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Vol. 14. Núm. 4.
Páginas 225-233 (enero 2009)
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Vol. 14. Núm. 4.
Páginas 225-233 (enero 2009)
Acceso a texto completo
Análisis de la validez de contenido de la escala FACT-G mediante técnicas de escalamiento multidimensional
Evaluation of content validity for the FACT-G quality of life questionaire through multidimensional escalation techniques
Visitas
9693
Ricardo Sánchez1,2,
Autor para correspondencia
rsanchezp@unal.edu.co

Correspondencia Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. 1a No. 9-85, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. Teléfono: 334 1997. Correo electrónico:.
, Mónica Ballesteros1, Natascha Ortiz1
1 Grupo de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
2 Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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Objetivos

evaluar la estructura de variables latentes de la escala FACT-G en una muestra de pacientes que asisten al Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en Bogotá.

Métodos

aplicación de la escala FACT-G a 473 pacientes con diferentes tipos de cáncer durante el período 2005–2007. Se aplicaron métodos factoriales basados en matrices policóricas y métodos de escalamiento multidimensional para variables ordinales que determinan la estructura de dominios del instrumento.

Resultados

en la muestra predominaron pacientes con cáncer de mama y próstata, con discreto predominio de hombres (54.6%), con una media de edad de 61 años (DE 11,7). Se encontraron puntuaciones similares en los cuatro dominios que mide la escala. El análisis factorial mostró una estructura de dominios muy similar a la propuesta original de los desarrolladores del FACT-G, siendo el dominio relacionado con estado emocional el menos consistente. Para el escalamiento multidimensional la estructura bidimensional resultó adecuada considerando diferentes índices de ajuste. El dominio de estado emocional fue el único que mostró una estructura heterogénea. Los demás dominios mostraron estructuras aglutinadas e independencia entre ellos. Los elementos centrales del constructo de calidad de vida en esta muestra de pacientes son funcionalidad y capacidad de enfrentar la enfermedad.

Conclusión

en una muestra de pacientes colombianos la estructura de dominios de la escala FACT-G reveló consistencia con la propuesta original. La metodología de escalamiento multidimensional suministra información adicional a los análisis convencionales siendo de utilidad para los procesos de validación de escalas.

Palabras clave:
calidad de vida
neoplasias
cuestionarios
estudios de validación
Abstract
Objective

To evaluate the structure of FACT-G latent variables in a sample of patients attending the National Cancer Institute of Colombia

Methods

The FACT-G questionnaire was applied in 473 patients with different types of cancer during 2005-2007. A factor analysis was done based on a polychoric matrix and multidimensional escalation techniques for ordinal variables determining the domain structure of the questionnaire.

Results

Breast and prostate cancer were the most frequent types of tumors. In total 54.6% were men and the mean age was 61 years (SD 11.7). The four domains of the questionnaire revealed a similar score. The factor analysis showed a similar structure to the original FACT-G with the emotional function as the less consistent domain. According to the multidimensional escalation analysis, a bidimensional structure is suitable after different adjustment indexes. Only the emotional function domain exposed a heterogeneous structure; the remaining revealed clustered structures and independence among them. Central components for quality of life were functional well-being and social/family well-being.

Conclusions

The FACT-G quality of life questionnaire applied in a sample of Colombian patients was consistent wit the original instrument. The multidimensional escalation techniques provide additional information to conventional analysis and are useful to validate quality of life questionnaires.

Key words:
Quality of life
neoplasms
questionnaires
validation studies
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