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Competências Gerenciais e Capacidade para Inovação: O Caso da Electrolux do Brasil S/A
Managerial Competences and Capacity for Innovation: The Case of Electrolux do Brasil S/A.
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Cristina Ferigotti
Doutora em Administração Universidade Positivo (UP), Professora da Faculdade de Ensino Superior do Paraná (FESP/PR), (Brasil)
Bruno Fernandes
Doutor em Administração pela Faculdade de Economia e Administração da Universidade de São, Paulo (FEA-USP), Professor da Universidade Positivo (UP), (Brasil)
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Recibido 14 Junio 2013. Aceptado 31 Octubre 2013
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RESUMO

Este trabalho examinou as relações entre competências individuais de líderes e membros de projeto, rotinas/processos organizacionais e inovação tecnológica, por meio de um estudo de caso na Electrolux do Brasil S/A, Curitiba/PR, no período de 1999 a 2011, considerando um total de 30 projetos e seus resultados em termos de inovação em produtos. Poucos estudos focam nas competências de liderança e sua interação com processos na configuração de inovações. A metodologia privilegiou um estudo de caso longitudinal, com recorte transversal, em perspectiva multinível, com multimétodos. A pergunta que norteou o trabalho foi: Como se deu a interação entre competências gerenciais e rotinas para o desempenho em inovação? Por meio de técnicas de estatística multivariada foi constatada uma interação entre rotinas organizacionais e competências individuais. De forma mais específica, a análise quantitativa observou ausência de associação entre rotinas/processos, se considerados isoladamente, e desempenho em inovação. Porém, quando considerados em conjunto, notou-se impacto sobre a inovação. Já a análise qualitativa das evidências, obtidas por meio de entrevistas, observação e levantamento de documentos, permitiu observar como a interação ocorreu. O resultado reforça o argumento fundamental da teoria sobre capacidades dinâmicas, a saber, que a configuração de recursos que permite a uma organização sustentar sua capacidade de inovar pressupõe uma combinação entre rotinas/processos favoráveis à inovação e competências gerenciais ou gestores competentes, que alocam adequadamente recursos, concebem, aprimoram e aplicam processos, além de liderar equipes com vistas à mudança.

Palavras-chave:
Inovação
Competências
Rotinas
Processos
ABSTRACT

This work examined the relationships among the leaders’ and project members individual competences, organizational routines/processes and technological innovation, through a case study in Electrolux do Brasil S/A, Curitiba/PR, in the period from 1999 to 2011, considering a total of 30 projects and their results in product innovation. Few studies analyze leadership competencies and its interaction with process on product innovation.

The methodology used a longitudinal case study with multilevel and multimethod perspectives. The question that orientated the work was: How was the interaction between managerial competences and routines on performance innovation? Through multivariate statistics it was observed the interaction between organizational routines and individual competences. In a more specific way, the quantitative analysis don’t confirm the association between routines/processes and innovation performance, if they are taken isolated. However, we considered together, they influenced innovation performance. A qualitative analysis was conducted through interviews, observation and document analysis to understand how this interaction happened. The result reinforces a fundamental argument of dynamic capability theory: to sustain innovation capability, an organization must reconfigure its resources base through routines and leadership competencies, or competent managers, who allocate resources, conceive, improve process and routines and lead teams towards change.

Key-words:
Innovation
Competences
Routines
Processes
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