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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Reumatología Enfermedad de Still del Adulto: Estudio de Cohorte
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Vol. 16. Núm. 4.
Páginas 336-341 (diciembre 2009)
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Vol. 16. Núm. 4.
Páginas 336-341 (diciembre 2009)
Acceso a texto completo
Enfermedad de Still del Adulto: Estudio de Cohorte
Adult Still's Disease: Cohort Study
Visitas
2923
Uriel Panqueva1, Luis Alberto Ramírez2, José Félix Restrepo1, Federico Rondón1, Sergio Mora3, Rafael Valle3, Gerardo Quintana1, María C. Díaz4, Antonio Iglesias1
1 Universidad Nacional, Bogotá, Colombia
2 Universidad de Antioquia
3 Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
4 Hospital San Ignacio Universidad Javeriana
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Resumen
Objetivo

Describir las características clínicas, paraclínicas y manejo de la enfermedad de Still del adulto (E.S.A.).

Métodos

Análisis retrospectivo de una cohorte de 24 pacientes.

Resultados

Las características clínicas fueron: fiebre (100%), rash (79.1%) y artritis (66.66%). Leucocitosis (75%) fue la alteración paraclínica más frecuente, seguida por un incremento de la PCR, VSG y ferritina en 70.8%, 66.65% y 62.5%, respectivamente. El 50% de los pacientes presentaron un curso monocíclico; el 33%, policíclico sistémico y el 17%, policíclico articular. No se presentaron casos de monocíclico poliarticular.

Se evidenciaron manifestaciones inusuales de enfermedad tales como: urticaria en 7 pacientes (29%); enfermedad pulmonar intersticial, en 6 pacientes (25%); meningitis aséptica, 4 pacientes (16.6%) y SDRA, en 4 pacientes (16.6%).

Por su parte, todos los pacientes recibieron esteroides y 9 de ellos (37.5%) necesitaron tratamiento con pulsos de metilprednisolona.

Dentro de las drogas modificadoras, el metotrexate fue el medicamento más usado en 15 casos (62.5%), seguido por cloroquina sola o combinada en 11 pacientes (45.8%).

Además, 3 pacientes (12.5%), requirieron tratamiento con terapia anti TNF por pobre respuesta a la terapia convencional. Fallecieron 2 pacientes (8.4%) asociados a cuadros de SDRA.

Conclusiones

La ESA tiene un amplio y difícil diagnóstico diferencial a pesar de manifestaciones clásicas. La presencia de expresiones clínicas poco usuales puede retardar el diagnóstico y tratamiento de ESA. La ESA no es una enfermedad benigna y puede cursar con alta mortalidad cuando se asocia a manifestaciones pulmonares severas.

Palabras clave:
enfermedad de Still del adulto
pronóstico
refractario.
Summary

Purpose describe the clinical and laboratory finding, as well as the treatment, of adult still's disease (ASD).

Methods

retrospective analysis of a 24 patients cohort.

Results

clinical features were: fever (100%), rash (79.1%) and arthritis (66.6%). Most frequent laboratory alterations were: leukocytosis (75%), followed by increased PCR, VSG and ferritin, 70.8%, 66.65% and 62.5% respectively.

50% of the patients showed a monocyclic course, while 33% showed polycyclic systemic and 17% joint polycyclic. No joint monocyclic cases were found.

Besides, some unusual manifestations such urticaria in 7 patients (29%); interstitial lung disease in 6 patients (25%); aseptic meningitis in 4 patients (16.6%) and SDRA in 4 patients (16.6%) were found.

All the patients received steroid and 9 of them (37.5%) required therapy with IV methilprednisolone.

Methotrexate was the most used medication between all; DMARD in 15 cases (62.5%), followed by chloroquine, alone or in combination, in 11 patients (45.8%). Besides, 3 patients (12.5%) required treatment with anti TNF due to poor response to conventional therapy. 2 patients died (8.4%) due to adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Conclusions

ASD has a broad and difficult differential diagnosis despite classical features. The presence of unusual manifestations may delay the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

ASD in not a benign disease and may appear with high mortality when it is associated with severe lung involvement.

Key words:
adult still's disease
prognostic
refractory
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Copyright © 2009. Asociación Colombiana de Reumatología
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