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Vol. 55. Núm. S2.
Guía de actualización en el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2 y sus complicaciones
Páginas 53-57 (marzo 2008)
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Vol. 55. Núm. S2.
Guía de actualización en el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2 y sus complicaciones
Páginas 53-57 (marzo 2008)
Guía de actualización en el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2 y sus complicaciones
Acceso a texto completo
Tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 con insulina
Insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes
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13822
E. Solá Izquierdoa,b, K. García Malpartidaa, A. Hernández Mijaresa,b,
Autor para correspondencia
hernandez_antmij@gva.es

Correspondencia: Dr. A. Hernández Mijares. Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset. Avda. Gaspar Aguilar, 90. 46017 Valencia. España.
a Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset. Valencia. España
b Departamento de Medicina. Universitat de Valencia. Valencia. España
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En la evolución natural de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, la capacidad secretora de insulina por el páncreas se agota de forma progresiva, empeorando el control glucémico. Por ello, en la historia natural del paciente diabético tipo 2, el tratamiento suele pasar de dieta y ejercicio físico a antidiabéticos orales y, finalmente, suele ser necesario el tratamiento con insulina para lograr un buen control metabólico. Cuando aún existe reserva pancreática, la asociación de insulina a antidiabéticos orales es la mejor opción, y puede optarse por utilizar una dosis de análogo de acción lenta, de insulina premezclada o de insulina NPH.

Cuando la reserva pancreática está agotada o cuando no se logra un buen control del paciente con una única dosis de insulina, se debe plantear el tratamiento con varias dosis de insulina premezclada, o bien el régimen basal-bolo. La decisión entre ambos tipos de tratamiento debe realizarse de forma individual, en función de las características individuales del paciente.

Palabras clave:
Insulina
Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Tratamiento

In the natural history of type 2 diabetes, pancreatic insulin secretion is progressively depleted and metabolic control worsens. Treatment of these patients usually starts with diet and exercise, with subsequent use of oral glucose-lowering drugs, finally ending with insulin therapy to achieve good metabolic control. When there is still endogenous insulin secretion, the combination of insulin and oral glucose-lowering drugs is usually preferred, using a once-daily long-acting insulin analog, premixed insulin, or NPH insulin. When the patient no longer has any endogenous insulin secretion, or when good metabolic control cannot be achieved with a once-daily regimen, treatment with several insulin doses is required. This treatment consists of a basal-bolus regimen or several doses of premixed insulin. The choice between the 2 types of treatment should be based on the patient's individual characteristics.

Key words:
Insulin
Type 2 diabetes
Treatment
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Copyright © 2008. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
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