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Inicio Revista de Contabilidad-Spanish Accounting Review Las sociedades que utilizan las NIC/NIIF ya no tienen que reconciliar las cifras...
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Vol. 12. Núm. 1.
Páginas 45-93 (1 enero 2009)
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Vol. 12. Núm. 1.
Páginas 45-93 (1 enero 2009)
Open Access
Las sociedades que utilizan las NIC/NIIF ya no tienen que reconciliar las cifras contables a us gaap. ¿está justificada esta decisión de la sec en el ámbito del sector de las telecomunicaciones?
Companies using ifrs are no longer obliged to reconcile their accounting figures to us gaap. is this sec's decision justified in the telecommunications sector?
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3061
Juan Palomares Laguna*
Universidad Carlos III, Madrid
Enrique Corona Romero*
UNED
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Resumen

Nuestro trabajo tiene como objetivo contrastar si la decisión de la SEC en base a la cual se permite no reconciliar el Patrimonio Neto (PN) y el Resultado neto (RN), a las normas americanas, exclusivamente a las sociedades que utilizan las NIC/NIIF en sus estados primarios, esta justificada o no. Nuestro estudio esta referido al sector de las telecomunicaciones por lo que otros trabajos deberán en su caso contrastar si los resultados aquí obtenidos son extrapolables a otros sectores.

Utilizando una muestra de sociedades pertenecientes al sector de las telecomunicaciones, analizaremos si las distancias con los US GAAP se reducen o no, una vez que éstas han migrado a las NIC/NIIF y si éstas diferencias son significativas. Podemos afirmar, de forma general, en base a los resultados obtenidos, que la migración a la normativa internacional ha supuesto un acercamiento con los US GAAP y que las diferencias no son significativas, aunque sí existen tipos de ajustes, como las combinaciones de negocios, que de por si solos introducen impactos significativos. Sin embargo, de forma transitoria, las sociedades recién migradas muestran una menor homogeneidad en el RN con los US GAAP.

Por todo ello, consideramos acertada la decisión de la SEC, aunque futuras investigaciones deberán confirmar que las diferencias tienden a reducirse una vez que los efectos de la NIIF 1 se difuminan y que los avances previstos en la armonización de iure se trasladan a la armonización de facto.

Palabras clave:
US GAAP
NIC/NIIF
convergencia
reconciliación
primera adopción
Abstract

The aim of this paper is to test whether, the SEC's decision to allow only companies using IFRS not to reconcile their Equity (E) and Net Profit (NP) to US GAAP is justified. Our research is restricted to the telecommunications sector, and therefore, further research is needed to test whether our result are similar for other sectors. Using a sample of companies belonging to the telecommunications sector, we investigate whether the differences to US GAAP have been reduced after adopting IFRS, and whether these differences are significant.

According to our results, the IFRS adoption process has reduced the existing gap to US GAAP. In general, our findings show no significant differences, although there are some specific adjustments, such as business combinations, where the differences were statistically significant. However, we find evidence that the IFRS adoption process has led to a temporary increase in the existing gap to US GAAP for the NP.

Therefore, we consider that the SEC's decision is appropriate. Future research is needed to confirm the tendency found in this study indicating that the differences are decreasing as the effects of the NIIF 1 fade away and that the expected advances in the iure harmonization move to the facto harmonization.

Key words:
US GAAP
IFRS
convergence
reconciliation
first adoption
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Los autores agradecen los comentarios recibidos de los dos revisores anónimos, los cuales han contribuido sin duda alguna a la mejora del trabajo.

Copyright © 2009. Asociación Española de Profesores Universitarios de Contabilidad (ASEPUC)
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