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Projetos Colaborativos de P&D em Ambientes de Incubadoras e Parques Científico-Tecnológicos: Teorizações do Campo de Estudo
R&D Collaboration Projects Within Incubators Ans Science Parks: Theorizations from the Field of Study
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Serje Schmidt
Doutor em Administração pela Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, Professor da Universidade Feevale – FEEVALE, (Brasil)
Alsones Balestrin
Doutor em Administração pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS e em Sciences de L'information et de La Communication pelo Instituto de Comunicação e Tecnologias Digitais da Universidade de Poitiers/França, Professor da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, (Brasil)
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Recibido 15 Septiembre 2013. Aceptado 05 Abril 2014
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RESUMO

O presente artigo busca auxiliar a compreensão de como a complementaridade de recursos em ambientes de incubadoras e parques científico-tecnológicos (IPCTs), influenciam o desenvolvimento de projetos colaborativos de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) entre as empresas residentes. Um dos pressupostos observados, tanto em políticas públicas quanto na literatura, é que esses ambientes são importantes mecanismos institucionais na promoção do desenvolvimento das regiões, uma vez que buscam fomentar um ecossistema caracterizado por condições favoráveis à inovação. Apesar da relevância desse tema, os estudos empíricos não são conclusivos a respeito da efetividade desses arranjos na promoção de inovação. Algumas pesquisas indicam que, em certos casos, empresas localizadas em IPCTs desenvolvem projetos conjuntos de P&D e inovam de forma mais intensa do que empresas fora desses ambientes, enquanto outras não ratificam essas conclusões. Na tentativa de contribuir com o entendimento sobre a efetividade das IPCTs e dos elementos presentes na promoção de um ambiente colaborativo para inovação, o presente ensaio promove uma construção teórica em um nível de análise mais específico do que estudos anteriores, resultando na apresentação de onze proposições de pesquisa. Essas proposições foram consolidadas em uma esquema conceitual que visa orientar pesquisas que buscam aprofundar tal problemática.

Palavras-chave:
Colaboração
Inovação
Incubadoras
Parques Científico-Tecnológicos
ABSTRACT

The present paper intends to help comprehend how resource complementarity in incubators and science parks (IPCTs) influence the development of collaborative research and development (R&D) projects among resident firms. One of the assumptions observed in public policy as much as in the literature, is that these environments are important institutional mechanisms that promote the development of regions, once they seek to foster an innovation ecosystem. In spite of the importance of the issue, empirical studies are not conclusive about the results of these innovation environments. Some studies indicate that, in certain cases, firms located in IPCTs develop R&D projects more intensely than external firms do, while other studies do not corroborate this conclusion. Here, we try to help the understanding of IPCTs results and the elements that are present in a collaborative environment for innovation by adopting a more specific level of analysis than previous studies, promoting a theoretical construction that results in eleven research propositions. These propositions are consolidated in a conceptual framework that may help other researches that seeks to deepen such empirical environments.

Keywords:
Collaboration
Innovation
Incubators
Science Parks
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