Información del artículo
Actualmente existen numerosas pruebas de laboratorio para el diagnóstico y el seguimiento de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus:determinación de glucemia en ayunas y posprandial, autoanálisis de glucemia capilar, presencia de cuerpos cetónicos, hemoglobina glucosilada y fructosamina, microalbuminuria y determinación de marcadores genéticos y de autoinmunidad. La evidencia científica que respalda cada una de ellas varía sustancialmente y las guías de práctica clínica proporcionan las recomendaciones con mayor soporte científico junto con otras basadas tan sólo en consensos de expertos. En este trabajo se revisan las determinaciones de laboratorio más importantes en diabetes mellitus y se evalúa su grado de evidencia científica.
Palabras clave:
Diabetes mellitus
Análisis de laboratorio
Glucemia
Hemoglobina glucosilada
Numerous laboratory tests for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with diabetes mellitus are currently available: fasting and postprandial glycemia, self monitoring blood glucose, ketone bodies, glycosylated hemoglobin, fructosamine, microalbuminuria and genetic and autoimmune markers. The scientific evidence supporting these tests varies substantially and the recommendations with the greatest scientific support are provided by clinical practice guidelines together with others based only on expert consensus. In this article, the most important laboratory analyses in diabetes are reviewed and their degree of scientific evidence is evaluated.
Key words:
Diabetes mellitus
Laboratory analyses
Glucemia
Glycosylated hemoglobin
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Este trabajo ha sido posible gracias a las ayudas del FIS (Instituto Carlos III, Ministerio de Sanidad) a través de la Red de Grupo de Diabetes (GO3/212) y al Plan Andaluz de Investigación (PAI-368).
Copyright © 2006. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
