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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Cancerología Validación de la escala FACT-Cx en Colombia usando el modelo de teoría de resp...
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Vol. 15. Núm. 1.
Páginas 13-21 (enero 2010)
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Vol. 15. Núm. 1.
Páginas 13-21 (enero 2010)
Acceso a texto completo
Validación de la escala FACT-Cx en Colombia usando el modelo de teoría de respuesta al ítem
Validation of FACT-Cx Scale in Colombia Using Item Response Theory
Visitas
3998
Ricardo Sánchez1,2,
Autor para correspondencia
rsanchezpe@unal.edu.co

Correspondencia: Ricardo Sánchez, Grupo de Investigación Clínica. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. 1a No. 9-85, Bogotá, Colombia. Tel.:éfono: 334 1997.
, Licet Villamizar1, Natascha Ortiz1
1 Grupo de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
2 Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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Resumen
Objetivos

Determinar las propiedades psicométricas y las características de medición de la escala Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cervix(FACT-Cx) utilizando análisis de Rasch.

Métodos

Se efectuó un estudio de validación de escala aplicando el cuestionario FACT-Cx a 218 pacientes con cáncer de cuello uterino. Luego de ajustar la calificación de ítems se efectuó un análisis utilizando un modelo de Rasch de crédito parcial para datos politómicos.

Resultados

La mayor puntuación correspondió al dominio “preocupaciones específicas relacionadas con la patología de cuello uterino”. Los ítems mostraron adecuados índices de confiabilidad y separación (0,89 y 5,96, respectivamente). Los menores valores en dichos índices en el caso de las personas sugieren un rango restringido del constructo en esta muestra. Los indicadores de ajuste sugieren homogeneidad del constructo. Mientras que el apoyo familiar resultó ser el aspecto con mayor repercusión sobre la calificación positiva del nivel de calidad de vida, la desesperanza fue el que más negativamente influyó sobre la calificación. El ítem relacionado con la preocupación por la función reproductiva resultó no medir adecuadamente el constructo; probablemente, debido a las características de edad de las pacientes. La evaluación del sistema de puntuación mostró que se detecta adecuadamente la graduación del atributo, pero hay categorías redundantes.

Conclusiones

La escala FACT-Cx está configurada por un conjunto de ítems que, en general, miden adecuadamente una estructura unidimensional. El sistema de puntuación parece tener niveles redundantes. Las propiedades de uno de los ítems, relacionado con la función reproductiva, deberían evaluarse en una muestra con mayor espectro de edad.

Palabras clave:
Calidad de vida
neoplasias del cuello uterino
escalas
estudios de validación
Abstract
Objective

To determine the psychometric properties and measurement features of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cervix (FACTCx) by means of Rasch analysis.

Methods

A scale validation study using the FACT-Cx questionnaire was carried out among 218 cervical cancer patients. Following item scoring, analysis was performed with the partial credit Rasch model for polytomous data.

Results

The highest score corresponded to the domain of 'specific concerns related to cervical pathology'. Items showed adequate reliability and separation rates (0.89 and 5.96, respectively). In the cases of individual persons, the lower index values suggest a restricted construct range in this sample. Adjustment indicators suggest construct homogeneity. Family support scored highest as having positive impact on quality of life; whereas, a sense of hopelessness rated as the most negative. The item related to concern over reproductive ability was not adequately measured by the construct; due, probably, to patients' ages. Evaluation of the scoring system showed adequate detection of the scoring attribute, but some categories are redundant.

Conclusions

The FACT-Cx scale is made up of a set of items which, in general, adequately measures a one-dimensional structure. However, the scoring system appears to include redundancies. The properties associated with the reproductive ability item should be assessed in a sample that includes greater range in subjects' ages.

Key words:
Quality of life
uterine cervical neoplasm
questionnaires
validation studies
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