Información del artículo
Abstract
Infections remain a major complication of solid organ transplantation. For this reason, the clinical microbiology laboratory plays a key role in the success of transplant programs, which must have the support of a qualified laboratory, both technically and professionally. Transplant programs strongly condition the structure and functionality of microbiology laboratories, but at the same time, benefit greatly from the knowledge generated from these programs. The laboratory must make a special effort to implement rapid methods that can respond to the broad spectrum of potential pathogens in solid organ transplant patients. The integration of microbiologists in multidisciplinary teams is highly recommended, as only then can they obtain the highest quality and efficiency in the diagnostic process. This article provides an updated review of the techniques to be used once transplantation has occurred. The role of the microbiologist is also crucial in the pretransplant period, as good microbiological candidate evaluation at this time strongly conditions the success of the transplantation program.
Keywords:
Laboratory diagnosis
Role of the microbiology laboratory
Solid organ transplantation
Transplantation microbiology
Resumen
Las infecciones siguen siendo una importante complicación del trasplante de órgano sólido. Por esta razón, el laboratorio de microbiología clínica desempeña un papel clave en el éxito de los programas de trasplante. Estos programas deben tener el apoyo de un laboratorio cualificado, tanto técnica como profesionalmente. Los programas de trasplante condicionan fuertemente la estructura y funcionalidad de los laboratorios de microbiología, pero al mismo tiempo se benefician enormemente del conocimiento generado alrededor de dichos programas. El laboratorio debe hacer un esfuerzo especial en la puesta en marcha de métodos rápidos que den respuesta al amplio espectro de potenciales patógenos en los pacientes de trasplantes sólidos. La integración del microbiólogo en los equipos multidisciplinares es muy recomendable y sólo así se puede obtener la calidad y mayor eficiencia del proceso diagnóstico. En este artículo se lleva a cabo una puesta al día de las técnicas utilizables una vez que se ha realizado el trasplante. No obstante, el papel del microbiólogo es también crucial en el período previo al trasplante, ya que una buena evaluación microbiológica del candidato en este momento condiciona fuertemente el éxito del programa de trasplante.
Palabras clave:
Diagnóstico de laboratorio
Microbiología del trasplante
Papel del laboratorio de microbiología
Trasplante de órgano sólido
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