metricas
covid
Buscar en
Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
Toda la web
Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Darunavir en pacientes avanzados con multirresistencias. Estudios POWER, DUET y ...
Información de la revista
Vol. 26. Núm. S10.
Darunavir
Páginas 23-31 (octubre 2008)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 26. Núm. S10.
Darunavir
Páginas 23-31 (octubre 2008)
Acceso a texto completo
Darunavir en pacientes avanzados con multirresistencias. Estudios POWER, DUET y BENCHMRK
Darunavir in patients with advanced HIV and multiresistance. The POWER, DUET and BENCHMRK studies
Visitas
3247
Piedad Arazo Garcésa,
Autor para correspondencia
parazo@salud.argon.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet. Paseo Isabel La Católica, 1-3. 50009 Zaragoza. España.
, Teresa Omiste Sanvicenteb
a Servicio de Medicina Interna. Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet. Zaragoza. España
b Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet. Zaragoza. España
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo

Darunavir (DRV) es un nuevo inhibidor de proteasa (IP) muy activo frente a cepas del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) salvajes y multirresistentes, que se une firmemente a la proteasa del VIH-1, presenta una potente afinidad por la proteasa, y potenciado con una dosis subterapéutica de ritonavir tiene un perfil de resistencias favorable y no coincidente con los IP actuales.

En los ensayos clínicos en fase IIb (estudios POWER 1 y 2), tras determinar la dosis óptima, se observó su gran eficacia virológica e inmunológica muy superior a la de los IP con los que se comparó. Los resultados del estudio en fase III (POWER 3) ratifican de nuevo la eficacia y seguridad de DRV, y los 3 estudios POWER demuestran su elevada barrera genética frente a las mutaciones que confieren resistencias a otros IP, aunque la sensibilidad basal de DRV y las mutaciones específicas a este IP influyen en su respuesta virológica.

Se ha demostrado que cuando hay 2 o más antirretrovirales activos frente al VIH con multirresistencias se obtienen mejores respuestas terapéuticas. En los estudios en fase III (DUET 1 y DUET 2) en los que se administra junto con un nuevo inhibidor de la transcriptasa inversa, la etravirina, se observa que si se administran estos 2 fármacos en pacientes con alta experiencia en el tratamiento antirretroviral puede conseguirse, en una elevada proporción de casos, la supresión de la viremia plasmática y la recuperación inmunológica. Estos datos se ratifican con los resultados de los estudios BENCHMRK, en los que el DRV estaba incluido en el tratamiento optimizado en un importante número de pacientes. En estos ensayos se observó que cuando se administraba con el inhibidor de la integrasa, el raltegravir, la indetectabilidad tanto en la rama del raltegravir como en la del control mejoraba de forma importante respecto a los resultados globales de la rama control.

Palabras clave:
Infección VIH
Multirresistencia
Darunavir
Etravirina
Raltegravir

Darunavir is a new protease inhibitor. This drug is highly active against wild-type and multiresistant HIV strains, binds strongly to the HIV-1 protease, has extremely high affinity for the protease and, when enhanced by subtherapeutic doses of ritonavir, has a favorable resistance profile differing from that of current protease inhibitors (PIs).

After determining the optimal dose, phase IIb clinical trials (POWER studies 1 and 2) observed much higher virological and immunological efficacy with darunavir than with the comparator PIs. The results of a phase III clinical trial (POWER 3) provide further support for the safety and efficacy of darunavir, and the three POWER studies demonstrate the high genetic barrier of this drug against mutations conferring resistance to other PIs, although the baseline sensitivity of darunavir and the specific mutations to this PI influence the virological response.

Better therapeutic responses have been obtained when there are two or more antiretroviral drugs active against multiresistant HIV strains. The phase III trials (DUET 1 and 2), in which darunavir was administered with the new nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, etravirine, found that if these two drugs were administered in highly treatment-experienced patients, a large percentage showed suppression of plasma viremia and immunological recovery. These data have been supported by the results of the BENCHMARK studies, in which darunavir was included in an optimized regimen in a substantial number of patients. In these trials, when darunavir was administered with the integrase inhibitor, raltegravir, undetectable viral loads both in the raltegravir arm and in the control group were substantially improved with respect to the overall results obtained in the control group.

Key words:
HIV infection
Multiresistance
Darunavir
Etravirin
Raltegravir
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
K.A. Sepkowitz.
AIDS– the first 20 years.
N Engl J Med, 344 (2001), pp. 1764-1772
[2.]
V. Tozzi, M. Zaccarelli, S. Bonfigli, P. Lorenzini, G. Liuzzi, M.P. Trotta, et al.
Drug-class-wide resistance to antiretrovirals in HIV-infected patients therapy: prevalence, risk factors and virological outcome.
Antivir Ther, 11 (2006), pp. 553-560
[3.]
D. Richman, S. Morton, T. Wrin, N. Hellmann, S. Berry, M.F. Shapiro, et al.
The prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance in the United States.
AIDS, 18 (2004), pp. 1393-1401
[4.]
Panel de expertos de GESIDA y Plan Nacional sobre el SIDA.
Recomendaciones de GESIDA/PNS respecto al tratamiento antirretroviral en pacientes adultos infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin, 25 (2007), pp. 32-53
[5.]
S. De Meyer, H. Azijn, D. Surleraux, D. Jochmans, A. Tahri, R. Pauwels, et al.
TMC114, a novel human immunodefi ciency virus type 1 protease inhibitor active against protease inhibitor-resistant viruses, including a broad range of clinical isolates.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 49 (2005), pp. 2314-2321
[6.]
B. Clotet, N. Bellos, J.M. Molina, D. Cooper, J.C. Goffard, A. Lazzarin, et al.
Efficacy and safety of darunavir-ritonavir at week 48 in treatment-experienced patients with HIV-1 infection in POWER 1 and 2: a pooled subgroup analysis of data from two randomised trials.
Lancet, 369 (2007), pp. 1169-1178
[7.]
C. Katlama, R. Espósito, J.M. Gatell, J.C. Goffard, B. Grinsztejn, A. Pozniak, The POWER 1 study group.
Efficacy and safety of TMC114/ritonavir in treatment-experienced HIV patients: 24-week results of POWER 1.
[8.]
A. Pozniak, D. Jayaweera, J. Hoy, S. De Meyer, E. De Paepe, F. Tomaka, et al.
Efficacy of darunavir/ritonavir in treatment-experienced patients at 96 weeks in the POWER 1 and 2 trials.
Program and abstracts of the 11th European Aids Conference,
[9.]
A. Lazzarin, F. Queiroz-Telles, I. Frank, J. Rockstroh, S. Walmsley, E. De Paepe, et al.
TMC114 provides durable viral load suppression in treatment-experienced patients: POWER 1 and 2 combined week 48 analysis.
Program and abstracts of XVI International AIDS Conference,
[10.]
K. Arasteh, B. Grinsztejn, M. De Bethune, T. Van De Casteele, S. Spinosa-Guzman.
Efficacy analysis of darunavir/r in treatment-experienced POWER 3 patients at week 96.
Program and abstracts of the 11th European Aids Conference,
[11.]
S. De Meyer, T. Vangeneugden, E. Lefebvre, et al.
Phenotypic and genotypic determinants of TMC114 (darunavir) resitance: POWER 1, 2 and 3 pooled análisis.
Program and abstracts of the 8th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV infection,
[12.]
C. Cohen, R. Falcon, A. Rinehart, E. Lefebvre.
Factors influencing Darunavir/ ritonavir efficacy in treatment-experienced HIV Patients: POWER1, 2 and 3 pooled 48 week analysis.
Program and abstracts of the 44th IDSA,
[13.]
J.P. Nadler, D.S. Berger, G. Blick, P.J. Cimoch, C.J. Cohen, R.N. Greenberg, et al.
Efficacy and safety of etravirine (TMC125) in patients with highly resistant HIV-1: primary 24-week analysis.
AIDS, 21 (2007), pp. F1-F10
[14.]
A. Lazzarin, T. Campbell, B. Clotet, M. Johnson, C. Katlama, A. Moll, et al.
Efficacy and safety of TMC125 (etravirine) in treatment-experienced HIV-1 infected patients in DUET-2: 24-week results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
[15.]
J.V. Madruga, P. Cahn, B. Grinsztejn, R. Haubrich, J. Lalezari, A. Mills, et al.
Efficacy and safety of TMC125 (etravirine) in treatment-experienced HIV-1 infected patients in DUET-1: 24-week results from a randomised, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial.
[16.]
R. Haubrich, P. Cahn, B. Grinsztejn, J. Lalezari, J.V. Madruga, A. Mills, On behalf of the DUET-1 study group, et al.
DUET-1: Week 48 results of a Phase III randomized double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of etravirine (ETR; TMC125) versus placebo in 612 treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients.
Program and abstracts of the 15th Conference on Retroviruses and Oportunistic Infections,
[17.]
M. Johnson, T. Campbell, B. Clotet, C. Katlama, A. Lazzari, M. Peeters, The DUET-2 study group, et al.
DUET-2:Week 48 results of a Phase III randomized double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of etravirine (ETR; TMC125) versus placebo in 591 treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients.
Program and abstracts of the 15th Conference on Retroviruses and Oportunistic Infections,
[18.]
C. Katlama, J.M. Gatell, J.M. Molina, M. Peeters, J. Vingerhoets, B. Woodfall.
Pooled 24-week results of DUET-1 and -2: efficacy of TMC125 in treatmentexperienced HIV-1-Infected patients.
Program and abstracts of the 11th European Aids Conference,
[19.]
V.A. Johnson, F. Brun-Vezinet, B. Clotet, H.F. Gunthard, D.R. Kuritzkes, D. Pillay, et al.
Update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1: 2007.
Top HIV Med, 15 (2007), pp. 119-125
[20.]
J. Vingerhoets, B. Clotet, M. Peeters, G. Picchio, L. Tambuyzer, K. Cao Van, et al.
Impact of baseline NNRTI mutations on the virological response to TMC125 (etravirine; ETR) in the DUET-1 and DUET-2 Phase III Clinical Trials.
Program and abstracts of the 11th European Aids Conference,
[21.]
G. Di Perri, P.M. Girard, N. Clumeck, M. Peeters, M. Janssens, G. De Smedt.
Pooled 24-week results of Duet-1 and -2: TMC125 (etravirine; ETR) safety and tolerability in treatment-experienced, HIV-1-infected patients.
Program and abstracts of the 11th European Aids Conference,
[22.]
D.J. Hazuda, P. Felock, M. Witmer, A. Wolfe, K. Stillmock, J.A. Grobler, et al.
Inhibitors of strand transfer that prevent integration and inhibit HIV-1 replication in cells.
Science, 287 (2000), pp. 646-650
[23.]
M. Miller, M. Witmer, K. Stillmock, P. Felock, L. Ecto, J. Flynn, et al.
Biochemical and antiviral activity of MK-0518, a potent HIV integrase inhibitor.
Program and abstracts of the 16th International AIDS Conference,
[24.]
P. Cahn, O. Sued.
Raltegravir: a new antiretroviral class for salvage therapy.
Lancet, 369 (2007), pp. 1235-1236
[25.]
M. Markowitz, J.O. Morales-Ramírez, B.-Y. Nguyen, et al.
Antirretroviral activity, pharmacokinetics, and tolerability of MK-0518, a novel inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase, dosed as monotherapy for 10 days in treatment-naive HIV-1–infected individuals.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 43 (2006), pp. 509-515
[26.]
D.A. Cooper, J. Gatell, J. Rockstroh, C. Katlama, P. Yeni, A. Lazzarin, For The BENCHMRK-1 Study Group, et al.
48-week results from BENCHMRK-1, a phase III Study of raltegravir (RAL) in patients failing antiretroviral therapy (ART) with triple-class resistant HIV-1.
Program and abstracts of the 15th Conference on Retroviruses and Oportunistic Infections,
[27.]
R. Steigbigel, P. Kumar, J. Eron, M. Schechter, M. Markowitz, M. Loutfy, For the BENCHMRK-2 Study Group, et al.
48-week results from BENCHMRK-2, a Phase III study of raltegravir (RAL) in patients failing antiretroviral therapy (ART) with triple-class resistant HIV-1.
Program and abstracts of the 15th Conference on Retroviruses and Oportunistic Infections,
[28.]
Ficha técnica de raltegravir.
Copyright © 2008. Elsevier España S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
Descargar PDF
Opciones de artículo
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos