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Inicio Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Practice guideline for multidisciplinary investigation of diving fatalities
Journal Information
Vol. 50. Issue 3.
Pages 121-128 (July - September 2024)
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Vol. 50. Issue 3.
Pages 121-128 (July - September 2024)
Special article
Practice guideline for multidisciplinary investigation of diving fatalities
Guía práctica para la investigación multidisciplinar de las muertes durante la práctica de buceo
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M. Luisa Fúneza,c,d, Josep M. Casadesúsb,c,d,
Corresponding author
josep.casadesus@xij.gencat.cat

Corresponding author.
, Fernando Aguirred,e, Ana Carrerac,d, Francisco Reinac,d
a Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
b Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Cataluña, Girona, Spain
c Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Girona, Girona, Spain
d Grupo de Investigación en Anatomía Clínica, Embriología y Neurociencia (NEOMA), Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Girona, Girona, Spain
e Grupo de Especialistas en Actividades Subacuáticas (GEAS) de la Guardia Civil, Girona, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Causes of death while diving.
Table 2. Indications for the autopsy specific to pulmonary barotrauma.
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Abstract

Nowadays, diving is a safe practice and fatalities are uncommon. The main cause of death reported is drowning but others have been described, such as, those secondary to the biophysical foundations that govern the hyperbaric environment, like arterial gas embolism or decompression illness. Because of this, multidisciplinary investigation is essential for elucidating the cause of death.

A practical guideline is proposed to systematise and direct the collection of technical-police and medical-forensic data by the different professionals involved to correctly identify all events related to the accident.

It consists of 2 well-differentiated blocks which shows the sequence to choose the most appropriate autopsy techniques and complementary tests to carry out a complete analysis of each diving fatality, all aimed to avoid overdiagnosis of deaths by drowning.

This way, it will be possible to identify risk factors or unsafe behaviours about which to develop prevention measures.

Keywords:
Diving
Multidisciplinary research
Guidelines
Police
Cause of death
Resumen

Actualmente, el buceo es una actividad segura y las muertes son escasas. La principal causa de muerte es la asfixia por sumersión, aunque se han descrito otras causas secundarias a los fundamentos biofísicos que regulan el medio hiperbárico, como el embolismo gaseoso arterial o la enfermedad descompresiva. Por este motivo, la investigación multidisciplinar es esencial para averiguar la causa de muerte.

Se propone una guía práctica que sistematiza y dirige la recogida de datos técnico-policiales y médico-forenses por parte de los diferentes profesionales involucrados para poder identificar correctamente todos los eventos implicados en el accidente. Consiste en dos bloques que muestran una secuencia para elegir la técnica de autopsia y pruebas complementarias más apropiadas para llevar a cabo un estudio completo de cada caso y así evitar el sobrediagnóstico de muertes por sumersión. De esta manera, será posible identificar factores y conductas de riesgo para desarrollar medidas de prevención.

Palabras clave:
Buceo
Investigación multidisciplinar
Guía
Policía
Causa de muerte

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