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Dinâmica da participação de mercado durante o lançamento de novas marcas em produto de compra rotineira
Market Share Dynamics during New Brand Launching in Routinely Purchased Product
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Rafael Barreiros Porto
Doutor em Ciências do Comportamento pela Universidade de Brasília – UNB, Professor Adjunto da Universidade de Brasília – UNB, (Brasil)
Gabriel Porto Carvalho
Mestrando em Estratégia e Inovação pela Universidade de Brasília – UNB, (Brasil)
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Recibido 08 Marzo 2015. Aceptado 16 Septiembre 2015
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RESUMO

A participação de mercado tem comportamento diário instável. Quando uma nova marca é lançada, ela provoca rupturas na dinâmica do mercado, mas não explica exclusivamente as flutuações desse indicador competitivo. As estratégias de branding e de precificação auxiliam essa explicação. O estudo investiga o impacto da introdução de novas marcas na participação de mercado e o impacto das estratégias de marketing no ponto-de-venda em períodos prévios e posteriores ao lançamento. Utilizou-se delineamento longitudinal de oito marcas de um produto comprado rotineiramente durante 365 dias. As Equações de Estimativas Generalizadas (GEE) mostraram-se adequadas para as regressões em dados de painel. Os resultados revelam que: (1) o lançamento tem um brusco impacto negativo na participação de mercado de todas as marcas pré-existentes durante os primeiros dias e um atenuante impacto semanas depois para quase todas as marcas, com exceção da pioneira; (2) a introdução de marcas explica pouca variação da participação de mercado; (3) as estratégias de precificação e de branding (diferenciação de atributos e de oferta de valor pela percepção dos consumidores) têm efeito exponencial e explicam bastante as dinâmicas das variâncias da participação de mercado; (4) as estratégias de precificação deixam de ter efeitos extremos na participação de mercado com a introdução de marca; e (5) as estratégias de branding passam a ser mais relevantes em períodos pós-lançamento. A pesquisa permite avançar os conhecimentos sobre o desempenho de marcas em períodos de introdução de novas marcas no mercado.

Keywords:
Product Introduction
Market Share
Brand Dynamics
Marketing
Branding
Palavras-chave:
Introdução de Produtos
Participação de Mercado
Dinâmica da Marca
Marketing
Branding
ABSTRACT

Market share on a daily basis has unstable behavior. New brand launch causes disruptions in market dynamics, but it does not explain exclusively the fluctuations in this competitive index. Branding and pricing strategies help to explain these fluctuations. This research examines the impact of introducing new brands on brand share and the impact of marketing strategies at point of sale in prior and subsequent periods of brand launch. Longitudinal design was conducted using eight brands of a routinely purchased product over 365days. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were suitable to analyze the regression of the panel data. The results show that: (1) brand launch has a sharp negative impact on the market share of all pre-existing brands during the subsequent days and a dampening impact weeks later for almost all brands, except for the pioneer; (2) brand introduction explains little variation of market share; (3) pricing and branding (differentiation of attributes and consumer-based brand equity) strategies have exponential effect and quite explain the market share dynamics; (4) pricing strategies (promotional, premium and shelf) no longer have extreme effects on market share with brand introductions; and (5) branding strategies become more relevant in post-launch periods. These results move forward the knowledge on brand performance in times of new brand introduction in the market.

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Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltda. on behalf of Departamento de Administração Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade Universidade de São Paulo ¿ FEA/USP
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