El concepto de equipo en la investigación sobre efectividad en equipos de trabajo

Bayona Bohórquez, Jaime Andrés

doi:10.1016/S0123-5923(12)70208-5

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Resumen

El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar cómo ha sido empleado el concepto de equipo de trabajo en las investigaciones realizadas en contextos organizacionales entre el 2000 y el 2010. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura especializada en la que se encontró que las unidades de análisis de las investigaciones (equipos) no son construidas adecuadamente ya que no se siguen límites claros en el número de integrantes, cantidad de tiempo de interacción de estos, y características propias de las organizaciones estudiadas; además, se encontró que la efectividad de los equipos se concentra especialmente en la productividad, más no en variables de tipo grupal o individual. A partir de estos resultados se proponen dos áreas de intervención e investigación futura.

Palabras clave:

Grupos de trabajo

equipos de trabajo

efectividad

Abstract

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the way in which the work team concept has been used in research in organizational settings between 2000 and 2010. A literature review was done in which the main findings were: 1) The research units of analysis (teams) are not constructed properly, with no clear boundaries in terms of number of members, amount of time spent in interaction among the members, and specific characteristics of the organizations studied, 2) Team effectiveness focuses primarily on productivity outcomes, but not on group or individual variables. Based on these results, two areas of intervention and future research are proposed.

Keywords:

Work groups

work teams

effectiveness

Resumo

O objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar forma como foi usado o conceito de equipe de trabalho nas investigações realizadas em contextos organizacionais entre os anos 2000 e 2010. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura especializada onde se verificou que as unidades de análise das investigações (equipes) não são construídas adequadamente, uma vez que não seguem limites claros quanto ao número de participantes, quantidade de tempo de sua interação, e características próprias das organizações estudadas; que a eficiência das equipas se concentra em especial na produtividade, mas não em variáveis do tipo de grupo ou individual. A partir desses resultados são propostas duas áreas de intervenção e investigação futura.

Palavras chave:

Grupos de trabalho

equipas de trabalho

eficiência

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