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Inicio Endocrinología y Nutrición Edad, diabetes y riesgo de fractura
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Vol. 51. Núm. 2.
Páginas 77-82 (febrero 2004)
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Vol. 51. Núm. 2.
Páginas 77-82 (febrero 2004)
Acceso a texto completo
Edad, diabetes y riesgo de fractura
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E. Torres
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etove@eresmas.net

Correspondencia: Dra. E. Torres Vela. Granada, 33. Barrio de Monachil. 18193 Granada. España
, R. Reyes, D. Fernández, M. De la Higuera, M. Quesada
Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Clínico San Cecilio. Granada. España
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La osteoporosis se define como “enfermedad esquelética sistémica caracterizada por baja masa ósea y deterioro de la microarquitectura del tejido óseo, con el consiguiente aumento de la fragilidad del hueso y la susceptibilidad a fracturas”. Se denomina osteoporosis primaria a la que acontece durante el período de envejecimiento fisiológico y, en la mujer, a la pérdida ósea relacionada con la menopausia. La osteoporosis secundaria es la que aparece por otros desórdenes o tras la toma de fármacos. La relación entre diabetes y osteoporosis es controvertida. En varios estudios, la diabetes tipo I se asocia, por diversos factores, a la disminución de la densidad mineral ósea (DMO). El control metabólico, la duración de la diabetes y la presencia o no de complicaciones son variables analizadas en estudios de DMO y diabetes. Los efectos de la diabetes tipo II sobre la DMO son igualmente inconsistentes. La mayoría de los estudios muestra una DMO normal, disminuida o incrementada. Pocos estudios relacionan la diabetes con el incremento de riesgo de fractura.

Osteoporosis is defined as a “skeletal systemic disease characterized by reduced bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue microarchitecture, leading to increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture™. Primary osteoporosis refers to osteoporosis occurring during the period of physiologic aging and, in women, to bone loss related to menopause. Secondary osteoporosis is caused by another medical condition or by drugs.

The link between diabetes and osteoporosis is controversial. In several studies, due to various factors, type I diabetes was associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD). The variables analyzed in studies of BMD and diabetes are metabolic control, time from onset of diabetes, and the presence or absence of complications.

The effects of type II diabetes on BMD are equally inconsistent. Most studies report normal, reduced or increased BMD. Few studies report an association between diabetes and an increased fracture risk.

Palabras clave:
Diabetes
Osteoporosis
Riesgo de fractura
Densidad mineral ósea
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Bibliografía
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Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
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