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Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis Lipodistrofia y alteraciones metabólicas en pacientes infectados por el virus d...
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Vol. 13. Núm. 6.
Páginas 254-259 (enero 2001)
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Vol. 13. Núm. 6.
Páginas 254-259 (enero 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Lipodistrofia y alteraciones metabólicas en pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana tratados con inhibidores de la proteasa
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3151
F.J. del Valle Gutiérrez1, F.J. Gómez Rodrigo
Servicio de Medicina Interna. Sección de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Severo Ochoa. Leganés. Madrid
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Información del artículo
Antecedentes

Se ha descrito que la terapéutica antirretroviral de gran actividad induce el desarrollo de lipodistrofia, hipertrigliceridemia, hipercolesterolemia e hiperglucemia

Objetivo y métodos

Describir la frecuencia y las características clínicas de las alteraciones de los lípidos plasmáticos y de la lipodistrofia en pacientes infectados con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana tratados durante un período mínimo de 18 meses con fármacos antirretrovirales

Resultados

Se analizó a 154 pacientes que recibieron tratamiento con distintos inhibidores de la transcriptasa inversa, de los cuales 66 recibieron también tratamiento con indinavir, 59 con saquinavir y 29 con ritonavir. Desarrollaron lipodistrofia 65 pacientes (42,2%), el cholesterol total antes del tratamiento en este subgrupo de pacientes era de 170,2 ± 43,8 mg/dl (media ± DE), y al final del tratamiento fue de 208,2 ± 59,8 mg/dl (p = 0,001); la cifra de triglicéridos antes del tratamiento era de 147,3 ± 91,0 mg/dl, y después del mismo ascendió a 265,5 ± 277,2 mg/dl (p = 0,003). Al final del período de tratamiento, del total de los 154 pacientes incluidos en el estudio, en 38 (24,7%) el colesterol total era superior a los 240 mg/dl y en 38 (24,7%) los triglicéridos eran superiores a 200 mg/dl. Los cambios en los lípidos plasmáticos precedieron a la aparición de las manifestaciones de lipodistrofia y de las distintas variables analizadas; la administración de zidovudina se asoció con la aparición de lipodistrofia

Conclusión

El tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad produce un aumento significativo del colesterol total y de los triglicéridos plasmáticos que precede a la aparición de lipodistrofia. Una notable proporción de pacientes después del tratamiento presentan concentraciones plasmáticas de colesterol y/o triglicéridos por encima de los valores deseables

Palabras clave:
Antirretrovirales
Colesterol
Lipodistrofia
Sida
Triglicéridos
Background

A syndrome of lipodystrophy, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia has been described in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy

Objective and methods

To describe the frequency, clinical characteristics and changes in serum lipids in patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus with a follow-up of 18 months

Results

One hundred and fifty four patients were analysed. All of them received treatment with several reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Indinavir, saquinavir and ritonavir were added to treatment in 66, 59 and 29 patients, respectively. Sixty five patients (42.2%) developed lipodystrophy. In this subgroup, total cholesterol before therapy was 170.2 ± 43.8 mg/dl (mean ± SD) and after treatment was 208.2 ± 59.8 mg/dl (p = 0.001), and serum triglycerides before therapy were 147.3 ± 91.0 mg/dl, and more to 265.5 ± 277.2 mg/dl after treatment. At the end of follow-up, 38 patients (24.7%) had serum cholesterol above 240 mg/dl and 38 patients (24.7%) had serum triglycerides higher than 200 mg/dl. Changes in plasma lipids preceded the development of lipodistrophy and only zidovudine was associated with the development of lipodistrophy

Conclusion

This study suggests that antiretroviral therapy induces a significant increase of serum cholesterol and triglycerides that precedes the development of lipodistrophy. A high proportion of patients showed serum cholesterol and/or triglycerides above the desirable levels

Key words:
Antiretroviral therapy
Cholesterol
Lipodistrophy
Aids
Triglycerides
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Copyright © 2001. Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis y Elsevier España, S.L.
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