Estadísticas

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      "titulo" => "Current trends, figures and challenges in out of home child care: An international comparative analysis"
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    "titulo" => "The challenge of reforming child protection in Eastern Europe: The cases of Hungary and Romania"
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        "titulo" => "El reto de reformar la protecci&#243;n de la infancia en Europa del Este&#58; Los ejemplos de Hungr&#237;a y Ruman&#237;a"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This paper discusses the challenges of reforming the child welfare and protection systems in Hungary and Romania &#8211;two countries in transition from socialism to capitalism&#8211; and the impact on children&#44; young people&#44; families&#44; and professionals&#46; Brief overviews of the social&#44; political&#44; and economic characteristics of the two countries and of the evolution of their child welfare systems set the context of discussion&#46; The focus is on the efforts made to deinstitutionalise children from large institutions&#44; develop local prevention services&#44; and develop alternatives to institutional care&#46; The two countries had different starting points in transforming the child protection system&#58; Romania started only after 1989 under political and economic pressures with little internal initiative&#44; whilst Hungary begun in the mid 1980s&#44; being more advanced than other transition countries in developing alternative services&#46; Whilst statistical data show a decline in the care population and a shift between institutionalisation and foster care&#44; demonstrating progress and change&#44; the slow implementation of the reforms generate wide gaps between the UNCRC-based legislation and national plans and the quality of life and wellbeing of children&#46; Among the factors causing this discrepancy are&#58; insufficient financial investment&#44; lack of professionalization and accountability&#44; and underuse of research and evaluation to clarify the link between services and needs&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Este art&#237;culo aborda los retos de la reforma de los sistemas de bienestar y protecci&#243;n de la infancia en Hungr&#237;a y Ruman&#237;a &#8211;dos pa&#237;ses en transici&#243;n del socialismo al capitalismo&#8211; y la repercusi&#243;n en los ni&#241;os&#44; j&#243;venes&#44; familias y profesionales&#46; El contexto del debate lo constituye una breve revisi&#243;n de las caracter&#237;sticas sociales&#44; pol&#237;ticas y econ&#243;micas de ambos pa&#237;ses y de la evoluci&#243;n de sus sistemas de bienestar infantil&#46; El &#233;nfasis se pone en los esfuerzos realizados para desinstitucionalizar a los ni&#241;os de las grandes instituciones y desarrollar servicios locales de prevenci&#243;n y alternativas a la asistencia institucional&#46; Los dos pa&#237;ses ten&#237;an puntos de partida diferentes a la hora de transformar el sistema de protecci&#243;n de la infancia&#46; Ruman&#237;a solo comenz&#243; despu&#233;s de 1989&#44; bajo presiones pol&#237;ticas y econ&#243;micas&#44; con escasa iniciativa interna&#44; mientras que Hungr&#237;a comenz&#243; a mediados de los a&#241;os 80&#44; estando m&#225;s avanzada en el desarrollo de servicios alternativos que otros pa&#237;ses en transici&#243;n&#46; A pesar de que los datos estad&#237;sticos muestran un descenso en la poblaci&#243;n objeto de asistencia y un cambio de la institucionalizaci&#243;n al acogimiento familiar&#44; lo que demuestra avance&#44; la lenta aplicaci&#243;n de las reformas da lugar a grandes desfases entre la legislaci&#243;n inspirada en la UNCR y los planes nacionales y la calidad de vida y bienestar de los ni&#241;os&#46; Entre los factores que explican esta discrepancia se encuentra la deficiente inversi&#243;n&#44; la falta de profesionalizaci&#243;n y fiabilidad y el escaso uso de la investigaci&#243;n y evaluaci&#243;n para esclarecer el v&#237;nculo entre servicios y necesidades&#46;</p>"
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