metricas
covid
Buscar en
Cirugía Española
Toda la web
Inicio Cirugía Española Diagnóstico y tratamiento de las fístulas anorrectales complejas
Información de la revista
Vol. 76. Núm. 3.
Páginas 142-148 (septiembre 2004)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 76. Núm. 3.
Páginas 142-148 (septiembre 2004)
Acceso a texto completo
Diagnóstico y tratamiento de las fístulas anorrectales complejas
Diagnosis and treatment of complex anorectal fistulas
Visitas
32716
Albert Navarro1
Autor para correspondencia
a.navarro.l@telefonica.net

Correspondencia: Unidad de Coloproctología. Departamento de Cirugía General. Hospital Mútua de Terrassa. Plaza Dr. Robert, 5. 08221 Terrassa (Barcelona). España.
, Marc Martí, María Isabel García-Domingo, Rafael Gómez, Constancio Marco
Unidad de Coloproctología. Hospital Mútua de Terrassa. Terrassa (Barcelona). España
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
Descargar PDF
Estadísticas
Resumen

La fístula de ano (FA) es una entidad con una alta incidencia. La mayoría es simple y su tratamiento quirúrgico altamente resolutivo. Sin embargo, hay un grupo de fístulas con unas características que las convierten en complejas, tanto desde el punto de vista de su diagnóstico como de su tratamiento.

Se revisa la metodología de estudio y tratamiento de las FA complejas y se analizan los métodos diagnósticos, entre los que destacan la utilidad de la anamnesis y exploración física, y las dos principales técnicas de imagen: la ecografía endorrectal y la resonancia magnética. A continuación se detallan las diferentes técnicas potencialmente utilizables en el tratamiento de la fístula compleja, haciendo especial hincapié en la puesta a plano, el colgajo endorrectal de avance, y la utilización de sedales y cola de fibrina.

Se expone el algoritmo terapéutico utilizado por los autores en el tratamiento de las fístulas anales complejas

Palabras clave:
Fístula anal compleja
Incontinencia
Recidivada
Ecografía endoanal
Resonancia magnética pélvica

The incidence of anal fistula is high. Most anal fistulas are simple and surgical treatment has a high success rate. However, because of their characteristics, the diagnosis and treatment of some fistulas is complex.

The methodology of the study and treatment of complex anal fistulas is reviewed. Diagnostic methods are analyzed, especially the utility of history-taking and physical examination, and the two main imaging techniques, endorectal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. The various techniques that could potentially be used in the treatment of complex fistulas are also described with special emphasis on the lay open technique, endorectal advancement flap, and the use of setons and fibrin glue.

The therapeutic algorithm used by the authors in the treatment of complex anal fistulas is described.

Key words:
Complex anal fistula
Incontinence
Recurrence
Endoanal ultrasonography
Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
R. Nelson.
Anorectal abscess fistula: what do we know?.
Surg Clin North Am, 82 (2002), pp. 1139-1151
[2.]
A.G. Parks.
Pathogenesis and treatment of fistula-in-ano.
BMJ, 1 (1961), pp. 463-469
[3.]
B.C. Morson, I.M.P. Dawson.
Blackwell Scientific, (1972),
[4.]
K.I. Deen, J.G. Williams, R. Hutchinson, M.R. Keighley, D. Kumar.
Fistulas in ano: endoanal ultrasonographic assessment assists decision making for surgery.
Gut, 35 (1994), pp. 391-394
[5.]
P.J. Law, R.W. Talbot, C.I. Bartram, J.M. Northover.
Anal endosonography in the evaluation of perianal sepsis and fistula in ano.
Br J Surg, 76 (1989), pp. 752-755
[6.]
D.M.O. Cheong, J.J. Nogueras, S.D. Wexner, D.G. Jagelman.
Anal endosonography for recurrent anal fistulas. Image enhancement with Hydrogen Peroxide.
Dis Colon Rectum, 36 (1993), pp. 1158-1160
[7.]
A.C. Poen, R.J. Felt-Bersma, Q.A. Eijsbouts, M.A. Cuesta, S.G. Meuwissen.
Hydrogen peroxide-enhanced transanal ultrasound in the assessment of fistula-in-ano.
Dis Colon Rectum, 41 (1998), pp. 1147-1152
[8.]
J.B. Kruskal, R.A. Kane, M.M. Morrin.
Peroxide-enhanced anal endosonography: technique, image interpretation, and clinical applications.
[9.]
A. Navarro-Luna, M.I. García-Domingo, J. Rius-Macías, C. Marco.
Ultrasound study of anal fistulas with hydrogen peroxide enhancement.
Dis Colon Rectum, 47 (2004), pp. 108-114
[10.]
A.J. Lengyel, N.G. Hurst, J.G. Williams.
Pre-operative assessment of anal fistulas using endoanal US.
Colorectal Dis, 4 (2002), pp. 436-440
[11.]
J. Morris, J.A. Spencer, N.S. Ambrose.
MR imaging classification of perianal fistulas and its implications for patient management.
FRCS Radiographics, 20 (2000), pp. 623-635
[12.]
P.J. Lunniss, P.G. Barker, A.H. Sultan, P. Armstrong, R.H. Reznek, C.I. Bartram, et al.
Magnetic resonance imaging of fistula-in-ano.
Dis Colon Rectum, 37 (1994), pp. 708-718
[13.]
J. Stoker, S.M. Hussain, D. Van Kemper, A.J. Elevelt, J.S. Lameris.
Endoanal coil in MR imaging of anal fistulas.
[14.]
T. Sonoda, T. Hull, M.R. Piedmonte, V.W. Fazio.
Outcomes of primary repair of anorectal and rectovaginal fistulas using the endorectal advancement flap.
Dis Colon Rectum, 45 (2002), pp. 1622-1628
[15.]
S.C. Chang, J.K. Lin.
Change in anal continence after surgery for intersphincteral anal fistula: a functional and manometric study.
Int J Colorectal Dis, 18 (2003), pp. 111-115
[16.]
P.H. Gordon, S. Nivatvongs.
Principles and practice of surgery for the colon, rectum, and anus. St. Louis.
pp. 267-270
[17.]
S.M. Sentovich.
Fibrin glue for anal fistulas: long-term results.
Dis Colon Rectum, 46 (2003), pp. 498-502
[18.]
I. Lindsey, M.M. Smilgin-Humphreys, C. Cunningham, N.J. Mortensen, B.D. George.
A randomized, controlled trial of fibrin glue vs. conventional treatment for anal fistula.
Dis Colon Rectum, 45 (2002), pp. 1608-1615
[19.]
O. Zmora, N. Mizrahi, N. Rotholtz, A.J. Pikarsky, E.G. Weiss, J.J. Nogueras, et al.
Fibrin glue sealing in the treatment of perineal fistulas.
Dis Colon Rectum, 46 (2003), pp. 584-589
[20.]
J.J. Park, J.R. Cintron, C.P. Orsay, R.K. Pearl, R.L. Nelson, J. Sone, et al.
Repair of chronic anorectal fistulae using commercial fibrin sealant.
Arch Surg, 135 (2000), pp. 166-169
[21.]
J. García-Aguilar, C. Belmonte, D.W. Wong, S.M. Goldberg, R.D. Madoff.
Cutting seton versus two-stage seton fistulotomy in the surgical management of high anal fistula.
[22.]
Courtney JS Mc, I.G. Finlay.
Cutting seton without preliminary internal sphincterotomy in management of complex high fistula-in-ano.
Dis Colon Rectum, 39 (1996), pp. 55-58
[23.]
S LakshmiratanV Parkash, V. Gajendran.
Fistula-in-ano: teatment by fistulectomy, primary closure and reconstitution.
Aust N Z J Surg, 55 (1985), pp. 23-27
[24.]
S.N. Amin, G.M. Tierney, J.N. Lund, N.C. Armitage.
V-Y advancement flap for treatment of fistula-in-ano.
Dis Colon Rectum, 46 (2003), pp. 540-543
[25.]
Pino A Del, R.L. Nelson, R.K. Pearl, H. Abcarian.
Island flap anoplasty for treatment of transsphincteric fistula-in-ano.
Dis Colon Rectum, 39 (1996), pp. 224-226
[26.]
D. Matos, P.J. Lunniss, R.K. Phillips.
Total sphincter conservation in high fistula in ano: results of a new approach.
Br J Surg, 80 (1993), pp. 802-804
[27.]
C.V. Mann, M.A. Clifton.
Re-routing of the track for the treatment of high anal and anorectal fistulae.
Br J Surg, 72 (1985), pp. 134-137
[28.]
Y. Hongo, A. Kurokawa, Y. Nishi.
Open coring-out (function-preserving) technique for low fistulas.
Dis Colon Rectum, 40 (1997), pp. S104-S106
[29.]
J.C. Bernal-Sprekelsen, J. López, P. Esclapez, R. Trullenque.
Fistulectomía tipo core out modificada. Abordaje personal.
Cir Esp, 67 (2000), pp. 462-465
[30.]
D. García-Olmo, M. García-Arranz, L.G. García, E.S. Cuellar, I.F. Blanco, L.A. Prianes, et al.
Autologous stem cell transplantation for treatment of rectovaginal fistula in perianal Crohn’s disease: a new cellbased therapy.
Int J Colorectal Dis, 18 (2003), pp. 451-454
[31.]
F. Seow-Choen, RKS. Phillips.
Insights gained from the management of problematical anal fistulae at St Mark’s Hospital, 1984-88.
Br J Surg, 78 (1991), pp. 539-541
[32.]
A.J. Malouf, G.N. Buchanan, E.A. Carapeti, S. Rao, J. Guy, E. Westcott, et al.
A prospective audit of fistula-in-ano at St. Mark’s hospital.
Colorectal Dis, 4 (2002), pp. 13-19
[33.]
J. García-Aguilar, C.S. Davey, C.T. Le, A.C. Lowry, D.A. Rothenberger.
Patient satisfaction after surgical treatment for fistula-in-ano.
Dis Colon Rectum, 43 (2000), pp. 1206-1212
[34.]
D.D. Zimmerman, M.P. Gosselink, W.C. Hop, M. Darby, J.W. Briel, W.R. Schouten.
Impact of two different types of anal retractor on fecal continence after fistula repair: a prospective, randomized, clinical trial.
Dis Colon Rectum, 46 (2003), pp. 1674-1679
[35.]
C.A. Maxwell-Armstrong, R.K. Phillips.
Extrasphincteric rectal fistulas treated successfully by Soave’s procedure despite marked local sepsis.
Br J Surg, 90 (2003), pp. 237-238
Copyright © 2004. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
Descargar PDF
Opciones de artículo
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos