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Vol. 10. Núm. 31.
Páginas 119-146 (enero 2007)
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Vol. 10. Núm. 31.
Páginas 119-146 (enero 2007)
Open Access
Endeudamiento, dividendos y estructura de propiedad como determinantes de los problemas de agencia en la gran empresa española
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F. López Iturriaga
,
Autor para correspondencia
flopez@eco.uva.es

Corresponding author.
, P. Saona Hoffmann**
* Facultad de CC. Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad de Valladolid. Avda. Valle del Esgueva 6. 47011 Valladolid. Tel. +34-983-423000 (ext. 4395). Fax +34-983-423899
** Facultad de CC. Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad de Valladolid. Facultad de CC. Económicas y Administrativas. Universidad Austral de Chile
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Resumen

El presente trabajo analiza la influencia de la estructura de capital, la estructura de propiedad y la política de dividendos sobre la discrecionalidad directiva. A diferencia de estudios anteriores, hemos tratado de identificar algunas manifestaciones de los costes de agencia y hemos examinado el efecto que sobre ellos tienen estos mecanismos de control. Para ello hemos definido dos medidas de costes de agencia, la primera referente a la eficiencia directiva en el aprovechamiento de los activos y la segunda relativa a los costes de uso más discrecional. Se observa que la estructura de capital (tanto en su vertiente de nivel de endeudamiento como de procedencia de los recursos ajenos) no parece actuar como mecanismo de disciplina directiva mientras que la estructura de propiedad presenta una cierta repercusión, aunque debe desglosarse en dos componentes diferenciados: la concentración de la propiedad y el nivel de propiedad directiva. La política de dividendos, por su parte, también desempeña un relevante papel como forma de atenuar la eventual discrecionalidad directiva.

Palabras clave:
costes de agencia
dividendos
estructura de capital
estructura de propiedad
Abstract

In this paper we analyse the impact of the capital structure, the ownership structure and the payout policy on managers’ discretionary decisions. We have identified some manifestations of the agency costs and we have examined the effect of the mechanisms of control on the agency costs. Based on two measures of the agency costs concerning managers’ efficiency on assets performance and on the most discretionary costs, our results stress the role of the mechanisms of control. The capital structure does not seem to work as a mechanism to monitor the managers whereas the ownership structure plays a relevant role and can be divided into two issues: the equity ownership concentration and the managers’ ownership. The payout policy has a relevant influence on managers control too.

Key words:
Agency costs
payout
capital structure
ownership structure
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