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Inicio Vacunas (English Edition) The significant role of Carbapenems-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii in mortali...
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Vol. 24. Issue 1.
Pages 13-18 (January - March 2023)
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Vol. 24. Issue 1.
Pages 13-18 (January - March 2023)
Original
The significant role of Carbapenems-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii in mortality rate of patients with COVID-19
El papel significativo de Acinetobacter Baumannii resistente a los carbapenémicos en la tasa de mortalidad de pacientes con COVID-19
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Ali AliMohammadia,1, Nahid Chezani-sharahib,1, Zahra Asgari Hezavehc, Elnaz Abbasid, Aref Shariatid,
Corresponding author
arefshariati0111@sbmu.ac.ir

Corresponding authors.
, Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rade,
Corresponding author
ghaznaviehs@yahoo.com

Corresponding authors.
a Assistant Professor of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
b PhD student in Health Services Management, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
c Public health expert, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
d Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
e Department of Microbiology, faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak, Iran
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Abstract

Background: Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii, especially carbapenem-resistant (CR) strains, pose important challenges in patients with COVID-19 infection. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated co-infection and antimicrobial resistance patterns, as well as the role of A. baumannii in the outcome of patients with COVID-19.

Materials and methods: Between February 2019 and January 2021, 141 patients with A. baumannii infections were detected from seven different hospitals (A to G) in Arak, Iran, and the antibacterial susceptibility pattern of these isolates was evaluated using disk diffusion and E-test methods. Forty-seven of these patients were co-infected with COVID-19. During the study, the data about the clinical course, demographic data, and the role of A. baumannii infections in the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients were collected.

Results: Hospitals A and B reported the most patients, with 53 (38%) and 47 (33%), respectively. Additionally, most cases (105 cases, 75%) were reported from surgical and general ICUs. Mechanical ventilators were detected as predisposing factors in 95 (67%) patients, and infection was detected in 20% of patients on the 10th day after intubation. All of the A. baumannii isolates were resistant to different classes of antibiotics, such as carbapenems. Notably, 33% (47 patients) were also positive for COVID-19, and 68% (32 patients) died due to the infection. Statistical analysis showed a significant role of A. baumannii co-infection in the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients (p-value 0.05).

Conclusion: co-infection with A. baumannii is one of the most important challenges in COVID-19 patients. Our results showed that all isolated bacteria were CR and significantly increased mortality rates in COVID-19 patients.

Keywords:
A. baumannii
COVID-19
co-infection
carbapenems-resistant
Resumen

Antecedentes: Las infecciones causadas por Acinetobacter baumannii, especialmente las cepas resistentes a carbapenem (CR), plantean desafíos importantes en pacientes con infección por COVID-19. Por lo tanto, en el presente estudio investigamos los patrones de coinfección y resistencia a los antimicrobianos, así como el papel de A. baumannii en el desenlace de los pacientes con COVID-19.

Materiales y métodos: entre febrero de 2019 y enero de 2021, se detectaron 141 pacientes con infecciones por A. baumannii de siete hospitales diferentes (A a G) en Arak, Irán, y se evaluó el patrón de susceptibilidad antibacteriana de estos aislamientos mediante difusión en disco y E- métodos de prueba. Cuarenta y siete de estos pacientes estaban coinfectados con COVID-19. Durante el estudio, se recopilaron datos sobre datos demográficos, curso clínico y el papel de las infecciones por A. baumannii en la tasa de mortalidad de los pacientes con COVID-19.

Resultados: Los hospitales A y B reportaron mayor número de pacientes con 53 (38%) y 47 (44%), respectivamente. Además, la mayoría de los casos (105 casos, 75%) se informaron desde la UCI quirúrgica y general. Los ventiladores mecánicos se detectaron como factores predisponentes en 95 (67%) pacientes y la infección se detectó en el 20% de los pacientes al décimo día después de la intubación. Todos los aislamientos de A. baumannii fueron resistentes a diferentes clases de antibióticos, como los carbapenémicos. El 33,6% (47 pacientes) también dieron positivo a COVID-19, y el 68% (32 pacientes) fallecieron a causa de la infección. El análisis estadístico mostró un papel significativo de la coinfección por A. baumannii en la tasa de mortalidad de los pacientes con COVID-19 (valor de p 0,05).

Conclusión: la coinfección con A. baumannii es uno de los desafíos más importantes en pacientes positivos para COVID-19. Nuestros resultados mostraron que todas las bacterias aisladas eran CR y aumentaron significativamente las tasas de mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19.

Palabras clave:
A. baumannii
COVID-19
coinfección
resistente a carbapenémicos

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