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Evaluación vascular funcional por ecografía en pacientes pediátricos con riesgo cardiovascular, desarrollo de protocolo de estudio
Functional vascular assessment with ultrasound in pediatric patients with cardiovascular risk: Development of study protocol
Visitas
2839
Álvaro Arizaa
a Médico radiólogo, Clínica del Country, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Álvaro Jácome
,b
b Médico pediatra, Clínica del Country, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Este artículo ha recibido

Under a Creative Commons license
Recibido 06 Junio 2014. Aceptado 01 Agosto 2014
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Estadísticas
RESUMEN
Objetivo

Desarrollar un protocolo de estudio con ultrasonido para establecer riesgo cardiovascular en la población pediátrica.

Metodología

Se desarrolló un protocolo de estudio mediante ultrasonido para evaluar el riesgo cardiovascular en la población pediátrica que evalúa el estado de la reacción vascular.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 50 sujetos en edad pediátrica entre enero y junio del 2012, once pacientes con antecedentes de enfermedad de Kawasaki y 39 pacientes sin antecedentes para riesgo cardiovascular. En 17 pacientes sin antecedentes cardiovasculares no se pudo realizar la prueba en forma completa por falta de colaboración o datos incompletos. La edad promedio de los pacientes sanos fue de 75 meses y en los pacientes con enfermedad de Kawasaki fue de 68 meses. Las pruebas que se realizaron midieron parámetros vasculares físicos y funcionales. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las dos poblaciones, aunque se demostró una tendencia de aumento en la velocidad de onda de pulso, con disminución de la capacidad de distensión en los pacientes con enfermedad de Kawasaki con respecto a los sanos.

Conclusiones

Se desarrolló un protocolo de estudio mediante ultrasonido para evaluar el riesgo cardiovascular en la población pediátrica. Este estudio ecográfico puede ser rutinariamente realizado en niños mayores de tres años, en los niños menores de treinta meses, el estudio es limitado por falta de colaboración de estos. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la población normal y la de riesgo cardiovascular. Dada la limitación del tamaño de la muestra se hace necesario ampliarla con el objeto de evaluar la tendencia observada.

Palabras clave:
Riesgo Cardiovascular
Enfermedad de Kawasaki
Ecografía vascular
ABSTRACT
Objective

To develop an ultrasound study protocol to establish cardiovascular risk in the pediatric population.

Materials and methods

An ultrasound protocol to assess cardiovascular risk was developed to evaluate vascular reactivity in the pediatric population.

Results

Fifty pediatric patients were recruited between January and June 2012. Eleven patients had a history of Kawasaki’s disease, and 40 patients with no history of cardiovascular risk. In 17 patients with no history of cardiovascular disease, the test could not be fully performed due to lack of collaboration. The mean age of the healthy subjects was 75months, and in patients with Kawasaki’s disease it was 68months. The test performed included vascular physical and functional parameters. The test did not find significant differences between the two populations, although a trend of increasing pulse wave velocity associated with reduced distensibility was found in patients with Kawasaki’s disease compared to the healthy subjects.

Conclusions

This protocol can be routinely performed in cooperative patients but is limited in children under thirty months of age due to lack of collaboration. No significant differences between the normal and cardiovascular risk population were found. An increase in the sample size is necessary in order to assess the observed trend.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular Risk
Kawasaki Disease
Vascular Ultrasound
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Copyright © 2014. Sociedad Colombiana de Pediatría
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