Splenic lesions secondary to acute pancreatitis are uncommon; thus, it is very rare to find a splenic abscess complicating this disease.
The patient was a man with a history of chronic alcohol-induced pancreatitis complicated by two pancreatic pseudocysts that were treated by percutaneous puncture. The patient was readmitted 30 days later complaining of abdominal pain. Laboratory findings, ultrasound and computed tomography led to a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and multiple splenic abscesses. The patient underwent splenectomy and received systemic antibiotics, with a satisfactory outcome.
The compression of the splenic hilum by a pseudocyst or inflamed pancreas can produce splenic infarction, which facilitates splenic infection and abscess. The rareness of this disease and the nonspecific clinical signs can delay diagnosis and treatment, favoring the development of sepsis and multiorgan failure. Ultrasound and computed tomography are valuable tools for the early diagnosis of this lesion. Splenectomy, with drainage and systemic antibiotics, was the treatment of choice in our patient.