covid
Buscar en
Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
Toda la web
Inicio Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología Anestesia espinal para colecistectomia
Información de la revista
Vol. 37. Núm. 3.
Páginas 264-271 (agosto - octubre 2009)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 37. Núm. 3.
Páginas 264-271 (agosto - octubre 2009)
SERIE DE CASOS
Open Access
Anestesia espinal para colecistectomia
Visitas
13527
R. Nayibe Salamanca
,***
, C. Iván Fernando Quintero*, José Andrés Calvache**
* MD. Anestesióloga, profesora asistente, Departamento de Anestesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Cauca
** MD. Residente de Anestesiología, Universidad del Valle
*** MD. Residente de Anestesiología, Unidad de Epidemiología Clínica, Universidad del Cauca
Este artículo ha recibido

Under a Creative Commons license
Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
Descargar PDF
Estadísticas
RESUMEN
Introducción

La anestesia espinal o subaracnoidea brinda al paciente calidad y múltiples ventajas. Sin embargo, en procedimientos quirúrgicos que comprometen al abdomen superior ha sido poco empleada, como en la colecistectomía. En estas cirugías, ya sean laparoscópicas o abiertas, se ha empleado de forma rutinaria la anestesia general.

Objetivo

Describir la aplicación de anestesia espinal para la realización de colecistectomía abierta.

Materiales y métodos

Es un estudio retrospectivo, serie de casos, que evaluó 32 pacientes ASA I y II a los que se les realizó colecistectomía abierta, bajo anestesia espinal, en el tiempo comprendido entre junio de 2002 y junio de 2004, en un Hospital Nivel II de la ciudad de Popayán, previo consentimiento aprobado por el Comité Científico del Hospital.

Resultados

En 25 mujeres y 7 hombres, con edad media de 33,6 años, se observó que la frecuencia cardiaca y la presión arterial sistólica, diastólica y media disminuyeron durante los primeros 20 minutos; luego, sus valores se incrementaron hasta estabilizarse por debajo de los parámetros iniciales respectivos. El 34,3% de la población presentó eventos transoperatorios como hipotensión, bradicardia, náusea, vómito, dolor en hombro o dolor torácico. En dos de estos pacientes fue necesario cambiar a anestesia general. En el postoperatorio, 21,7% de los pacientes presentaron efectos adversos: náusea, vómito y cefalea. El 90 % egresaron del hospital en las primeras 48 horas. No se reportó mortalidad intra o postoperatorio inmediata.

Conclusiones

La anestesia espinal es una alternativa a tener en cuenta para procedimientos como la colecistectomía abierta.

Key words:
spinal Anaesthesia
regional anaesthesia
cholecistectomy
laparoscopic colesistectomy. (Fuente MeSH)
Palabras clave:
anestesia espinal
anestesia regional
colecistectomía
colecistectomía laparoscópica. (Fuente Decs)
ABSTRACT
Introduction

Spinal anaesthesia offers patients quality as well as several advantages; however in surgical procedures which involve the upper abdomen it had been less employed in procedures such as cholecistectomy by laparoscopic technique or via opening the abdomen where the general anaesthesia is the common procedure.

Objective

To describe the application of spinal anaesthesia for open cholecistectomy procedures.

Material and methods

This is a retrospective study, based on case reports, which evaluated 32 patients ASA I y II which underwent open cholecistectomy under spinal anaesthesia , from June, 2002 to, June, 2004, in a second level hospital in Popayan, Colombia, and with the corresponding consent of the scientific committee.

Results

The study included 25 women and 7 men, with a mean age of 33,6 years. The homodynamic profile was measured by monitoring patients heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. These valúes diminished during the first 20 minutes, however, afterwards they increased until reaching stability below the initial parameters. In 34.3% of the population evaluated exhibited adverse intra-operative events such as hypotension and /or bradicardia, nausea, vomiting, thoracic or shoulder pain. There are no reports of postoperative mortality. In two of the cases, it was necessary to revert the technique to the use of general anaesthesia. During the postoperative period 21,7% of the patients showed some adverse events, such as nausea and vomiting. In the study, 90% of the patients were released from the hospital within the first 48 hours after the procedure. No intra or immediate post- operatory mortality was reported.

Conclusions

Spinal anaesthesia is an alternative to keep in mind for procedures such as open cholecistectomy.

El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
BIBLIOGRAFÍA
[1.]
O.G. Ajao, A. Adeloye.
The importance of spinal anaesthesia in surgical practice in tropical Africa.
J Trop Med Hyg, 80 (1977 Jun), pp. 126-128
[2.]
M.A. Hamad, O.A. El-Khattary.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anesthesia with nitrous oxide pneumoperitoneum: a feasibility study.
Surg Endosc, 17 (2003 Sep), pp. 1426-1428
[3.]
G. Tzovaras, F. Fafoulakis, K. Pratsas, S. Georgopoulou, et al.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anesthesia: a pilot study.
Surg Endosc, 20 (2006 Apr), pp. 580-582
[4.]
L.M. Collins, H. Vaghadia.
Regional anesthesia for laparoscopy.
Anesthesiol Clin North America, 19 (2001 Mar), pp. 43-55
[5.]
J.J. Roslyn, G.S. Binns, E.F. Hughes, K. Saunders-Kirkwood, et al.
Open cholecystectomy. A contemporary analysis of 42,474 patients.
Ann Surg, 218 (1993 Aug), pp. 129-137
[6.]
T. Standl, S. Eckert, J. Schulteam Esch.
Postoperative complaints after spinal and thiopentone-isoflurane anaesthesia in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery. Spinal versus general anaesthesia.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 40 (1996 Feb), pp. 222-226
[7.]
J.P. Racle, A. Benkhadra, J.Y. Poy, B. Gleizal, A. Gaudray.
Comparative study of general and spinal anesthesia in elderly women in hip surgery.
Ann Fr Anesth Reanim, 5 (1986), pp. 24-30
[8.]
A. Rodgers, N. Walker, S. Schug, A. McKee.
Reduction of postoperative mortality and morbidity with epidural or spinal anaesthesia: results from overview of randomized trials.
BMJ, 321 (2000 Dec 16), pp. 1493
[9.]
H. Jorgensen, J. Wetterslev, S. Moiniche, J.B. Dahl.
Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid-based analgesic regimens on postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis, PONV and pain after abdominal surgery.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 4 (2000),
[10.]
H. Vaghadia, L. Collins, H. Sun, G.W. Mitchell.
Selective spinal anesthesia for outpatient laparoscopy. IV: population pharmacodynamic modelling.
Can J Anaesth, 48 (2001 Mar), pp. 273-278
[11.]
R.L. Carpenter, R.A. Caplan, D.L. Brown, C. Stephenson, et al.
Incidence and risk factors for side effects of spinal anesthesia.
Anesthesiology, 76 (1992 Jun), pp. 906-916
[12.]
L.D. Vandam, R.D. Dripps.
ong-term follow-up of patients who received 10,098 spinal anesthetics. IV. Neurological disease incident to traumatic lumbar puncture during spinal anesthesia.
JAMA, 2 (1960 Apr), pp. 1483-1487
[13.]
Y. Auroy, P. Narchi, A. Messiah, L. Litt, et al.
Serious complications related to regional anesthesia: Results of a prospective survey in France.
Anesthesiology, 87 (1997), pp. 479-486
[14.]
V. Moen, N. Dahlgren, L. Irestedt.
Severe neurological complications after central neuraxial blockades in Sweden 1990–1999.
Anesthesiology, 101 (2004 Oct), pp. 950-959
[15.]
M. Kawamoto, N. Tanaka, M. Takasaki.
Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability after spinal anaesthesia.
Br J Anaesth, 71 (1993 Oct), pp. 523-527
[16.]
D.C. Mackey, R.L. Carpenter, G.E. Thompson, D.L. Brown, M.N. Bodily.
Bradycardia and asystole during spinal anesthesia: a report of three cases without morbidity.
Anesthesiology, 70 (1989 May), pp. 866-868
[17.]
R.A. Caplan, R.J. Ward, K. Posner, F.W. Cheney.
Unexpected cardiac arrest during spinal anesthesia: a closed claims analysis of predisposing factors.
Anesthesiology, 68 (1988 Jan), pp. 5-11
[18.]
P.R. Cook, L.A. Malmqvist, M. Bengtsson, B. Tryggvason, et al.
Vagal and sympathetic activity during spinal analgesia.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 34 (1990 May), pp. 271-275
[19.]
R. Introna, E. Yodlowski, J. Pruett, N. Montano, et al.
Sympathovagal effects of spinal anesthesia assessed by heart rate variability analysis.
Anesth Analg, 80 (1995 Feb), pp. 315-321
[20.]
N.J. Soper, P.T. Stockmann, D.L. Dunnegan, S.W. Ashley.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The new ‘gold standard’?.
Arch Surg, 127 (1992 Aug), pp. 917-921
[21.]
J. Bueno Lledo, M. Planells Roig, C. Arnau Bertomeu, A. Sanahuja Santafe, et al.
Outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a new gold standard for cholecystectomy.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig, 98 (2006 Jan), pp. 14-24
[22.]
F. Mosimann.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the new gold standard for the management of symptomatic gallbladder stones.
Hepatogastroenterology, 53 (2006 May- Jun), pp. 1
[23.]
J.H. Moore, S. Rodríguez, A. Roa, M. Girón, et al.
Colecistectomia laparoscópica ambulatoria: modelo de programa costo-eficiente de cirugía laparoscópica.
Revista Colombiana de cirugía, 19 (2004), pp. 43-53
[24.]
J.P. Vergnaud, S. Penagos, C. Lopera, Herrera, et al.
Colecistectomía Laparoscópica, Experiencia en Hospital de Segundo Nivel.
Revista Colombiana de Cirugía, 15 (2000), pp. 8-13
[25.]
J.R. Carabajal, S.A. Valsechi, C.A. Castillo.
Colecistectomía Laparoscópica. Análisis de 234 casos.
Revista de Postgrado de la VI Cátedra de Medicina, 134 (2003 Dic), pp. 10-15
[26.]
J.J. Zuñiga, J. Vargas.
Colecistectomía abierta versus laparoscópica: experiencia en el Hospital San Juan de Dios.
Acta méd. Costarric, 44 (2002 Sep), pp. 113-116
[27.]
M. Yokoyama, Y. Ohta, M. Hirakawa, H. Tsuge.
Related Articles, Hemodynamic changes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy under different anesthesia methods, 45 (1996 Feb), pp. 160-166
[28.]
H. Bizueto, N. Hernandez, J. Gesia.
Morbilidad y mortalidad en la cirugia de urgencia de la colecistitis cronica litiasica agudizada.
Cir Ciruj, 70 (2002 Mar), pp. 39-42
[29.]
F. Michael.
Mulroy, Anestesia regional.
Primera edición, pp. 61-84
[30.]
A.A. Van Zundert, G. Stultiens, J.J. Jakimowicz, B.E. Van den Borne, et al.
Segmental spinal anaesthesia for cholecystectomy in a patient with severe lung disease.
Br J Anaesth, 96 (2006 Apr), pp. 464-466
[31.]
K.G. Pursnani, Y. Bazza, M. Calleja, M.M. Mughal.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under epidural anesthesia in patients with chronic respiratory disease.
Surg Endosc, 12 (1998 Aug), pp. 1082-1084
[32.]
D.S. Edelman.
Related Articles, Links Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under continuous epidural anesthesia in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Am J Dis Child, 145 (1991 Jul), pp. 723-724
[33.]
F.J. García, C. Utrilla, E. Montaño, F.J. Alsina, et al.
Incidencia de cefalea postpunción dural en pacientes sometidos a cirugía bajo anestesia espinal intradural.
Rev Soc Esp Dolor, 5 (1998), pp. 2828
[34.]
K.Y. Ho, J.W. Chiu.
Multimodal antiemetic therapy and emetic risk profiling.
Ann Acad Med Singapore, 34 (2005 Mar), pp. 196-205

Nota del Editor: Rectificación a la versión publicada originalmente en la Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología, Vol. XXXV No. 2, (abril-junio), Año 2007.

Copyright © 2009. Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
Descargar PDF
Opciones de artículo