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Vol. 24. Issue 3.
Pages 174-181 (July - September 2023)
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Vol. 24. Issue 3.
Pages 174-181 (July - September 2023)
Original article
Associated factors in the intention of vaccination against COVID-19, in Popayán, Cauca Colombia
Factores asociados a la intención de vacunación contra el COVID-19 en Popayán, Cauca, Colombia
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Omar Andrés Ramos Valenciaa,
Corresponding author
omaramos@unicauca.edu.co

Corresponding author.
, Yuliana Buitrón Gonzalezb, Jorge Sotelo Dazac, Andrés Felipe Villaquirana
a Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad del Cauca, Cauca, Colombia
b Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Universidad del Cauca, Cauca, Colombia
c Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad del Cauca, Cauca, Colombia
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics.
Table 2. Intention to vaccinate.
Table 3. Awareness and perceptions about vaccination.
Table 4. Bivariate logistic regression.
Table 5. Multivariate logistic regression.
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Abstract

Vaccination against the COVID-19 pandemic, decreed by the WHO in 2020, has shown in the initial trials an admissible efficacy for the scientific community, but with many doubts and concerns for the communities, developing the phenomenon known as vaccine hesitancy.

Objective

To understand the factors associated with the intention or rejection of vaccination against COVID-19 in the city of Popayán in the year 2022.

Methodology

Cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, carried out between August 2021 and March 2022; with a non-probabilistic sampling, for convenience, with a sample size of 993 people; A questionnaire-type survey was applied in person and virtually to know the intention of vaccination, knowledge and perceptions.

Results

The surveyed population was characterized as 56.19% female, 49.24% between 18 and 28 years old; 23.16% state that they do not intend to be vaccinated against COVID-19, the main reasons being: not being well informed 56.29%, ineffective vaccine 54.8% and that the vaccine weakens the immune system 27,5%; as well as the low confidence with the Vaccination Plan and with the pharmaceutical companies that produce the vaccine.

Conclusion

The intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 is determined not only by the technical-administrative dynamics of the immunization program and the health system, variables of the context and the perception of risk, add up to explain the vaccination processes.

Keywords:
Vaccination
Coronavirus Infections (COVID-19)
Risk factors
Colombia
Resumen

La vacunación contra la pandemia COVID-19 decretada por la OMS en el 2020, ha demostrado en los ensayos iniciales una eficacia admisible para la comunidad científica, pero con muchas dudas e inquietudes para las comunidades, desarrollando el fenómeno conocido como vacilación vacunal.

Objetivo

Comprender los factores asociados a la intención o rechazo de vacunación contra el COVID-19 en la ciudad de Popayán en el año 2022.

Metodología

Estudio transversal descriptivo-analítico, realizado entre agosto de 2021 y marzo de 2022; con un muestreo no probabilístico, por conveniencia, con un tamaño muestral de 993 personas; se aplicó una encuesta tipo cuestionario de forma presencial y virtual para conocer la intención de vacunación, conocimientos y percepciones.

Resultados

La población encuestada se caracterizó por ser de género femenino 56,19%, se encuentra entre los 18 y 28 años el 49,24%; manifiestan no tener intención de vacunarse contra el COVID-19 es del 23,16%, siendo las principales razones: no estar bien informados 56,29%, vacuna no efectiva el 54,8% y que la vacuna debilita el sistema inmunológico el 27,5%; así como también se expresa la baja confianza con el Plan de vacunación y de las farmacéuticas que producen la vacuna.

Conclusión

La intención de vacunación contra la COVID-19, está determinada no solo por las dinámicas técnico-administrativas del programa de inmunización y del sistema de salud, variables del contexto y de la percepción del riesgo, se suman para explicar los procesos de vacunación.

Palabras clave:
Vacunación
Infección por coronavirus (COVID-19)
Factores de riesgo
Colombia

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