The effects of cognitive behaviour therapy and assertiveness training in chronic low self-esteem clients

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that can disturb individual life. The signs symptoms of schizophrenia can be positive and negative. Negative symptoms can be chronic low self-esteem (CLSE). The research aims to investigate the change of symptoms CLSE after cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and Assertiveness Training (AT). The research method is operational research, with a total sample was 30 clients without a control group. The instrument used to measure the symptoms of CLSE was instruments from the Faculty of Nursing Universitas Indonesia. The results of this study showed that the symptoms decreased significantly (p-value ≤ 0.05) from 22.03 to 2.63 after obtaining CBT. The symptoms decreased significantly (p-value ≤ 0.05) from 2.63 to 0.9 after obtaining CBT and AT. Giving a combination of CBT and AT is highly recommended for the management of chronic low self-esteem clients.