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Vol. 25. Issue 3.
Pages 340-346 (July - September 2024)
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Vol. 25. Issue 3.
Pages 340-346 (July - September 2024)
Original article
Influence of new tools to increase the rate of influenza vaccination in patients considered at risk during the campaigns of 2019, 2020 and 2021
Influencia de nuevas herramientas para aumentar la tasa de vacunación contra la gripe en pacientes considerados de riesgo durante las campañas de los años 2019, 2020 y 2021
Beatriz Santos Lópeza,
Corresponding author
bsantosl@salud.aragon.es

Corresponding author.
, Mónica López Camposb, Carmen Viñas Viamontec, Paula Aragón Puigc, Elena Buades Péreza, Inés Loreto Gallán Farinaa
a Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
b Servicio de Pediatría, Centro de Salud Actur Norte, Zaragoza, Spain
c Servicio de Enfermería, Centro de Salud Actur Norte, Zaragoza, Spain
Article information
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Figures (5)
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Distribution of the sample by health centre and risk factor.
Table 2. Percentage of vaccination by risk factor of centres 1 and 2.a
Table 3. Percentage of vaccination by risk factor in the centre 1.a
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Abstract
Introduction

Influenza infection is a significant public health issue that causes substantial morbidity and mortality in the population every year. Vaccination is the most effective measure for its prevention. The aim of this study is to analyse the influence of automated letters as a patient recruitment method after their discontinuation in a population where they were previously used, comparing it with the population of another healthcare centre with similar characteristics that has never employed this method.

Materials and methods

An observational and retrospective study was conducted, analysing the influenza vaccination coverage among the at-risk population in 2 healthcare centres with very similar population characteristics during 3 vaccination campaigns (2019, 2020, and 2021). Both descriptive and analytical studies were carried out.

Results

Vaccination rates in the centre that actively recruited patients while the letter sending was still in effect were 46.4% in 2019 and 61% in 2020, decreasing to 25.8% in 2021 after its withdrawal (p<.001). Influenza vaccination was significantly higher during the 3 campaigns at the health centre that used the letter. The groups in which vaccination rates decreased most significantly were those aged 65 and older and those with heart disease.

Conclusions

The implementation of automated letters has proven to be particularly effective among patients considered at risk.

Keywords:
Flu
Vaccination
Primary healthcare
Prevention
Health promotion
Resumen
Introducción

La infección por gripe es un problema importante de salud pública que causa una importante morbimortalidad en la población cada año. La vacunación es la medida más eficaz para su prevención. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la influencia de la carta automatizada como método de captación de pacientes una vez retirado su envío en una población que previamente se utilizaba, comparándolo a su vez con la población de otro centro de salud de características similares que nunca ha utilizado este método.

Material y métodos

Se realizó un estudio observacional y retrospectivo que analiza la cobertura vacunal antigripal de la población de riesgo perteneciente a dos centros de salud de característica poblacionales muy similares, durante 3 campañas de vacunación (2019, 2020, 2021). Se llevó a cabo un análisis descriptivo y analítico de las variables.

Resultados

Las tasas de vacunación en el centro que realizó la captación activa de pacientes mientras seguía vigente el envío de carta fueron de 46,4% en 2019 y 61% en el 2020, disminuyendo a 25,8% en 2021 tras la retirada (p < 0,001). La vacunación antigripal fue significativamente superior durante las 3 campañas en el centro de salud que utilizó carta. Los grupos en los que disminuyó de forma más intensa la tasa de vacunación fueron los mayores de 65 años y los cardiópatas.

Conclusiones

La implantación de la carta es una medida que ha demostrado ser especialmente eficaz entre los pacientes considerados de riesgo.

Palabras clave:
Gripe
Vacunación
Atención primaria de salud
Prevención
Promoción de la salud

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