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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología Tapentadol, una nueva opción terapéutica
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Vol. 39. Núm. 3.
Páginas 375-385 (agosto - octubre 2011)
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Vol. 39. Núm. 3.
Páginas 375-385 (agosto - octubre 2011)
ARTÍCULO DE REVISIÓN
Open Access
Tapentadol, una nueva opción terapéutica
Tapentadol a New Therapeutic Option
Visitas
6560
Mario Andrés Leotau Rodríguez
,
Autor para correspondencia
ma.leotau@alumnos.urjc.es
leotau@gmail.com

Carrera 24 No. 156–106 Centro Médico Carlos Ardila Lulle, torre B piso 9 módulo 61, Aliviar Clinica de Dolor y Cuidado Paliativo, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
* Médico y cirujano, Universidad Industrial de Santander. Estudiante de maestría. Máster en estudio y tratamiento del dolor, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos-Universidad de Cantabria, España.
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Información del artículo
RESUMEN
Introducción.

La dolencia o disfunción periférica se asocia a un fenómeno sensorial que incluye síntomas tanto de pérdida de función como de generación de dolor. Los opioides proporcionan alivio en muchos estados de dolor; sin embargo, tienen una potencia y una eficacia reducidas sobre un dolor neuropático.

Objetivo.

Presentar una revisión actualizada de la literatura sobre tapentadol, con el fin de que sirva, de manera práctica, como una guía.

Metodología.

Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Cochrane, PubMed y Embase; se obtuvieron 66 artículos, y de estos se seleccionaron los artículos con la información relevante sobre el tapentadol.

Resultados y conclusiones.

La terapia de combinación mediante el uso de agonistas del receptor opioide μ, junto a inhibidores de la recaptación de noradrenalina, ha ido ganando adeptos durante los últimos años, como alternativa para tratar los diversos mecanismos que subyacen al dolor neuropático. No obstante, si bien los fármacos inhibidores de la recaptación de noradrenalina son bien tolerados, su eficacia analgésica a menudo no es satisfactoria, y, por su parte, los opioides suelen ofrecer problemas de tolerabilidad; recientemente se ha introducido en el mercado el tapentadol, que combina en una misma molécula acciones de ambos mecanismos de acción, lo cual supone una novedosa, mejorada y eficiente alternativa a la terapia analgésica.

Palabras clave::
Tramadol
dolor
receptores opioides
analgésicos opioides
neuralgia. (Fuente: DeCS, BIREME).
SUMMARY
Introduction:

The peripheral dysfunction or illness is associated to the sensory phenomenon that includes both symptoms of loss of function as well as pain generation. Opioids provide relief from many pain settings; however they have reduced potency and efficacy for neuropathic pain.

Objective.

Provide a current review of the literature about tapentadol that could be used as a guide.

Methodology.

A literature search on the Cochrane, PubMed and Embase databases retrieved 66 papers, and from these, the papers with relevant information about tapentadol were selected.

Results and Conclusions.

The therapeutic combination of the μ opioid receptor agonists with inhibitors of the norepinephrine reuptake have become more popular recently as an alternative to treat the mechanisms responsible for neuropathic pain. However, even though the inhibitors of the norepinephrine reuptake are well tolerated, their analgesic efficacy is usually unsatisfactory, and opioids usually have tolerability problems; the recent introduction of tapentadol, which combines in the same molecule both mechanisms of action can represent a novel, improved and efficient alternative for analgesia.

Key Words:
Tramadol
pain
receptors
opioid
opioid analgesics
neuralgia. (Source: MeSH, NLM).
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