Estadísticas

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      "titulo" => "Exploraciones otorrinolaringológicas recomendables previas al inicio de actividades subacuáticas o aeronáuticas. Legislación vigente"
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          "titulo" => "Recommended otorhinolaryngological examination prior to diving or flying. Current legislation"
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          "autoresLista" => "Juan M Juan-Fernández, Carlos Magri-Ruiz"
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      "titulo" => "Historia de las enfermedades del buceo y la aviación en otorrinolaringología"
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          "autoresLista" => "Rafael Gómez-Ullate, Juan Gómez-Ullate"
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    "titulo" => "Adaptación al medio hipobárico-hiperbárico en la esfera otorrinolaringológica. Filogenia"
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        "titulo" => "Adaptation to the hypo-hyperbaric environment in otorhinolaryngology&#46; Phylogeny"
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        "resumen" => "Introducci&#243;n y objetivos&#58; La poblaci&#243;n humana&#44; salvo excepciones&#44; habita en regiones donde la presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica es m&#225;s o menos constante&#46; Cualquier cambio de presi&#243;n brusca o paulatina provocar&#225; alteraciones en el organismo&#46; El objetivo de este cap&#237;tulo es valorar la adaptaci&#243;n fisiol&#243;gica a estos cambios&#44; as&#237; como la adaptaci&#243;n filogen&#233;tica de algunas especies animales que cohabitan en distintos rangos de presi&#243;n&#46; M&#233;todos&#58; Realizamos una revisi&#243;n de tratados de fisiolog&#237;a y exponemos las principales modificaciones en los distintos organismos para su adaptaci&#243;n y&#44; espec&#237;ficamente&#44; en el &#225;rea otorrinolaringol&#243;gica&#46; Resultados&#58; El ser humano no est&#225; adaptado a medios hipob&#225;ricos- hiperb&#225;ricos y presenta graves consecuencias al exponerse a modificaciones bruscas de la presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica&#46; Es necesaria la ayuda de la tecnolog&#237;a para poder permanecer a presiones altas &#40;medio acu&#225;tico&#41; y&#47;o bajas &#40;aeron&#225;utica&#44; monta&#241;ismo&#41; sin complicaciones&#46; Los grandes mam&#237;feros marinos&#44; sin embargo&#44; presentan una gran adaptaci&#243;n a los medios hiperb&#225;ricos acu&#225;ticos&#46; Se aprecian modificaciones en el o&#237;do medio y externo que determinan un sofisticado mecanismo de comunicaci&#243;n bajo el agua&#46; Conclusiones&#58; El ser humano no soporta los cambios de presi&#243;n importantes sin presentar&#44; antes o despu&#233;s&#44; graves repercusiones generales&#46; Sin embargo&#44; algunas personas privilegiadas&#44; y gracias al entrenamiento&#44; han conseguido llegar en el mar a profundidades dif&#237;ciles de explicar fisiol&#243;gicamente y conquistar las cumbres monta&#241;osas m&#225;s altas&#46; Los mam&#237;feros marinos han conseguido adaptarse mediante el desarrollo de ingeniosos mecanismos&#46;"
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        "resumen" => "Introduction and objectives&#46;With few exceptions&#44; humans inhabit regions where the atmospheric pressure is more or less constant&#46; Any brusque or gradual change in pressure will provoke alterations in the body&#46; The present study aimed to evaluate physiological adaptation to these changes&#44; as well as the phylogenetic adaptation of some animal species that cohabit in different pressure ranges&#46; Methods&#46;We performed a review of physiological treatises and present the main adaptations produced in the distinct organisms and&#44; specifically&#44; in the area of otorhinolaryngology&#46; Results&#46; Humans are not adapted to hypobaric-hyperbaric environments and suffer serious consequences when exposed to brusque changes in atmospheric pressure&#46; The help of technology is required to be able to remain at high pressures &#40;aquatic environment&#41; and&#47;or low pressures &#40;aeronautic&#44; mountain pressures&#41; without complications&#46; The large marine mammals&#44; however&#44; are highly adapted to hyperbaric aquatic environments&#46; Modifications in the middle and external ear have led to a sophisticated underwater communication mechanism&#46; Conclusions&#46; Humans cannot experience large pressure changes without sooner or later developing severe general repercussions&#46; However&#44; due to training&#44; some privileged individuals have managed to reach underwater depths difficult to explain physiologically and to scale the peaks of the highest mountains&#46; Marine mammals have managed to adapt by developing ingenious mechanisms&#46;"
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