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Luz pulsada intensa: resultados en ojo seco crónico tras LASIK
Intense pulsed light: results in chronic dry eye syndrome after LASIK
G. Fuentes Páez
Autor para correspondencia
fupaez@yahoo.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, J.R. Soler Tomas, S. Burillo
Centro Médico Teknon, Clínica Oftalnova, Barcelona, España
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Adem&#225;s&#44; la regresi&#243;n refractiva post-LASIK ocurre con mayor frecuencia en pacientes con SOS cr&#243;nico y aumentan las aberraciones de alto orden<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La disfunci&#243;n de las gl&#225;ndulas de Meibomio es considerada la causa m&#225;s frecuente de SOS evaporativo&#44; pero no es evidente y hasta hace pocos a&#241;os se contaba con pocos m&#233;todos para su adecuado manejo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#46; La luz pulsada intensa &#40;LPI&#41; ha demostrado ser un tratamiento prometedor para la mejor&#237;a de los signos y s&#237;ntomas del SOS evaporativo&#44; disfunci&#243;n de gl&#225;ndulas de Meibomio y en operados de cirug&#237;a refractiva con ojo seco recalcitrante<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#8211;9</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Presentamos los resultados de 11 pacientes &#40;20 ojos&#41; con SOS cr&#243;nico post-LASIK&#44; disfunci&#243;n de gl&#225;ndulas de Meibomio e insatisfechos con su agudeza visual &#40;AV&#41;&#44; tras la aplicaci&#243;n de 4 sesiones de LPI&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Materiales y m&#233;todos</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudio de serie de casos retrospectivo en el que se incluyeron pacientes postoperados de LASIK insatisfechos con su visi&#243;n&#44; grado 3-4 de SOS evaporativo cr&#243;nico &#40;&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>meses post-LASIK&#41; e insatisfechos con su AV&#44; que hubiesen completado 4 sesiones de LPI y en tratamiento con l&#225;grimas artificiales e higiene palpebral&#46; El grado de SOS se registr&#243; seg&#250;n la clasificaci&#243;n de severidad propuesta por el <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dry Eye Workshop</span> &#40;DEWS&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&#46; El presente estudio se realiz&#243; siguiendo las gu&#237;as de la declaraci&#243;n de Helsinki y todos los pacientes firmaron un consentimiento informado antes de cada sesi&#243;n de LPI&#46; Se incluyeron pacientes que cumplieran los 3 criterios del grupo japon&#233;s de diagn&#243;stico para disfunci&#243;n de gl&#225;ndulas de Meibomio&#59; la presentaci&#243;n de s&#237;ntomas asociados&#44; una o m&#225;s alteraciones anat&#243;micas &#40;telangiectasias&#44; irregularidad del borde palpebral&#44; desplazamiento anterior o posterior de la uni&#243;n mucocut&#225;nea&#41; y obstrucci&#243;n glandular &#40;observaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica y digitopresi&#243;n&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Todos continuaron usando l&#225;grimas artificiales &#40;rango de 2-7 veces&#47;d&#237;a&#41; y realizando la higiene palpebral&#44; al momento del tratamiento con LPI&#46; Se excluyeron aquellos pacientes que usaran otro tratamiento t&#243;pico&#44; no completaran el tratamiento o el cuestionario y los que no desearan participar&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los datos registrados pre-LPI y post-LPI &#40;4&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> sesi&#243;n&#41; incluyeron&#58; AV&#44; sin correcci&#243;n &#40;SC&#41; y con correcci&#243;n &#40;cc&#41;&#44; refracci&#243;n subjetiva&#44; topograf&#237;a Orbscan &#40;Km y astigmatismo SimK&#59; zona 3&#44;00<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41;&#44; SchirmerI sin anestesia durante 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#44; tiempo de rotura lagrimal &#40;BUT&#41; &#40;fluoresce&#237;na s&#243;dica 20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;ml &#91;Minims&#44; Baush &#38; Lomb&#44; Madrid&#44; Espa&#241;a&#93;&#41; y grado de tinci&#243;n Oxford&#46; Los pacientes contestaron el cuestionario <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Ocular Surface Disease Index</span> &#40;OSDI&#41; antes de la primera y despu&#233;s de la cuarta sesi&#243;n de LPI&#46; Se realizaron 4 sesiones de LPI &#40;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#44; Thermaeye&#174;&#44; Implantec S&#46;A&#46;&#44; Buenos Aires&#44; Argentina&#41;&#44; siguiendo el protocolo recomendado por el distribuidor &#40;d&#237;as 0&#44; 15&#44; 45&#44; 75&#41;&#46; Tras la limpieza de las &#225;reas malar y temporal con agua micelar&#44; se colocaban gafas de protecci&#243;n UV y se aplicaba gel en las &#225;reas a tratar&#46; Se aplicaban 4 impactos de LPI en cada lado de la cara &#40;2 en &#225;rea malar&#44; 2 en &#225;rea temporal&#41;&#44; se limpiaba el gel y se aplicaba crema protectora solar&#46; Los valores se registraron como promedios y desviaci&#243;n est&#225;ndar y se realiz&#243; an&#225;lisis t-Student &#40;Excel 2007&#44; Microsoft&#41;&#44; significaci&#243;n estad&#237;stica p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8804;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#44; con ajuste de Bonferroni para comparaciones m&#250;ltiples&#44; error tipo II&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Resultados</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se revisaron 34 historias de pacientes con tratamiento de LPI y se incluyeron 11 pacientes &#40;20 ojos&#41;&#44; 4 ojos con Bioptics tras implante de lente intraocular multifocal y 16 ojos post-LASIK primario &#40;todos con corte mediante microqueratomo&#41;&#46; Los promedios pre-LPI registrados fueron&#58; edad 43&#44;25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15&#44;6 a&#241;os y tiempo promedio de cirug&#237;a LASIK&#44; 28&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30&#44;9 meses &#40;6-107 meses&#41;&#46; Los grados de severidad SOS DEWS&#44; pre- y post-LPI&#44; fueron de 3&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5 y 1&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;7 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8804;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#44; respectivamente&#46; Basados en el cuestionario OSDI&#44; registramos un caso de SOS leve&#44; 6 casos de SOS moderado y 4 casos de SOS severo&#44; con rango de 21 a 58 puntos&#46; La <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a> resume el grado de severidad del ojo seco&#44; los tratamientos previos de cada caso&#44; los datos refractivos y los resultados individuales pre- y post-LPI&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados promedio pre- y post-LPI fueron&#58; AV 0&#44;67<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;26&#59; 0&#44;90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;15 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;0003&#41;&#59; AVcc 0&#44;83<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;18&#59; 0&#44;92<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;14 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#59; EE &#8722;0&#44;31<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&#59; &#8722;0&#44;08<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;37<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>D &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#59; astigmatismo SimK &#40;&#225;rea 3&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; 0&#44;95<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;52&#59; 0&#44;64<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;46 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#59; Km 40&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;5&#59; 40&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>D &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&#41;&#59; Schirmer<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I 14&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#44;6&#59; 15&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#59; BUT 3&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;6&#59; 5&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>s &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8804;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#59;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span> &#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>s&#41;&#59; grado de tinci&#243;n Oxford 0&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;77&#59; 0&#44;35<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;75 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#59; OSDI 34<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16&#44;1&#59; 27<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11 puntos &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;1&#41;&#46; La <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> registra los resultados visuales antes y despu&#233;s de la LPI&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El promedio de l&#237;neas de AVSC ganadas fue de 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;0 y de 0&#44;90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;2 l&#237;neas ganadas de AVcc&#44; tras LPI&#46; Se registr&#243; emetrop&#237;a en 15 ojos y en 5 ojos se registraron EE residuales entre &#8722;0&#44;25 y &#43;1&#44;0&#46; El mayor EE residual se registr&#243; en un paciente con LASIK complicado &#40;flap completo en ojo derecho y &#43;1&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>D&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tras la &#250;ltima sesi&#243;n de LPI&#44; el rango de puntuaci&#243;n del OSDI fue de 11-47 puntos&#44; registrando 6 casos mejor&#237;a en el grado de sequedad &#40;3 de severo a moderado&#44; uno de moderado a leve&#44; uno de moderado a normal&#44; uno de leve a normal&#41;&#44; 2 casos sin cambios y un caso empeor&#243;&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">figuras 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>A y B</a> detallan los promedios de puntuaci&#243;n del OSDI antes y despu&#233;s de completar las 4 sesiones de LPI&#46; El promedio total de puntuaci&#243;n OSDI pre- y post-LPI fue de 34<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16 y 28<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11 puntos &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41; Se registr&#243; reducci&#243;n no significativa de todas las molestias asociadas a la visi&#243;n&#44; lectura y pantallas&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; los pacientes reportaron mejor&#237;a de las molestias&#44; irritaci&#243;n y reducci&#243;n en la frecuencia de uso de l&#225;grimas artificiales&#46; El 73&#37; report&#243; estar mejor&#44; el 18&#37; refiri&#243; estar igual y el 9&#37; manifest&#243; estar peor&#44; siendo los resultados no estad&#237;sticamente significativos&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Aquellos que no informaron de cambios subjetivos mejoraron su AV&#44; pese a persistir miop&#237;a residual en alguno de sus ojos&#46; El paciente que not&#243; empeoramiento alcanz&#243; una AV de 1&#44;0 en ambos ojos y nula tinci&#243;n de Oxford&#46; No se reportaron complicaciones&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El SOS cr&#243;nico post-LASIK puede presentarse con multitud de s&#237;ntomas y degradar la calidad &#243;ptica&#44; debido a las aberraciones de alto orden<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46; Esto ocurre en entre el 0&#44;8 y 44&#37; de los casos y el alivio de signos y s&#237;ntomas suele requerir de m&#250;ltiples tratamientos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;3</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Uno de estos tratamientos es la LPI&#46; Este es un novedoso tratamiento para el SOS evaporativo que mejora el BUT de la pel&#237;cula lagrimal&#44; mediante la aplicaci&#243;n de calor hacia las gl&#225;ndulas de Meibomio<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;7</span></a>&#46; En pacientes con disfunci&#243;n de las gl&#225;ndulas de Meibomio refractaria a m&#250;ltiples tratamientos&#44; la LPI disminuye los s&#237;ntomas en el 81&#37; de casos y mejora la calidad de la pel&#237;cula lagrimal<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; Denoyer et al&#46; refirieron que el &#237;ndice de progresi&#243;n de aberraciones de alto orden se correlaciona inversamente con el BUT y el OSDI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46; Por lo tanto&#44; si la LPI mejora la calidad lagrimal esto podr&#237;a traducirse en una mejor&#237;a de la AV&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En su estudio de 109 ojos tratados con LPI tras LASIK&#44; Schallhorn et al&#46; reportaron una mejor&#237;a de 1&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>s en el BUT&#44; mientras que nosotros obtuvimos una mejor&#237;a similar de 1&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>s<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#46; Al igual que lo ya reportado por el anterior grupo&#44; tanto el grado de severidad DEWS como el BUT de nuestros pacientes mejoraron significativamente tras las 4 sesiones de LPI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; nuestros 11 pacientes presentaron mejor&#237;a significativa en la AVSC y no significativa en AVcc&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Encontramos una mejor&#237;a promedio de 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>l&#237;neas de AVSC&#44; casi una l&#237;nea de AVcc&#44; disminuci&#243;n no significativa del EE y cabe destacar que el 75&#37; de los ojos qued&#243; em&#233;trope&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En los estudios de LPI que refieren mejor&#237;a del SOS en pacientes operados de LASIK&#44; no se presentan resultados refractivos detallados<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;9</span></a>&#46; Petzold et al&#46; s&#237; encontraron mejor&#237;a visual en un caso de SOS cr&#243;nico post-LASIK&#44; de 4 a&#241;os de duraci&#243;n&#44; tras 12<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min de terapia de pulsaci&#243;n t&#233;rmica vectorizada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>&#46; En aquel &#250;nico caso&#44; la AV mejor&#243; de 0&#44;6 a 0&#44;8 en ambos ojos y la paciente redujo el uso de l&#225;grimas artificiales de 64 a 4-5 veces al d&#237;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La LPI tambi&#233;n mejora los s&#237;ntomas en pacientes de cirug&#237;a refractiva y reduce la frecuencia de uso de l&#225;grimas artificiales<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#8211;9</span></a>&#46; El 55&#37; de los pacientes operados de LASIK mejoran sus s&#237;ntomas y disminuye el promedio de puntuaci&#243;n en los cuestionarios de ojo seco<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;9</span></a>&#46; En nuestro estudio el 73&#37; de los pacientes manifestaron mejor&#237;a sintom&#225;tica&#44; mientras que la puntuaci&#243;n promedio del cuestionario vari&#243; de 34 a 28 puntos&#46; Tras la LPI&#44; el 55&#37; redujo la frecuencia de uso de l&#225;grimas artificiales y destacamos que el promedio de molestias visuales asociadas a pantallas&#44; ambientes secos o lectura tambi&#233;n disminuy&#243;&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las limitaciones del presente estudio incluyen su naturaleza retrospectiva&#44; la evaluaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica realizada por un solo facultativo&#44; la variedad de tratamientos utilizados por los pacientes&#44; quienes mantuvieron sus tratamientos durante el estudio&#44; la falta de medici&#243;n de aberraciones pre- y post-LPI y la falta de seguimiento a largo plazo&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados sugieren que la LPI podr&#237;a mejorar los s&#237;ntomas y reducir el uso de l&#225;grimas artificiales en pacientes operados de LASIK con SOS cr&#243;nico&#46; Se precisan m&#225;s estudios&#44; con m&#225;s pacientes y mayor seguimiento&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Financiaci&#243;n</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los autores declaran no haber recibido financiaci&#243;n para este estudio&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conflicto de intereses</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los autores declaran no tener ning&#250;n inter&#233;s de propiedad o comercial en los productos mencionados en el presente trabajo&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se presentan los resultados cl&#237;nicos y visuales obtenidos en un estudio retrospectivo de una serie de casos de pacientes con s&#237;ndrome de ojo seco &#40;SOS&#41; evaporativo cr&#243;nico&#44; tras cirug&#237;a refractiva&#44; manejados con luz pulsada intensa &#40;LPI&#41;&#46; Se realizaron 4 sesiones de LPI&#46; Contestaron el cuestionario <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Ocular Surface Disease Index</span> &#40;OSDI&#41; antes del inicio de LPI y despu&#233;s de la &#250;ltima sesi&#243;n&#46; Se registr&#243; AV&#44; refracci&#243;n&#44; valoraci&#243;n cl&#237;nica &#40;grado de severidad DEWS y grado de tinci&#243;n Oxford&#41; y topograf&#237;a Orbscan&#46; Se trataron 20 ojos con los siguientes valores pre- y post-LPI&#58; Schirmer<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I 14&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#44;6&#59; 15&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#44; BUT 3&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;6&#59; 5&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>s &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#44; DEWS 3&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&#59; 1&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;7 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#44; grado Oxford 0&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;77&#59; 0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;75 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#44; AV 0&#44;67<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;26&#59; 0&#44;90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;15 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;0001&#41;&#44; AVcc 0&#44;83<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;18&#59; 0&#44;92<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;14 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#44; EE &#8722;0&#44;31<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&#59; &#8722;0&#44;08<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;38<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>D &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#44; OSDI 34<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16&#59; 28<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#44;0 puntos &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#44; uso de l&#225;grimas 3&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;0&#59; 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;9 veces&#47;d&#237;a &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;03&#41;&#46; Se registr&#243; mejor&#237;a visual y cl&#237;nica significativa&#44; mejor&#237;a sintom&#225;tica y disminuci&#243;n de uso de l&#225;grimas artificiales&#44; tras LPI&#44; en pacientes operados de LASIK con SOS evaporativo cr&#243;nico&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A report is presented on the visual and clinical results from a retrospective case series of patients with chronic&#44; evaporative&#44; dry eye syndrome &#40;DES&#41;&#44; after refractive surgery&#44; and treated with intense pulsed light treatment &#40;IPL&#41;&#46; Four sessions were performed&#44; and the Ocular Surface Disease Index &#40;OSDI&#41; questionnaire was completed before initiating treatment and after the last session&#46; Pre- and post-treatment data included&#58; visual acuity &#40;VA&#41;&#44; refraction&#44; clinical evaluation &#40;DEWS severity grading&#44; and Oxford corneal staining&#41;&#44; and Orbscan topography&#46; Twenty eyes were treated and the following data recorded&#58; Schirmer<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I 14&#46;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#46;6&#59; 15&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#44; tear breakup time &#40;TBUT&#41; 3&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;6&#59; 5&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>s &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;003&#41;&#44; DEWS 3&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;5&#59; 1&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;7 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;003&#41;&#44; Oxford grade 0&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;77&#59; 0&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;75 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;003&#41;&#44; VA 0&#46;67<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;26&#59; 0&#46;90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;15 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;0001&#41;&#44; best corrected VA 0&#46;83<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;18&#59; 0&#46;92<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;14 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;003&#41;&#44; spherical equivalent &#8722;0&#46;31<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;6&#59; &#8722;0&#46;08<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;38<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>D &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;003&#41;&#44; OSDI 34<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16&#59; 28<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#46;0 points &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;003&#41;&#44; frequency artificial tear use 3&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;0&#59; 2&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;9 times&#47;day &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;03&#41;&#46; A significant clinical and visual improvement was observed&#44; together with a decreased frequency in artificial tear use&#44; in LASIK patients with chronic DES after IPL treatment&#46;</p></span>"
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    ]
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Resultados visuales pre- y post-LPI&#46; Se registra mejor&#237;a visual tras el tratamiento con LPI &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;004&#41;&#46; Se calcul&#243; correlaci&#243;n positiva en el incremento de valores m&#237;nimos de AVSC post-LPI&#46;</p>"
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      1 => array:7 [
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        "etiqueta" => "Figura 2"
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        "mostrarFloat" => true
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        "figura" => array:1 [
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A&#41; Resultados promedio de puntos del cuestionario OSDI&#44; pre- y post-LPI&#46; Se registr&#243; disminuci&#243;n del promedio en el 67&#37; de los s&#237;ntomas y actividades diarias&#59; en el 33&#37; restante no se registraron cambios o empeoraron &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#46; Se registr&#243; una disminuci&#243;n del promedio de molestias asociadas a la agudeza visual &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#46; B&#41; Se registr&#243; mejor&#237;a en el 100&#37; de las actividades diarias y molestias&#44; arriba descritas&#44; y una reducci&#243;n en el promedio de frecuencia de uso de l&#225;grimas artificiales diarias y molestias &#40;rango 1-7 veces&#47;d&#237;a&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41;&#46;</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se registraron casos sin y con complicaciones durante la cirug&#237;a refractiva &#40;1 distrofia de membrana basal y un ojo con flap completo transoperatorio y 3 casos Bioptics &#91;un ojo con historia de endocrecimiento epitelial&#93;&#41;&#46;</p><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">AV&#58; agudeza visual&#59; AVcc&#58; agudeza visual con corregida&#59; DEWS&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dry Eye Workshop</span>&#59; DMB&#58; distrofia membrana basal&#59; EE&#58; equivalente esf&#233;rico&#59; LASIK&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">laser assisted in situ keratomileusis</span>&#59; LPI&#58; luz pulsada intensa&#59; OD&#58; ojo derecho&#59; OI&#58; ojo izquierdo&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
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Información del artículo
ISSN: 03656691
Idioma original: Español
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es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos