Información del artículo
Resumen
El cáncer gástrico es un problema de salud en el mundo y en Colombia; la mayoría de los pacientes se diagnostican con una enfermedad local avanzada y de pronóstico cada vez más pobre. La resección quirúrgica es la base del tratamiento, y se debe realizar con la adecuada selección de los pacientes mediante procesos de estadificación clínica, y, en algunos casos, intervencionista. Debido a las altas tasas de recurrencia locorregional y sistémica, la cirugía debe ser complementada con quimioterapia perioperatoria o quimiorradioterapia adyuvantes, según lo amerite el caso; esto mejora la supervivencia libre de enfermedad y la supervivencia global. Los pacientes que por su estado avanzado no puedan ser manejados con cirugía serán derivados a tratamiento paliativo con quimioterapia o quimiorradioterapia. El estudio y el análisis de estos pacientes deben ser multidisciplinarios, por la complejidad de la patología y la diversidad de opciones de tratamiento.
Palabras clave:
Neoplasias gástricas
diagnóstico
cirugía
quimioterapia
radioterapia
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a health problem both worldwide and in Colombia; the majority of patients are diagnosed with locally advanced disease and with increasingly poor prognosis. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment, which should be carried out with the proper selection of patients based on clinical staging, and in some cases, interventionist. Due to high rates of locoregional and systemic recurrence, surgery should be complemented with perioperative chemotherapy and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, as each case warrants; this improves disease-free survival and overall survival. Patients whose advanced state cannot be managed with surgery are to be referred to palliative treatment with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The study and analysis of these patients should be multidisciplinary due to the complexity of their pathologies and to the diversity of treatment options.
Key words:
Stomach neoplasm
diagnosis
surgery
drug therapy
brachytherapy
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