computed for the socio-demographic factors. Additionally, Chi-square independence tests were applied to evaluate differences in socio-demographic and clinical variables between groups. The Chi-square independence test was also conducted to assess the strength of the relationship between each item in the PLE scale and the type of individual (suicide attempter, psychiatric control or medical control).</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A stepwise linear regression with backward variable selection was conducted to build the short version of the PLE scale. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the developed scale, a ROC analysis was conducted. Typically, works published in the areas of psychology and psychiatry conduct this type of analysis using the same data set for both, estimation of the parameters of the classifiers and accuracy assessment. The consequence of this practice is that the reported results tend to be better than what is observed in practice. For example, Support Vector Machines are capable of attaining a perfect classification in a given set. However, whenever this classifier is applied to a different data set, its performance decreases dramatically. This phenomenon is known as overfitting. In order to avoid this problem, the current ROC analysis is performed according to the usual practice in the pattern recognition community, i.e., the data are separated in two disjoint sets, namely, training and test sets. The training set is used to estimate the parameters of the linear regression, and the test set is used to calculate the ROC curves. With the aim of obtaining more relevant results, 100 cross-validations were conducted. In each cross-validation, the training set was composed by 32 medical controls, 29 psychiatric controls, and 31 suicide attempters randomly selected from our database. The remaining individuals (32 medical controls, 28 psychiatric controls, and 30 suicide attempters) were used as the test set.</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finally, after the performance of the proposed scale was assessed, a factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed, and the internal and external reliability were computed in order to elucidate the psychometric properties of the proposed scale. The internal reliability was assessed using Cronbach's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">α</span>, and the external reliability was evaluated using a test–retest procedure, and the intraclass correlation coefficient. The interval for the test–retests ranged between three and six months. Basically, between 3 and 6 months after the initial interview, all participants were contacted by telephone, and asked to answer the PLE scale again. Due to refusal to participate in the retest, impossibility to contact the individual, or scarce time since the first interview (less than three months scheduled), we used a subsample of 85 individuals (47%) to make the test–retest analyses.</p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Results</span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Sample characteristics</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a> shows the socio-demographic data. Apart from age and living arrangements, there no statistically significant differences between groups in terms of socio-demographics.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a> shows the comparison between the scores obtained by the suicidal attempters and the psychiatric controls in the MINI scale. There were no statistically significant differences in Axis I disorders when comparing suicide attempters and psychiatric controls.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Chi-square independence tests</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A Chi-square test assessed the relationship between each item and group membership (see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The items “Gain of a New Family Member”, “Personal Injury or Illness”, “I Plan for Job Security” or “Armed Aggression to Others” were not related to suicide attempter status. Similarly, “I Have Little or No Desire to have sex with Anyone” and “I Spend or Charge More that I Earn” showed a weak relation to suicide attempter status. These results support the idea of shortening the PLE scale.</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Stepwise backward item selection</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A stepwise backward regression analysis was conducted to select the most suitable items to be included in the S-PLE scale. The result of this analysis was the selection of the following six items: “I often feel empty inside”, “Adult self harm”, “I have tantrums or angry outbursts”, “I have been the victim of unfair attacks on my character or reputation”, “I can’t decide what kind of person I want to be”, and “I think my spouse (or lover) may be unfaithful to me”.</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Once the relevant items were identified, a ROC analysis evaluated its capacity to correctly classify the individuals. The corresponding results are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>. This figure shows the average ROCs for the 100 simulations mentioned above, together with their average area under the curve (AUC). The proposed scale accurately discriminated medical controls from psychiatric controls (dashed line), achieving a sensitivity of nearly 90% with a specificity of 75%. Thus, the S-PLE scale could be used as a good instrument for screening mental diseases in primary care settings.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Depending on the type of Service (emergency department, walk-in clinics, and so on) the predictive parameters (i.e., sensitivity, specificity) could be assigned different values. For instance, a medical centre that fixes thresholds of 90% sensitivity in discriminating between medical and psychiatric controls, and of 70% specificity in discriminating between psychiatric controls and suicide attempters, will obtain the Confusion matrix shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Psychometrical properties</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A factor analysis with varimax rotation, applied on the selected items, extracted only one factor. This reflects the one-dimensionality of the S-PLE scale. The extracted factor (with eigenvalue higher than one) explained 36.9% of the variance. The first columns of <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">Table 5</a> show the factor loadings after rotation. The contribution of the selected items to this factor is very similar.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Regarding internal consistency, the Cronbach's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">α</span> was 0.65, whereas the test–retest reliability was 0.55 (calculated based on data from 85 individuals who participated in the retest), and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.53.</p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Proposed scale</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finally, the weights of the proposed scale were calculated using the full data set. These weights are shown in the last column of <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">Table 5</a>. The total score on the S-PLE scale for a given individual is obtained by summing the weights of the items that he/she answered affirmatively plus the constant. For instance, an individual who feels “often empty inside”, and has a history of “adult self-harm” would score 2.27 [0.66 (emptiness)<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.46 (adult self-harm)<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.15 (constant)] (see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">Table 5</a> for weights).</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Two thresholds are suggested to differentiate between the three types of individuals. Individuals with a score lower than 1.70 are considered mentally healthy; individuals with a score above 2.46 are considered at risk for attempting suicide; finally, individuals with scores between these two values are classified as individuals with a possible mental disorder. The values assigned to these thresholds are those that maximize the classification accuracy.</p></span></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Discussion</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We report on the development and testing of a Short Personality Event (S-PLE) scale. The S-PLE scale was demonstrated to be a reliable instrument for classifying individuals as past suicide attempters or not. Our results have also shown that the S-PLE scale was able to distinguish between individuals with mental conditions – either psychiatric controls or suicide attempters – and psychiatrically healthy controls. The performance of the S-PLE scale decreases when it comes to separating psychiatric controls from suicide attempters. This is not surprising given that psychiatric diagnoses are <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">per se</span> risk factors for suicidal behaviour. In any case, the AUC of the ROC curve comparing psychiatric controls and suicide attempters was still fairly acceptable (0.756). The study was completed with an assessment of the internal and external reliability. In this assessment the Cronbach's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">α</span> took a value of 0.65, a value which is close to the benchmark suggested by Nunnaly in 1978.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> Regarding the external reliability, the test–retest correlation was 0.55. This low correlation was expected, as some of the items included in the S-PLE scale (e.g., “I have tantrums or angry outbursts”) measure the individual's state, not an individual's trait. Moreover, the fact that only six items compose this scale makes it particularly useful in settings where time is scarce.</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Another major strength of the S-PLE scale is that it may indirectly evaluate the risk of suicidal behaviour. The items composing the S-PLE scale assess the way the examinee feels with respect to both himself and his social, work and emotional environment. This is important because most suicide attempters and completers do not display suicidal ideation in the previous appointments with their physicians,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> thus hampering the prevention of suicidal behaviour. Fear of stigma, hospitalization or truncation of their plans could explain that lack of communication.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12,13</span></a> In this context, the S-PLE might be particularly interesting, as with the exception of adult self-harm, the S-PLE has no direct questions about suicide attempt. Accordingly, the S-PLE could be particularly useful for patients who might want to hide this information. In other words, this tool allows the clinician to identify those at risk circumventing reliance on patient reports of suicidal ideation.</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Six items related to personality dysfunction, and a history of previous self-harm compose the S-PLE scale. The most discriminative items were “I often feel empty inside” and “Adult self-harm”. These results are in keeping with the literature. For instance, in a recent review, we found that emptiness might have more predictive power than impulsiveness in the prediction of suicidal behaviour, and could be one of the clinical factors most closely associated with suicide attempt repetition,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27–29</span></a> and the addiction to suicidal behaviour.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29,30</span></a> Furthermore, a history of self-harm and affective instability are well-recognized risk factors for suicidal behaviour.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31,32</span></a></p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A limitation of the present study is that the resulting set of 6 items has yet to be compared to specific scales that assess risk of suicidal behaviour. As well, the S-PLE has not yet been tested prospectively. Nonetheless, the S-PLE ability to identify those likely to have a psychiatric condition and those likely to have a past suicide attempt in about one minute has utility.</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Conclusions</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The S-PLE scale has shown acceptable psychometric properties, and is a valuable screening instrument in the assessment of risk of suicidal behaviour. The S-PLE scale brings together two important characteristics: it indirectly measures suicide risk, and can be easily answered within a very short time period. Thus, the S-PLE scale might be an interesting tool in primary or emergency care settings.</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Funding</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This article received support from the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs1">CIBERSAM</span> (Banco de Instrumentos del CIBERSAM; <a href="http://www.cibersam.es/cibersam">http://www.cibersam.es/cibersam</a>) to develop a scale capable of predicting suicidal behaviours (the Personality and Life Events Scale, PLE). The S-PLE will be included into the “Banco de Instrumentos” of the CIBERSAM. Paula Artieda-Urrutia has obtained competitive funding from the IDIPHIM (<a href="http://www.investigacionpuertadehierro.com/">http://www.investigacionpuertadehierro.com/</a>).</p></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the last three years, Dr. Hilario Blasco-Fontecilla has received lecture fees from Eli Lilly, AB-Biotics, Janssen, Rovi, and Shire. Maria A. Oquendo received royalties for the commercial use of the C-SSRS and her family owns stock in Bristol Myers Squibb. The remaining authors report no conflict of interest.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:13 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres581996" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Method design" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec598525" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres581995" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Método Diseño" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec598524" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Samples and procedure" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Measures" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Results" "secciones" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Sample characteristics" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Chi-square independence tests" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Stepwise backward item selection" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Psychometrical properties" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Proposed scale" ] ] ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0070" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0075" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0080" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 11 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack195805" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" ] 12 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2015-01-26" "fechaAceptado" => "2015-02-20" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec598525" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Suicide attempters" 1 => "Personality" 2 => "Life events" 3 => "Emptiness" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec598524" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Personas que intentan suicidarse" 1 => "Personalidad" 2 => "Acontecimientos vitales" 3 => "Sensación de vacío" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To develop a brief and reliable psychometric scale to identify individuals at risk for suicidal behaviour.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Method design</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case–control study. <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sample and setting:</span> 182 individuals (61 suicide attempters, 57 psychiatric controls, and 64 psychiatrically healthy controls) aged 18 or older, admitted to the Emergency Department at Puerta de Hierro University Hospital in Madrid, Spain. <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Measures:</span> All participants completed a form including their socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, and the Personality and Life Events scale (27 items). To assess Axis I diagnoses, all psychiatric patients (including suicide attempters) were administered the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Statistical analysis:</span> Descriptive statistics were computed for the socio-demographic factors. Additionally, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">χ</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> independence tests were applied to evaluate differences in socio-demographic and clinical variables, and the Personality and Life Events scale between groups. A stepwise linear regression with the backward variable selection was conducted to build the Short Personality Life Event (S-PLE) scale. In order to evaluate the accuracy, a ROC analysis was conducted. The internal reliability was assessed using Cronbach's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">α</span>, and the external reliability was evaluated using a test–retest procedure.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The S-PLE scale, composed of just 6 items, showed good performance in discriminating between medical controls, psychiatric controls and suicide attempters in an independent sample. For instance, the S-PLE scale discriminated between past suicide and past non-suicide attempters with sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 75%. The area under the ROC curve was 88%. A factor analysis extracted only one factor, revealing a single dimension of the S-PLE scale. Furthermore, the S-PLE scale provides values of internal and external reliability between poor (test–retest: 0.55) and acceptable (Cronbach's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">α</span>: 0.65) ranges. Administration time is about one minute.</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The S-PLE scale is a useful and accurate instrument for estimating the risk of suicidal behaviour in settings where the time is scarce.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Method design" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Desarrollar una escala breve y fiable para identificar a las personas en riesgo de conducta suicida.</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Método Diseño</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">estudio de caso-control. <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Muestra y centro:</span> 182 individuos (61 personas que intentaron suicidarse, 57 controles psiquiátricos y 64 controles sanos) con una edad de 18 años o más, admitidos en la Unidad de Urgencias del Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro de Madrid, España. <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mediciones:</span> todos los participantes rellenaron un formulario que incluía sus características sociodemográficas y clínicas, y la Escala de Personalidad y Acontecimientos Vitales (27 cuestiones). Para evaluar los diagnósticos del Eje I, a todos los pacientes psiquiátricos (incluyendo a las personas que intentaron suicidarse) se les realizó la Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional. <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Análisis estadístico:</span> se aplicó estadística descriptiva para los factores sociodemográficos. Además, se aplicaron las pruebas de independencia de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">χ</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> para evaluar las diferencias de las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, y de la Escala de Personalidad y Acontecimientos Vitales entre grupos. Se llevó a cabo una regresión lineal escalonada con selección de variable retrospectiva para elaborar la escala abreviada de Personalidad y Acontecimientos Vitales (S-PLE). A fin de evaluar la precisión se realizó un análisis de ROC. Se evaluó la fiabilidad interna utilizando la α de Cronbach, y la fiabilidad externa mediante un procedimiento de prueba-reprueba.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La escala S-PLE, que se compone únicamente de 6 cuestiones, reflejó un buen desempeño al discriminar los controles sanos, los controles psiquiátricos y los intentos de suicidio en una muestra independiente. Por ejemplo, la escala S-PLE discriminó a las personas que intentaron suicidarse y a las que no lo hicieron en el pasado, con una sensibilidad del 80% y una especificidad del 75%. El área bajo la curva ROC fue del 88%. Un análisis factorial extrajo solamente un factor, lo que revela la dimensión única de la escala S-PLE. Además, la escala S-PLE aporta valores de fiabilidad interna y externa que se incluyen dentro de los rangos débil (prueba-reprueba: 0,55) y aceptable (α de Cronbach: 0,65). El tiempo de realización es de alrededor de un minuto.</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La escala S-PLE es un instrumento útil y preciso para calcular el riesgo de conducta suicida en centros asistenciales donde escasea el tiempo.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Método Diseño" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0025">Please cite this article as: Artieda-Urrutia P, Delgado-Gómez D, Ruiz-Hernández D, García-Vega JM, Berenguer N, Oquendo MA, et al. Escala Abreviada de Personalidad y Acontecimientos Vitales para la detección de los intentos de suicidio. Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment (Barc.). 2015;8:199–206.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:6 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1186 "Ancho" => 1586 "Tamanyo" => 174029 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">ROC curves of the S-PLE scale to discriminate between different pairwise comparisons.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Suicide attempter (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>61) <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Psychiatric control (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>57) <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Medical control (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>64) <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Stats<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Df \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age (years)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">36.9 (SD:11.83) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">44.1 (SD:13.48) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">41.1 (SD:15.19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2;179 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.02 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sex (female)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">43 (70.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">36 (63.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">38 (59.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.727 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.42 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Years of education</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.472 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.08 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (6.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (19.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (7.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9–12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">37 (60.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22 (43.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">30 (46.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>>12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20 (32.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (37.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">29 (45.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Socio-economic status</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.986 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.29 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Low (<500) and low-middle (500–1500) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33 (62.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">26 (59.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28 (47.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Middle (1500–2000) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 (20.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 (13.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 (18.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Middle-high (>2000) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 (16.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (27.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20 (33.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Living arrangements</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10.82 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.03 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Family of origin \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22 (36.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (17.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 (14.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Own family \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">31 (50.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">37 (64.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">47 (73.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Alone and others \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 (13.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (17.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 (12.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Race</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.210 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.38 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Caucasian \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">53 (86.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">53 (93.0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">55 (85.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hispanic \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (11.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (5.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (7.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Other race \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (1.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (1.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (6.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab949477.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">χ</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> tests were applied for all comparisons except age (ANOVA).</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparison of suicide attempters (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>61), psychiatric controls (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>57), and medical controls (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>64) on socio-demographic variables.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">MINI \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Suicide attempters<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>61 (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Psychiatric controls<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>57 (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">χ</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> test (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Major depressive episode (current) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">45/60 (75.0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">39/57 (68.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.42 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Major depressive episode (past) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">21/58 (36.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">19/57 (33.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.75 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Dysthymia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">7/60 (11.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3/57 (5.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Panic disorder (current) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">6/59 (10.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5/57 (8.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.79 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Panic disorder with agoraphobia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1/59 (1.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4/57 (7.0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Alcohol dependence \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">12/58 (20.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">8/58 (13.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.34 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Drug dependence \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4/59 (6.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3/57 (5.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.73 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Generalized anxiety disorder \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">24/58 (41.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">22/57 (38.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.76 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Psychotic disorder (current) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2/59 (3.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2/57 (3.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.97 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab949473.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0010" "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Cells in the first two columns show the ratio of cases with the attribute with respect to the available data. Missing data are no-answers to each particular item.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparison of suicide attempters and psychiatric controls on psychiatric disorders (MINI scale).</p>" ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">PLE item \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Suicide attempters <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>61 (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Psychiatric control <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>57 (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Medical control <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>64 (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">χ</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> test (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Change in frequency of arguments \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">41 (67.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">31 (54.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 (17.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Change in personal habits \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">39 (63.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">30 (52.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 (26.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Marital separation \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 (29.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (12.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 (0.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I often feel empty inside \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">55 (90.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">37 (64.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (7.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Gain of new family member \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 (9.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (12.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (15.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.61<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Adult self-harm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21 (34.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (5.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 (0.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Personal injury or illness \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (8.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 (9.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.89<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I worry about being alone and having to care for myself \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">34 (55.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">38 (66.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (18.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I have tantrums or angry outburst \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">44 (72.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33 (57.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (18.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I’ve been the victim of unfair attacks on my character or reputation \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">42 (68.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">35 (61.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (7.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I can’t decide what kind of person I want to be \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33 (54.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22 (38.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (6.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I think my spouse (or lover) may be unfaithful to me \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21 (34.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 (10.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (6.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I usually feel uncomfortable or helpless when I’m alone \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 (37.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28 (49.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (6.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I won’t get involved with people until I’m certain they like me \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 (44.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 (47.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (10.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I have little or no desire to have sex with anyone \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 (41.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 (40.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13 (20.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.02 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I spend or charge more than I earn \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20 (32.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 (24.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 (14.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.04 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">People think I’m odd or eccentric \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 (44.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (33.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 (12.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I go to extremes to try to keep people from leaving me \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28 (45.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (21.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (1.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">My feelings are like the weather, they are always changing \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">32 (52.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">31 (54.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (4.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I act on impulse \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">47 (77) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">31 (54.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13 (20.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I am self-controlled \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28 (45.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">32 (56.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">59 (92.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I plan trips well ahead of time \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">34 (55.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">35 (61.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">52 (81.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.01 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">24 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I plan for job security \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">45 (73.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">44 (77.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">55 (85.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.22<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">People have a high opinion on me \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">39 (63.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">42 (73.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">60 (93.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">26 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I usually get fun and enjoyment out of life \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">29 (47.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33 (57.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">60 (93.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Armed aggression to others \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 (0.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 (0.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 (0.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.00<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab949475.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0015" "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Statistically non-significant relationships are starred.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparison of suicide attempters (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>61), psychiatric controls (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>57), and medical controls (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>64) on the items of the PLE scale.</p>" ] ] 4 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0020" "etiqueta" => "Table 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mean and standard deviation of the number of cases in each cell over 100 simulations.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Real</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Medical control (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>32) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Psychiatric control (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>28) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Suicide attempter (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Predicted</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Medical control \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27.79 (2.04) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.97 (2.89) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.35 (0.92) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Psychiatric control \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.19 (2.05) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13.64 (3.69) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.17 (3.07) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Suicide attempter \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.02 (0.20) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.39 (2.55) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20.48 (2.98) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab949474.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0020" "etiqueta" => "a" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">The performance of a given classification model can be evaluated by a confusion matrix. The confusion matrix displays the accuracy of the predictions made by the model. Thus, the diagonal displays the number of correct classifications made for each class (i.e., suicide attempters, psychiatric controls, or medical controls), and the off diagonal shows the errors made. For instance, of the 32 test medical controls, nearly 28 (27.79) were correctly classified as medical controls, and about four (4.19) and 0 (0.02) individuals were incorrectly classified as psychiatric controls and suicide attempters, respectively.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Confusion matrix.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a></p>" ] ] 5 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0025" "etiqueta" => "Table 5" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Item \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Factor loadings (after rotation) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Weights \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I often feel empty inside \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.64 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.66 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Adult self harm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.70 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.46 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I have been the victim of unfair attacks on my character or reputation \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.40 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I think my spouse (or lover) may be unfaithful to me \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.87 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.36 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I can’t decide what kind of person I want to be \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.67 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.24 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I have tantrums or angry outbursts \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.57 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Constant \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab949476.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Factor analysis and weights of the S-PLE scale.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:32 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0165" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cross-national prevalence and risk factors for suicidal ideation, plans and attempts" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M.K. 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Dr. Iruela-Cuadrado allowed us to carry out this study at Puerta de Hierro University Hospital.</p>" "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/21735050/0000000800000004/v1_201511260104/S2173505015000515/v1_201511260104/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "7614" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Original articles" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735050/0000000800000004/v1_201511260104/S2173505015000515/v1_201511260104/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173505015000515?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
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| 2024 October | 11 | 4 | 15 |
| 2024 September | 34 | 10 | 44 |
| 2024 August | 39 | 9 | 48 |
| 2024 July | 27 | 3 | 30 |
| 2024 June | 12 | 5 | 17 |
| 2024 May | 15 | 6 | 21 |
| 2024 April | 19 | 6 | 25 |
| 2024 March | 30 | 7 | 37 |
| 2024 February | 28 | 3 | 31 |
| 2024 January | 20 | 7 | 27 |
| 2023 December | 15 | 5 | 20 |
| 2023 November | 21 | 9 | 30 |
| 2023 October | 30 | 10 | 40 |
| 2023 September | 25 | 2 | 27 |
| 2023 August | 25 | 4 | 29 |
| 2023 July | 9 | 12 | 21 |
| 2023 June | 13 | 10 | 23 |
| 2023 May | 16 | 8 | 24 |
| 2023 April | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2023 March | 12 | 15 | 27 |
| 2023 February | 17 | 5 | 22 |
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| 2022 December | 20 | 5 | 25 |
| 2022 November | 27 | 9 | 36 |
| 2022 October | 20 | 15 | 35 |
| 2022 September | 21 | 11 | 32 |
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| 2022 June | 29 | 7 | 36 |
| 2022 May | 46 | 10 | 56 |
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| 2021 September | 15 | 10 | 25 |
| 2021 August | 29 | 13 | 42 |
| 2021 July | 25 | 14 | 39 |
| 2021 June | 29 | 11 | 40 |
| 2021 May | 30 | 9 | 39 |
| 2021 April | 67 | 5 | 72 |
| 2021 March | 14 | 17 | 31 |
| 2021 February | 15 | 7 | 22 |
| 2021 January | 22 | 9 | 31 |
| 2020 December | 34 | 13 | 47 |
| 2020 November | 40 | 19 | 59 |
| 2020 October | 19 | 8 | 27 |
| 2020 September | 25 | 25 | 50 |
| 2020 August | 20 | 12 | 32 |
| 2020 July | 17 | 6 | 23 |
| 2020 June | 13 | 12 | 25 |
| 2020 May | 18 | 8 | 26 |
| 2020 April | 16 | 9 | 25 |
| 2020 March | 18 | 3 | 21 |
| 2020 February | 21 | 9 | 30 |
| 2020 January | 11 | 13 | 24 |
| 2019 December | 22 | 17 | 39 |
| 2019 November | 9 | 6 | 15 |
| 2019 October | 15 | 7 | 22 |
| 2019 September | 15 | 14 | 29 |
| 2019 August | 8 | 7 | 15 |
| 2019 July | 15 | 15 | 30 |
| 2019 June | 36 | 10 | 46 |
| 2019 May | 110 | 28 | 138 |
| 2019 April | 49 | 18 | 67 |
| 2019 March | 17 | 15 | 32 |
| 2019 February | 15 | 8 | 23 |
| 2019 January | 12 | 8 | 20 |
| 2018 December | 22 | 22 | 44 |
| 2018 November | 15 | 9 | 24 |
| 2018 October | 12 | 4 | 16 |
| 2018 September | 10 | 4 | 14 |
| 2018 August | 5 | 2 | 7 |
| 2018 July | 17 | 2 | 19 |
| 2018 June | 15 | 1 | 16 |
| 2018 May | 26 | 10 | 36 |
| 2018 April | 30 | 2 | 32 |
| 2018 March | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 2018 February | 86 | 8 | 94 |
| 2018 January | 53 | 6 | 59 |
| 2017 December | 94 | 4 | 98 |
| 2017 November | 44 | 4 | 48 |
| 2017 October | 10 | 6 | 16 |
| 2017 September | 11 | 10 | 21 |
| 2017 August | 7 | 3 | 10 |
| 2017 July | 12 | 5 | 17 |
| 2017 June | 20 | 27 | 47 |
| 2017 May | 26 | 11 | 37 |
| 2017 April | 21 | 17 | 38 |
| 2017 March | 20 | 19 | 39 |
| 2017 February | 11 | 3 | 14 |
| 2017 January | 6 | 7 | 13 |
| 2016 December | 12 | 9 | 21 |
| 2016 November | 22 | 3 | 25 |
| 2016 October | 41 | 7 | 48 |
| 2016 September | 41 | 7 | 48 |
| 2016 August | 21 | 4 | 25 |
| 2016 July | 35 | 1 | 36 |
| 2016 June | 23 | 10 | 33 |
| 2016 May | 37 | 19 | 56 |
| 2016 April | 37 | 20 | 57 |
| 2016 March | 60 | 30 | 90 |
| 2016 February | 52 | 20 | 72 |
| 2016 January | 64 | 36 | 100 |
| 2015 December | 46 | 31 | 77 |
| 2015 November | 11 | 5 | 16 |
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