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Construindo uma escala multiitens para avaliar os fatores determinantes do uso de inovação tecnologica na educação a distância
Elaborating a Multi-Items Scale to Evaluate the Decisive Factors for the use of Technological Innovation in Distance Education
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Edvalda Araujo Leal
Doutora em Administração pela Fundação Getúlio Vargas – FGV, Professora da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia – UFU, (Brasil)
Alberto Luiz Albertin
Doutor em Administração pela Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Professor da Fundação Getulio Vargas – FGV, (Brasil)
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Recibido 29 Junio 2014. Aceptado 16 Abril 2015
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RESUMO

O objetivo deste estudo é testar estatisticamente a adequação de um modelo de escala multiitens com intuito de avaliar os fatores que determinam o uso de inovação tecnológica na Educação a Distância, na percepção dos docentes dos cursos de Administração e Ciências Contábeis. Para alcançar o objetivo deste estudo, verificaram-se, por meio de uma pesquisa na literatura, os atributos que influenciam no uso de inovação tecnológica, identificaram-se os construtos propostos por Rogers (1983) e posteriormente ampliados por Moore e Benbasat (1991), fundamentados pela Teoria da Difusão de Inovação (TDI). A amostra do estudo corresponde a 436 docentes atuantes em cursos na modalidade à distância na área de negócios. Os construtos testados são: a vantagem relativa, a compatibilidade, a facilidade de uso, a experimentação, a imagem, a demonstração de resultado, a visibilidade, o voluntarismo e o uso da inovação tecnológica (determinado, neste estudo, o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA)). O teste estatístico utilizado para a validação dos construtos foi a Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC). Após a purificação do modelo, os resultados apontaram que os índices de ajustes do modelo foram adequados, os resultados comprovaram a validade convergente e discriminante, e todos os construtos evidenciaram consistência e confiabilidade. Assim, o modelo de medição tornou-se apropriado, ou seja, os itens medem adequadamente os construtos propostos para avaliar os fatores que determinam o uso de inovação tecnológica na Educação a Distância.

Palavras-chave:
Inovação Tecnológica
Docentes
Educação a Distância
ABSTRACT

This study aims at testing statistically the suitability of a multi-items scale model in order to evaluate the factors that establish the use of technological innovation in Distance Education to the point of view of Business and Accounting professors. To achieve this study’s goal, thought literature research, it was checked the attributes that affects the use of technologic innovation, it also was identified the constructs proposed by Rogers (1983) and later extended by Moore and Benbasat (1991) based on the Theory of Diffusion and Innovation (TDI). The study’s sample is of 436 professors of distance learning business courses. The constructs tested are: relative advantage, compatibility, ease of use, experimentation, image, income statement, visibility, volunteering and the use of technological innovation (established, in this study, by the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE)). Statistic test used to valid the constructs was the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). After purification of the model, the results showed that rates of adjustments of the model were suitable, the results confirmed the convergent and discriminative validity, and all constructs showed consistency and reliability. Thus, the measurement model has become appropriate, ie, the items measure properly the constructs proposed to evaluate the factors that determine the use of technological innovation in Distance Education.

Keywords:
Technological Innovation
Professors
Distance Education
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