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Inicio Revista de Contabilidad-Spanish Accounting Review La relevancia de los gastos de I+D. Estudio empírico en el sector del automóvi...
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Vol. 15. Núm. 2.
Páginas 257-286 (1 julio 2012)
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Vol. 15. Núm. 2.
Páginas 257-286 (1 julio 2012)
Open Access
La relevancia de los gastos de I+D. Estudio empírico en el sector del automóvil
The value-relevance of the r&d expenditures. An empirical study on The automotive industry
Visitas
2128
Teresa duarte Atoche
Universidad de Sevilla(España)
José ángel Pérez lópez
Universidad de Sevilla (España)
Jose antonio Camúñez ruiz
Universidad de Sevilla (España)
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Resumen
Antecedentes

El Financial Accounting Standard Board preocupado ante el deterioro de la utilidad de la información financiera, abrió un proceso de consultas y deliberaciones con objeto de incluir esta preocupación en su agenda: quedaba patente la importancia de las inversiones conductoras de la innovación, pero los principios de contabilidad generalmente aceptados en el ámbito estadounidense (conocidos por las siglas US GAAP) no permitían su reconocimiento como activos. La cuestión que nos planteamos es: ¿Con independencia del tratamiento contable asignado a las partidas de I+D, los inversores las consideran relevantes?

Objetivo

En el presente trabajo de investigación trataremos de contrastar la relevancia del valor de los gastos de I+D corriente y con retardo de un ejercicio económico.

Metodología y muestra

Usando como función base el modelo de Ohlson (1995), introducimos variantes del mismo y con ellas, fijamos nuestro objetivo en la modelización del precio de cotización. La muestra está formada por empresas que cotizan en Estados Unidos y que pertenecen al sector del automóvil. El horizonte temporal analizado comprende 10 años.

Resultado y conclusiones

Nuestros resultados muestran que los inversores consideran que los gastos de I+D corriente y los del ejercicio anterior no aportan valor añadido a las compañías, es decir, que los valoran como cualquier otro gasto del ejercicio y que, por tanto, no son relevantes para estimar el valor de mercado de las compañías que forman nuestra muestra.

Palabras Clave:
Valor relevante de los gastos de I+D
Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad
Modelo de valoración basado en precios
Abstract
Background

The Financial Standard Accounting Board (FASB) is concerned the deterioration of utility of the financial information. For this reason, FASB opened a process of consultations and deliberations with object of including it in its calendar: it was obvious the importance of the investments on innovation, but the generally accepted accounting principles in USA (US GAAP) didn’t allow their recognition like asset. So, our question is, with independence of accounting treatment for R&D, do the investors consider them important?

Aims

This paper aims to examine the value-relevance of R&D expenditures, using a regression model based on the Ohlson equity-valuation framework. We contribute evidence about the direction that the international standards should follow.

Instrument and Sample

The instrument consists in different specifications of a valuation model, in other words, of Ohlson Model (1995). The sample is composed by U.S listed firms automotive over a 10-year period (1995-2004).

Results and Conclusions

Our findings show the association between current and the lagged R&D expenditure and stock price is negative and significant. These findings indicate that the investors consider that current R&D is an expense and is not an asset.

Keyword:
value relevance of the R&D costs
international accounting standards
market value
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