Información del artículo
Resumen
El mejor tratamiento para los tumores primarios y metastásicos del hígado es la resección quirúrgica, pero esto es factible sólo en una pequeña parte de los pacientes. En los últimos años se han desarrollado otros tratamientos y los pacientes inoperables pueden ser sometidos a técnicas ablativas que pueden erradicar el tumor, disminuyendo al mínimo la pérdida de tejido hepático funcional que es inevitable con la resección convencional. La aplicación de frío, mediante criocirugía, y la aplicación de calor, mediante radiofrecuencia, microondas o láser permiten el control local del tumor y a veces prolongar la supervivencia. Hemos revisado las indicaciones, técnica, complicaciones y resultados de estas prometedoras técnicas ablativas.
Palabras clave:
Tumores hepáticos
Criodestrucción
Radiofrecuencia
Microondas
Láser
The best treatment for primary and metastatic tumors of the liver is surgical resection but this is feasible in only a minority of patients. In recent years, new treatments have been developed, and patients with inoperable tumors can be treated with ablative techniques that can destroy the tumor, minimizing the amount of functional liver tissue destroyed, which is inevitable with conventional surgical resection. The use of cold, with cryoablation, and the use of heat, with radiofrequency, microwaves, and laser allows focal control and sometimes prolongs survival. We review the indications, technique, complications, and results of these promising ablative methods.
Key words:
Hepatic tumors
Cryodestruction
Radiofrequency
Microwaves
Laser
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