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Inicio Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (English Edition) Massive hemorrhage after arterioesophageal fistula from an unknown aberrant subc...
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Vol. 70. Issue 3.
Pages 165-168 (March 2023)
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Vol. 70. Issue 3.
Pages 165-168 (March 2023)
Case report
Massive hemorrhage after arterioesophageal fistula from an unknown aberrant subclavian artery
Hemorragia masiva tras fístula arterio-esofágica por una arteria subclavia aberrante desconocida
J. Carballo Fernández
Corresponding author
, J. Arca Suárez, A. Prado Rodríguez, E. Freire Vila, D. Ruanova Seijo, M. Núñez Centeno
Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Tratamiento del Dolor, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
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Abstract

The aberrant right subclavian artery has an incidence of 0.5%–1% in the population, generally with retroesophageal location. It can lead to the formation of an arterio-esophageal fistula in patients with predisposing risk factors due to devices placed in esophageal or tracheal position, as it is particularly susceptible to extrinsic compression and pressure necrosis.

We present the case of a patient with a postsurgical tracheoesophageal fistula, who developed massive bleeding due to an arterioesophageal fistula secondary to an unknown aberrant right subclavian artery. For hemostatic management, alternative maneuvers were performed, such as the placement of a Foley-type urinary catheter at the point of bleeding and the subsequent placement of a Sengstaken-Blakemore balloon in cranial position.

Given the severity of the condition and the possible diagnostic delay, it seems appropriate to consider performing a preoperative CT angiography in patients with risk factors who undergo these procedures.

Keywords:
Fistula
Hemorrhage
Subclavian artery
Aberrant
Resumen

La arteria subclavia derecha aberrante tiene una incidencia de un 0,5%−1% en la población, con una localización generalmente retroesofágica. Puede llevar a la formación de una fístula arterio-esofágica en pacientes con factores de riesgo predisponentes por dispositivos colocados en posición esofágica o traqueal, al ser particularmente susceptible a la compresión extrínseca y a la necrosis por presión.

Presentamos el caso de un paciente con una fístula tráqueo-esofágica postquirúrgica, que desarrolló un sangrado masivo por una fístula arterio-esofágica secundaria a una arteria subclavia derecha aberrante desconocida. Para el manejo hemostático se realizaron maniobras alternativas, como la colocación de una sonda urinaria tipo Foley en el punto de sangrado y la posterior colocación de un balón de Sengstaken-Blakemore en posición craneal.

Dada la gravedad del cuadro y el posible retraso diagnóstico, parece adecuado considerar la realización de un angioTC preoperatorio en pacientes con factores de riesgo sometidos a estos procedimientos.

Palabras clave:
Fistula
Hemorragia
Arteria subclavia
Aberrante

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