Determinar la posible existencia de diferencias en el control de la hipertension en sujetos ancianos en comparacion con hipertensos jovenes.
DisenoEstudio observacional retrospectivo de las diferencias entre las tensiones arteriales sistolica (TAS) y diastolica (TAD) iniciales y finales, y su relacion con la inclusion en tratamiento farmacologico, asi como el control obtenido segun tipo y cambios de tratamiento, asociacion farmacologica, revisiones periodicas, enfermedad vascular o factores de riesgo.
EmplazamientoZona Basica de Salud de Azpilagana en Pamplona, con caracteristicas urbanas.
PacientesSe estudiaron retrospectivamente 389 hipertensos: 196 de 70 o mas anos y 193 de 45-60 anos.
Resultados principalesMas pacientes mayores fueron tratados con farmacos (91,8 frente a 84,5%, p = 0,024) y recibian tratamiento combinado con 2 farmacos (30,1 frente a 19,7%, p < 0,001), aunque son los jovenes los que con mayor frecuencia reciben mas de 2 antihipertensivos (11,4 frente a 2,5%, p < 0,001). El control final (< 140/90) se consiguio con mas frecuencia entre los jovenes (39,9 frente a 26,5%, p = 0,005). En el grupo de pacientes mayores la mayor tension diastolica inicial se relaciono con el control tensional final. Mas pacientes mayores siguieron las revisiones periodicas en el centro de salud (73,3 frente a 63,7%, p < 0,001), pero esta practica solo mejoro el control relativo (. 140/90) en los jovenes (p = 0,001). En pacientes mayores se emplearon mas diureticos (p < 0,001) y menos bloqueadores beta (p < 0,001), sin diferencias en otros antihipertensivos.
ConclusionesHay diferencias en el tratamiento y control de los pacientes hipertensos en relacion a su edad. Los pacientes mayores con hipertension diastolica se controlan mas facilmente. En conjunto, y en ambos grupos analizados, el porcentaje de sujetos normotensos tras tratamiento es superior al resenado en otros estudios.
To determine possible differences between the control of hypertension in elderly patients and in young patients.
DesignRetrospective observation study of the differences between initial and final systolic and diastolic blood pressure, of their relationship to inclusion in medical treatment, and of the control obtained with different kinds of, and changes in, treatment, of drug association, periodic checkups, vascular disease and risk factors.
SettingThe urban Azpilagana Health District in Pamplona.
Patients389 hypertense patients were studied retrospectively: 196 of 70 or over and 193 between 45 and 60.
Main resultsMore older patients were treated medically (91.8% vs 84.5%, p = 0.024), and received combined two-drug treatment (30.1% vs 19.7%, p < 0.001), although the young people received more than two hypertension drugs more often (11.4% vs 2.5%, p < 0.001). Final control (<140/90) was achieved more often among young people (39.9% vs 26.5%, p = 0.005). In the older patients group initial higher diastolic pressure was related to final pressure control. More older patients had periodic check-ups at the health centre (73.3% vs 63.7%, p < 0.001), but this practice only improved relative control (≤ 140/90) in young people (p = 0.001). Older patients used more diuretics (p < 0.001) and less beta-blockers (p < 0.001), with no differences for other hypertension drugs.
ConclusionsThere are differences based on age in treatment and control of hypertension patients. Older patients with diastolic hypertension are controlled more easily. Altogether and in both groups analysed, the percentage of people with normal pressure after treatment was higher than in other studies.