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Inicio Endocrinología y Nutrición Papel del flúor en la osteoporosis
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Vol. 51. Núm. 7.
Páginas 426-432 (agosto 2004)
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Vol. 51. Núm. 7.
Páginas 426-432 (agosto 2004)
Acceso a texto completo
Papel del flúor en la osteoporosis
Role of fluor in osteoporosis
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D.A. De luis Román
Autor para correspondencia
Dadluis@yahoo.es

Correspondencia: D.A. de Luis Román. Director Instituto de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Perales, 16. 47130 Valladolid. España
, R. Aller de la Fuente, J. De Luis, J.L. Pérez, M. González
Instituto de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Facultad de Medicina. Valladolid. Unidad de apoyo a la investigación. Hospital Universitario Río Hortega. Valladolid. España
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Fluor is a salt present in our body in a small amount (mg). Fluor and parathormone are the only currently available options for increasing bone formation. The aim of this article was to review the studies analyzing the utility of fluor in the treatment of osteoporosis. A search was performed of the MEDLINE database using the key terms fluor and osteoporosis. Because of the variety of designs of these studies and the type and dose of salt used, firm conclusions cannot be reached. To date, only one metaanalysis has been performed, which included 11 studies with 1429 patients and a 4-year follow-up of treatment with fluor, with comparison of fluor as monotherapy with placebo. An increase of spinal bone mass in the group receiving fluor treatment was detected at 2 years (8.1%) and at 4 years (16.1%). The relative risk of new vertebral fractures was not significant at 2 years (0.87 [0.51-9.09]) or at 4 years (0.9 [0.71-1.14]). The relative risk for new nonvertebral fractures was not significant at 2 years (1.2 [95% CI: 0.68-2.1) but was increased at 4 years (1.85 (95% CI: 1.36- 2.5]). Gastrointestinal side effects were similar at 2 years (2.18 [95% CI: 0.86-1.21]) but were increased at 4 years (2.18 [95% CI: 1.69-4.57). Although fluor could be useful in the treatment of osteoporosis, there is a multitude of articles with different designs that do not provide answers to questions such as the differences between fluor and biphosphonates, and the dose and type of fluor salt that should be used.

Palabras clave:
Flúor
Osteoporosis
Revisión
Key words:
Fluor
Osteoporosis
Review

El fluoruro es un ion presente en el cuerpo en cantidades muy pequeñas, en el orden del miligramo. El flúor y la paratirina (PTH) son los únicos tratamientos de los que disponemos en la actualidad con capacidad para estimular la formación ósea. Nos proponemos revisar los trabajos existentes en que se analiza la utilidad del flúor en el tratamiento de la osteoporosis, utilizando como términos claves flúor y osteoporosis en la base de datos Medline. La heterogeneidad de diseño en los estudios, el tipo y la dosis de la sal de flúor utilizada no permiten extraer conclusiones claras. Hasta la fecha sólo existe un metaanálisis, donde se analizan 11 estudios con 1.429 pacientes, con un seguimiento de 4 años, donde se comparó el flúor como monoterapia frente a placebo. Como conclusiones se obtuvieron que el incremento de la masa ósea espinal fue superior en el grupo tratado con flúor tanto a los 2 (8,1%) como a los 4 años (16,1%). El riesgo relativo para nuevas fracturas vertebrales no fue inferior ni a los 2 años (0,87 [intervalo de confianza {IC} del 95%, 0,51- 9,09]) ni a los 4 años (0,9 IC del 95%, 0,71-1,14]). El riesgo relativo de nuevas fracturas no vertebrales no fue inferior a los 2 años (1,2 [IC del 95%, 0,68-2,1]) pero sí fue superior a los 4 años (1,85 [IC del 95%, 1,36- 2,5]). Los efectos secundarios gastrointestinales no fueron superiores a los 2 años (riesgo relativo = 2,18 [IC del 95%, 0,86-1,21]) pero sí a los 4 años (riesgo relativo = 2,18 [IC del 95%, 1,69-4,57]). Por tanto, aunque parece que el flúor puede ser útil en el tratamiento de la osteoporosis, hay multitud de trabajos con diferentes diseños en que todavía no se ha conseguido contestar a preguntas como las posibles diferencias con los bisfosfonatos, la dosis y tipo de sal de flúor que se debe utilizar.

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Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
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