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Programas de gestão de ideias e inovação: as práticas das grandes empresas na região sul do Brasil
Idea Management Programs and Innovation: Practices of Large Corporations in Southern Brazil
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Carlos Olavo Quandt
Ph.D. em Planejamento Urbano e Regional pela University of California, Los Angeles – UCLA, Professor da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná – PUCPR, (Brasil)
Helena de Fátima Nunes Silva
Doutora em Engenharia de Produção pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC, Professora da Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, (Brasil)
Alex Antonio Ferraresi
Doutor em Administração pela Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Professor da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná – PUCPR, (Brasil)
José Roberto Frega
Doutor em Administração pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná – PUCPR, Professor da Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, (Brasil)
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Recibido 25 Enero 2014. Aceptado 06 Julio 2014
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RESUMO

Investigação sobre a situação das iniciativas de gestão de ideias em empresas de grande porte do sul do Brasil, por meio de pesquisa exploratória e descritiva com abordagem quantitativa. A população da pesquisa foi de 85 empresas, com 41 respostas válidas. Os dados identificaram o perfil das empresas, as práticas de gestão de ideias, benefícios e obstáculos, e fatores determinantes da adoção de iniciativas. Os resultados indicam que 70% das empresas pesquisadas possuem programas estruturados para solicitar, estimular, avaliar, implementar e recompensar ideias oferecidas pelos funcionários. Os benefícios percebidos foram: capacidade maior de gerar ideias e transformá-las em projetos, o incremento da participação e trabalho em equipe, e o aumento da motivação entre os funcionários. Os principais fatores que dificultam a implantação dos programas de ideias são o baixo envolvimento do pessoal, problemas de comunicação e recompensas insuficientes à participação. Com relação à eficácia das iniciativas, a modelagem de equações estruturais com estimação por mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS) permite concluir que, embora as práticas de gestão de ideias influenciem positivamente os resultados de inovação, estas devem ser apoiadas por aspectos da cultura, comportamento e processos da empresa que contribuam para promover a aprendizagem, a absorção e compartilhamento do conhecimento, e o consequente desenvolvimento de atividades inovadoras. Finalmente, percebe-se a necessidade de estudos mais profundos sobre o papel da cultura, comportamentos, práticas gerenciais e processos associados à gestão do conhecimento e da inovação, e seus impactos na capacidade de inovar.

Palavras-Chave:
Gestão de ideias
Inovação
Inovatividade
Gestão do Conhecimento
ABSTRACT

Research on the situation of idea management initiatives in large companies in Southern Brazil, undertaken as an exploratory descriptive survey using a quantitative approach. The survey population comprised 85 companies, resulting on 41 valid responses. The data allowed the identification of company profile characteristics, idea management practices, their benefits and obstacles, and the determining factors for adopting the initiatives. The results show that 70 percent of the companies surveyed have structured programs to seek, stimulate, evaluate, implement and reward ideas from employees. The perceived benefits were: a greater ability to generate ideas and turn them into projects, increased participation, teamwork and motivation among employees. The main obstacles to the implementation of idea management programs are low levels of employee involvement, communication problems, and insufficient rewards for participation. Regarding the effectiveness of the initiatives, structural equation modeling with partial least squares estimation (PLS) supports the conclusion that, even though idea management practices have a positive effect on innovation results, the initiatives must be supported by aspects of organizational culture, behavior and processes that contribute to promote learning, knowledge absorption and sharing, and the consequent development of innovative activities. Lastly, there is perceived need for more detailed studies about the role of culture, behavior, managerial practices and processes associated with knowledge management and innovation, and their impacts on innovative capacity.

Keywords:
Idea management
Innovation
Innovativeness
Knowledge Management
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Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltda. on behalf of Departamento de Administração Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade Universidade de São Paulo ¿ FEA/USP
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