covid
Buscar en
Endocrinología y Nutrición (English Edition)
Toda la web
Inicio Endocrinología y Nutrición (English Edition) Strength training improves insulin sensitivity and plasma lipid levels without a...
Información de la revista
Vol. 58. Núm. 4.
Páginas 169-174 (abril 2011)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 58. Núm. 4.
Páginas 169-174 (abril 2011)
Original article
Acceso a texto completo
Strength training improves insulin sensitivity and plasma lipid levels without altering body composition in overweight and obese subjects
El entrenamiento con pesas mejora la sensibilidad a la insulina y los niveles plasmáticos de lípidos, sin alterar la composición corporal en sujetos con sobrepeso y obesidad
Visitas
1952
Óscar Hernán Jiméneza, Robinson Ramírez-Vélezb,
Autor para correspondencia
robin640@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Programa de Profesional en Deporte y Actividad Física, Escuela Nacional del Deporte, Cali, Colombia
b Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
Descargar PDF
Estadísticas
Abstract
Objective

To assess the effect of long-term strength training on insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and body composition in overweight and obese subjects.

Materials and methods

A prospective, randomized, interventional study of 16 overweight or obese subjects aged 18–35 years who were investigated before and at the end of 8 weeks of strength training. The experimental group (n=8) followed a strength training program consisting of 4 sessions per week at 50% to 80% of repetition maximum (RM), estimated through the 1RM test. The control group (n=8) did not perform the training program. Glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, VLDL-C, and LDL-C levels and arterial index were determined. Insulin sensitivity was measured by calculating HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance). Indicators of body composition included weight, height, waist circumference, body fat, fat weight, muscle mass, somatotype chart and distance.

Results

At the end of intervention, the experimental group showed decreased insulin sensitivity (3.5±0.9 vs. 2.9±1.2; p=0.04), LDL-C (106.9±20.8 vs. 95.5±14.2; p=0.03) and arterial index (4.0±0.6 vs. 3.5±0.5; p=0.01) values and increased HDL-C levels (43.7±8.8 vs. 46.9±5.6; p=0.04), while the control group remained stable. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding body composition, somatotype chart or distance after training.

Conclusions

In overweight and obese subjects, strength training for eight weeks improved insulin sensitivity and lipid profile without altering body composition.

Keywords:
Exercise
Strength training
Overweight
Obesity
Insulin sensitivity
Lipids
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar el efecto del entrenamiento con pesas a largo plazo en la sensibilidad a la insulina, el perfil lipídico y la composición corporal en sujetos con sobrepeso y obesidad.

Materiales y métodos

Estudio prospectivo de intervención y aleatorizado en 16 sujetos con sobrepeso u obesidad entre los 18 y los 35 años de edad, distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos: a) grupo experimental (n=8), 6 semanas de entrenamiento con pesas, 4 sesiones/semana, a intensidades entre el 50 y el 80% de la repetición máxima (RM), obtenida a través de la prueba de 1RM, y b) grupo control (n=8), que no desarrolló el programa de entrenamiento. Se evaluaron los valores de glucosa, insulina, colesterol total, triglicéridos, colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de alta densidad (cHDL), colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad, colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (cLDL) e índice arterial. La sensibilidad a la insulina se determinó mediante el cálculo del índice HOMA-RI (del inglés Homeostatic Model Assessment–Insulin Resistance). Los indicadores de composición corporal y antropométrica fueron peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura, grasa corporal, peso graso, masa muscular, carta y distancia somatotípica.

Resultados

Al finalizar la intervención, se observó en el grupo experimental una disminución de la sensibilidad a la insulina (3,5±0,9 frente a 2,9±1,2; p=0,04); cLDL (106,9±20,8 frente a 95,5±14,2; p=0,03) e índice arterial (4,0±0,6 frente a 3,5±0,5; p=0,01), así como un aumento de cHDL (43,7±8,8 frente a 46,9±5,6; p=0,04), mientras que en el grupo control no se evidenciaron cambios. No se observaron diferencias significativas en la composición corporal, carta y distancia somatotípica tras el entrenamiento en ninguno de los dos grupos.

Conclusiones

En sujetos con sobrepeso y obesidad, el entrenamiento con pesas durante 8 semanas mejora la sensibilidad a la insulina y el perfil lipídico sin alterar la composición corporal.

Palabras clave:
Ejercicio
Fuerza
Sobrepeso
Obesidad
Sensibilidad a insulina
Lípidos
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
References
[1.]
J.A. Berlin, G.A. Colditz.
A Meta-Analysis of Physical Activity in the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease.
Am J Epidemiol, 132 (1990), pp. 612-628
[2.]
K.E. Powel, P.D. Thompson, C.J. Caspersen.
Physical Activity and the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease.
Annu Rev Public Health, 8 (1987), pp. 253-287
[3.]
I.M. Lee.
Physical Activity and Cancer Prevention-Data from Epidemiologic Studies.
Med Sci Sports Exerc, 35 (2003), pp. 1823-1827
[4.]
S. Teelucksingh.
What do we do about the problem of overweight and obesity in the Americas?.
Rev Panam Salud Publica, 13 (2003), pp. 275-276
[5.]
ICBF, Profamilia, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Universidad de Antioquia, OPS. Encuesta Nacional de la situación nutricional en Colombia (ENSIN). Bogotá: 2005.
[6.]
E. Jacoby.
The obesity epidemic in the Americas: making healthy choices the easiest choices.
Rev Panam Salud Publica, 15 (2004), pp. 278-284
[7.]
Ministerio de Protección Social. Encuesta Nacional de Salud. ENS 2007 [accessed 2010 Apr 10]. Available from: http://www.minproteccionsocial.gov.co/VBeContent/library/documents/DocNewsNo18358DocumentNo9089.pdf.
[8.]
C.K. Roberts, R.J. Barnard.
Effects of exercise and diet on chronic disease.
J Appl Physiol, 98 (2005), pp. 3-30
[9.]
N. Oldridge.
Physical activity in primary and secondary prevention - there is a treatment gap.
Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil, 10 (2003), pp. 317-318
[10.]
J.N. Morris, M.D. Crawford.
Coronary heart disease and physical activity of work;evidence of a national necropsy survey.
Br Med J, 2 (1958), pp. 1485-1496
[11.]
O.L. Charansonney, J.P. Després.
Disease prevention -should we target obesity or sedentary lifestyle?.
Nat Rev Cardiol, 7 (2010), pp. 468-472
[12.]
H. Kyröläinen, M. Santtila, B.C. Nindl, T. Vasankari.
Physical fitness profiles of young men: associations between physical fitness, obesity health.
Sports Med, 40 (2010), pp. 907-920
[13.]
D.H. Wasserman, L. Kang, J.E. Ayala, P.T. Fueger, R.S. Lee-Young.
The physiological regulation of glucose flux into muscle in vivo.
J Exp Biol, 214 (2011), pp. 254-262
[14.]
H.N. Ginsberg.
Treatment for patients with metabolic syndrome.
Am J Cardiol, 91 (2003), pp. 29E-39E
[15.]
K.A. Shaw, H.C. Gennat, P. O’Rourke, C. Del Mar.
Exercise for overweight or obesity.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (2006),
[16.]
P.C. Wong, M.Y. Chia, I.Y. Tsou, G.K. Wansaicheong, B. Tan, J.C. Wang, et al.
Effects of a 12-week exercise training programme on aerobic fitness, body composition, blood lipids and C-reactive protein in adolescents with obesity.
Ann Acad Med Singapore, 37 (2008), pp. 286-293
[17.]
G.P. Nassis, K. Papantakou, K. Skenderi, M. Triandafillopoulou, S.A. Kavouras, M. Yannakoulia, et al.
Aerobic exercise training improves insulin sensitivity without changes in body weight, body fat, adiponectin, and inflammatory markers in overweight and obese girls.
Metabolism, 54 (2005), pp. 1472-1479
[18.]
A.G. Knuth, R.M. Bielemann, S.G. Silva, T.T. Borges, G.F. Del Duca, M.M. Kremer, et al.
Public knowledge on the role of physical activity in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and hypertension: a population-based study in southern Brazil.
Cad Saude Publica, 25 (2009), pp. 513-520
[19.]
J. Eriksson, J. Tuominen, T. Valle, S. Sundberg, A. Sovijarvi, H. Lindholm, et al.
Aerobic endurance exercise or circuit-type resistance training for individuals with impaired glucose tolerance?.
Horm Metab Res, 30 (1998), pp. 37-41
[20.]
R.S. Paffenbarger, R.T. Hyde, A.L. Wing, C.C. Hsieh.
Physical activity, all-cause mortality, and longevity of college alumni.
N Engl J Med, 314 (1986), pp. 605-613
[21.]
W.L. Haskell, I.M. Lee, R.R. Pate.
Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association.
Circulation, 116 (2007), pp. 1081-1093
[22.]
A. Albright, M. Franz, G. Hornsby.
American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and type 2 diabetes.
Med Sci Sports Exerc, 32 (2000), pp. 1345-1460
[23.]
I.M. Vuori.
Dose-response of physical activity and low back pain, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis.
Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33 (2001), pp. S551-S586
[24.]
K. Shaw, H. Gennat, P. O’Rourke, C. Del Mar.
Exercise for overweight or obesity.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (2006),
[25.]
K.M. Pollock.
Exercise in treating depression: broadening the psychotherapist's role.
J Clin Psychol, 57 (2001), pp. 1289-1300
[26.]
K. Kishi, K. Ochiai, Y. Ohta.
Highly sensitive cholesterol assay with enzymatic cycling applied to measurement of remnant lipoprotein-cholesterol in serum.
Clin Chem, 48 (2002), pp. 737-741
[27.]
W.T. Friedewald, R.I. Levy, D.S. Fredrickson.
Estimation of the concentration of LDL in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge.
Clin Chem, 18 (1972), pp. 499-502
[28.]
Grassi J, Pradelles P. Compounds labelled by the acetylcholinesterase of Electrophorus Electricus. Its preparation process and its use as a tracer or marquer in enzymoimmunological determinations. United States patent, N° 1,047,330. September 10, 1991.
[29.]
C.A. López, R. Ramírez-Vélez, C.E.G. Gallardo, L.C. Marmolejo.
Características morfofuncionales de individuos físicamente activos.
Iatreia, 21 (2008), pp. 121-128
[30.]
J.E.L. Carter.
The Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype. Instruction manual.
San Diego State University, (2002),
[31.]
D.P. Robert, D.R. Baimbridge.
Healthy physique.
Am J Phys Anthropol, 21 (1993), pp. 342-370
[32.]
J. Parízková, P. Buzcova.
Relationship between skinfdold thickness measured by harpenden caliper and desitometric analysis of total body fat in men.
Hum Biol, 43 (1971), pp. 15-21
[33.]
P. Armitage, G. Berry.
Further Experimental Designs.
Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 3rd ed, pp. 237-282
[34.]
E. Klimcakova, J. Polak, C. Moro, J. Hejnova, M. Majercik, N. Viguerie, et al.
Dynamic strength training improves insulin sensitivity without altering plasma levels and gene expression of adipokines in subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese men.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 91 (2006), pp. 5107-5112
[35.]
A.S. Ryan, D.E. Hurlbut, M.E. Lott, F.M. Ivey, J. Fleg, B.F. Hurley, et al.
Insulin action after resistive training in insulin resistant older men and women.
J Am Geriatr Soc, 49 (2001), pp. 247-253
[36.]
B.D. Kretschmer, P. Schelling, N. Beier.
Modulatory role of food, feeding regime and physical exercise on body weight and insulin resistance.
Life Sciences, 76 (2005), pp. 1553-1573
[37.]
L.J. Goodyear, F. Giorgino, T.W. Balon, G. Condorelli, R.J. Smith.
Effects of contractile activity on tyrosine phosphoproteins and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in rat skeletal muscle.
Am J Physiol, 268 (1995), pp. E987-E995
[38.]
K.A. Shaw, H.C. Gennat, P. O’Rourke, C. Del Mar.
Exercise for overweight or obesity.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (2006),
[39.]
J.L. Durstine, P.W. Grandjean, C.A. Cox, P.D. Thompson.
Lipids, lipoproteins, and exercise.
J Cardiopulm Rehabil, 22 (2002), pp. 385-398
[40.]
G.A. Kelley, K.S. Kelley.
Aerobic Exercise HDL2-C: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Atherosclerosis, 184 (2006), pp. 207-215
[41.]
A.E. Hardman.
Physical activity, obesity and blood lipids.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 23 (1999), pp. S64-S67
Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
Opciones de artículo
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos