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Inicio Vacunas Brote de parotiditis en una escuela de primaria
Journal Information
Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Pages 52-57 (April 2001)
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Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Pages 52-57 (April 2001)
Brote de parotiditis en una escuela de primaria
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106
N. Campsa,*, N. Folliaa, L. Ferrerb, A. Domínguezc
a Delegació Territorial de Sanitat de Girona.
b Àrea Bàsica de Salut de Blanes.
c Direcció General de Salut Pública. Departament de Sanitat i Seguretat Social.
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Article information
Resumen
Objetivo

Describir un brote de parotiditis en una escuela de las comarcas de Girona ocurrido el año 1999 en niños de edades comprendidas entre 3 y 12 años, y evaluar la efectividad de la vacunación con vacuna triple vírica en función de su componente antiparotidítico (cepa Rubini o cepa Jeryl Lynn).

Métodos

A partir de la notificación de 7 casos iniciales se hizo búsqueda activa de casos con los médicos del equipo de atención primaria del Área Básica de Salud (ABS) y del centro hospitalario de referencia. Los médicos del equipo de atención primaria revisaron los antecedentes vacunales de los niños de toda la escuela. La efectividad de la vacuna (EV) se calculó a partir de la fórmula EV (%) = (1-RR) X 100 así como sus correspondientes intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95%.

Resultados

Se diagnosticaron 23 casos de parotiditis en una escuela de 431 alumnos en un período de 8 semanas. El 65% de los casos afectaron a niños de preescolar de 5 años. Al 55% de los alumnos se les habían administrado dos dosis de vacuna triple vírica, al 45% una dosis y al 1,2% ninguna dosis. La efectividad de la vacunación con el componente antiparotidítico de la cepa Rubini fue del 6,38% (IC del 95%: -451,9-84,1) y con el de la cepa Jeryl Lynn de 85% (IC del 95%: 57,4-94,7).

Conclusión

En este estudio se ha demostrado la baja efectividad de la vacunación con vacuna triple vírica (6,38%) que incluía el componente antiparotidítico de la cepa Rubini. Se consiguió limitar el brote vacunando a todos los niños a los que les faltaba alguna dosis de vacuna triple vírica.

Palabras clave:
Parotiditis
Brote
Efectividad vacunal
Summary
Objective

To describe an outbreak of mumps that took place in a school in Girona province in 1999 affecting children between the age of 3 and 12 years and to evaluate the effectiveness of the combined MMR vaccination according to the mumps compenent (Rubini strain or Jeryl Lynn strain).

Methods

After the 7 initial cases were reported, an active search for cases was carried out by doctors from the primary health care team and the reference hospital. The primary health care doctors revised the vaccination records of all children at the school. The effectiveness of the vaccination (EV) was calculated by the formula EV (%) = (1-RR) ? 100 with its 95% confidence intervals.

Results

23 cases of mumps were diagnosed in a school of 431 students during a period of 8 weeks. Sixty-five per cent of the cases affected preschool children of 5 years of age. Fifty-five per cent of the children had received two doses of the combined MMR vaccine, 45% one dose and 1.2% no dose. The effectiveness of the vaccination with vaccine containing the Rubini strain was 6.38% (95% CI: -451.9-84.1); and with Jeryl Lynn strain 85% (95% CI: 57.4-94.7).

Conclusion

The study shows a low rate of effectiveness for the combined MMR vaccine containing the Rubini strain mumps component with vaccination effectiveness being 6.38%. The outbreak was contained by vaccinating all children who lacked some dose of combined MMR vaccine.

key words:
Mumps
Outbreak
Vaccine effectiveness

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