Publication in the Spanish Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation of study protocols

Errando, C.L.; Ferrando, C.
doi:10.1016/j.redare.2020.04.002
 array:23 [
  "pii" => "S2341192920301037"
  "issn" => "23411929"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.redare.2020.04.002"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-08-01"
  "aid" => "1147"
  "copyright" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Anestesiolog&#237;a&#44; Reanimaci&#243;n y Terap&#233;utica del Dolor"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2020"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "subdocumento" => "sco"
  "cita" => "Revista Espa&#241;ola de Anestesiolog&#237;a y Reanimaci&#243;n &#40;English Version&#41;. 2020;67:361-3"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:1 [
    "total" => 0
  ]
  "Traduccion" => array:1 [
    "es" => array:19 [
      "pii" => "S0034935620301080"
      "issn" => "00349356"
      "doi" => "10.1016/j.redar.2020.04.004"
      "estado" => "S300"
      "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-08-01"
      "aid" => "1147"
      "copyright" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Anestesiolog&#237;a&#44; Reanimaci&#243;n y Terap&#233;utica del Dolor"
      "documento" => "article"
      "crossmark" => 1
      "subdocumento" => "sco"
      "cita" => "Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2020;67:361-3"
      "abierto" => array:3 [
        "ES" => false
        "ES2" => false
        "LATM" => false
      ]
      "gratuito" => false
      "lecturas" => array:1 [
        "total" => 0
      ]
      "es" => array:10 [
        "idiomaDefecto" => true
        "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>"
        "titulo" => "Publicaci&#243;n en la <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Revista Espa&#241;ola de Anestesiolog&#237;a y Reanimaci&#243;n</span> de protocolos de estudios"
        "tienePdf" => "es"
        "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es"
        "paginas" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "paginaInicial" => "361"
            "paginaFinal" => "363"
          ]
        ]
        "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
          "en" => array:1 [
            "titulo" => "Publication in the Spanish Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation of study protocols"
          ]
        ]
        "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "contienePdf" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "autores" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "autoresLista" => "C&#46;L&#46; Errando, C&#46; Ferrando"
            "autores" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "C&#46;L&#46;"
                "apellidos" => "Errando"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "C&#46;"
                "apellidos" => "Ferrando"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
      "Traduccion" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:9 [
          "pii" => "S2341192920301037"
          "doi" => "10.1016/j.redare.2020.04.002"
          "estado" => "S300"
          "subdocumento" => ""
          "abierto" => array:3 [
            "ES" => false
            "ES2" => false
            "LATM" => false
          ]
          "gratuito" => false
          "lecturas" => array:1 [
            "total" => 0
          ]
          "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
          "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2341192920301037?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
        ]
      ]
      "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0034935620301080?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
      "url" => "/00349356/0000006700000007/v2_202009081646/S0034935620301080/v2_202009081646/es/main.assets"
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2341192920301074"
    "issn" => "23411929"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.redare.2020.07.002"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-08-01"
    "aid" => "1081"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Anestesiolog&#237;a&#44; Reanimaci&#243;n y Terap&#233;utica del Dolor"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "sco"
    "cita" => "Revista Espa&#241;ola de Anestesiolog&#237;a y Reanimaci&#243;n &#40;English Version&#41;. 2020;67:364-6"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial article</span>"
      "titulo" => "Anesthesiology&#58; Gender and leadership"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "364"
          "paginaFinal" => "366"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Anestesiolog&#237;a&#58; g&#233;nero y liderazgo"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "M&#46;J&#46; Colomina"
          "autores" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "M&#46;J&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Colomina"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "Traduccion" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:9 [
        "pii" => "S0034935619302051"
        "doi" => "10.1016/j.redar.2019.11.001"
        "estado" => "S300"
        "subdocumento" => ""
        "abierto" => array:3 [
          "ES" => false
          "ES2" => false
          "LATM" => false
        ]
        "gratuito" => false
        "lecturas" => array:1 [
          "total" => 0
        ]
        "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
        "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0034935619302051?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
      ]
    ]
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2341192920301074?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/23411929/0000006700000007/v1_202009130733/S2341192920301074/v1_202009130733/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:13 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial article</span>"
    "titulo" => "Publication in the Spanish Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation of study protocols"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "361"
        "paginaFinal" => "363"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "C&#46;L&#46; Errando, C&#46; Ferrando"
        "autores" => array:2 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "C&#46;L&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Errando"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "errando013@gmail.com"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "&#42;"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "C&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Ferrando"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:3 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servicio de Anestesiolog&#237;a&#44; Reanimaci&#243;n y Terap&#233;utica del Dolor&#44; Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia&#44; Valencia&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Departmento de Anestesiolog&#237;a y Cuidados cr&#237;ticos&#44; Institut d&#39;Investigaci&#243; Pi i Sunyer &#40;IDIBAPS&#41;&#44; Hospital Cl&#237;nic i Provincial&#44; Barcelona&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias&#44; Instituto de Salud Carlos III&#44; Madrid&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "c"
            "identificador" => "aff0015"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Publicaci&#243;n en la <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Revista Espa</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#241;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ola de Anestesiolog</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#237;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a y Reanimaci</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#243;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> de protocolos de estudios"
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the March issue of the SPANISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY &#40;REDAR&#41;&#44; Abad-Motos et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> published an article describing and presenting to the scientific community a protocol for a study with unknown &#40;unpublished&#41; results&#46; This&#44; together with a similar article by Campos et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> are the first of its kind to appear in our journal&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Why publish this type of article&#63; Do readers need to know certain aspects of a study&#8211;specifically&#44; the approach used&#44; a detailed description of the background and the methods to be used&#44; and the authors&#8217; own critique of their methodology-before publication and even before the start of data collection&#63; What is this &#8220;relatively new&#8221; fashion or trend&#63;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Scientific publications have grown exponentially&#44; and continue to do so year after year&#46; We will not go into all the reasons for this-suffice to say that the existence of large numbers of scientists working on many different aspects of science is not as positive as it would first appear&#46; In the field of science&#44; and therefore of medicine&#44; evidence has shown that much of the scientific literature&#44; perhaps even half&#44; is untrue&#33;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Richard Horton&#44; one of the editors of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">The Lancet</span>&#44; gives several reasons for this&#44; including but not limited to studies with small sample sizes&#44; tiny effects - albeit with differences&#44; invalid exploratory analyses&#44; flagrant conflicts of interest&#44; and an obsession for pursuing fashionable trends &#40;intensive care and pain therapy appear frequently in the field of anaesthesiology&#41;&#44; etc&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Seen from the authors&#8217; perspective&#44; this could be the main&#44; but not the only&#44; cause&#46; We also have to consider the review that every article must undergo once the authors have submitted it to a journal or scientific channel for publication&#46; This step that should&#44; as it was originally conceived&#44; border on excellence&#44; has its own limitations&#46; Whatever the method used &#40;blind&#44; single blind&#44; open&#44; etc&#46;&#41;&#44; peer review has its drawbacks and is resistant to study&#46; Some have called it a secretive process in which reports only accessible to a chosen few are issued and then discussed and debated by the editors of the journal &#8220;behind closed doors&#8221; before taking the final decision to publish&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Returning the our first argument&#46; The weaknesses of the studies published cause two major problems&#58; incorrect results&#44; as mentioned above&#44; and a waste of resource&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a> Let us not forget that considerable resources from various sources have gone towards much of the research carried out worldwide&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There are also other problems&#44; such as assessing the replicability&#44; reproducibility and the aforementioned &#34;fragility&#34; of the study results&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;8</span></a> Not to mention the ever-present scourge of scientific fraud&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#8211;11</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">How can these problems be resolved or avoided&#63; Some experts have put forward a variety of solutions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> For example&#44; performing systematic reviews using previously registered and published protocols for that describe the research schedule and allow third parties to identify discrepancies between the protocol and the final published study&#46; This&#44; in 2011&#44; prompted the creation of PROSPERO&#44; an international&#44; open access&#44; prospective register of systematic reviews&#46; These open access registers will help prevent publication bias&#44; unnecessary duplication&#44; and will improve transparency&#46; In fact&#44; some public health institution&#44; for example in the UK and Canada&#44; demand protocol registry&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> and some experts have drawn up guidelines on recommended &#40;or required&#41; statistical analysis plans for different types of data&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Such is the importance of this issue that for some years several indexed scientific medical journals&#44; for example <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Systematic Reviews</span>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Trials</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> or <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">British Medical Journal Open</span>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> have accepted articles that describe research and work protocols&#46; The aim is not only to make them publicly accessible&#44; but also&#44; in some cases&#44; to improve the quality of clinical trials or accept innovative designs&#44; and to facilitate discussion on the problems found in previous studies or in the research presented&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The recommendation to publish study protocols is now being extended to almost all types of scientific study&#58; observational&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> randomized studies with data extracted from large databases &#40;&#34;big data&#34; from electronic medical records or administrative databases&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> or pragmatic clinical trials&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One of the drawbacks of publishing study protocols is the absence of a formal structure&#46; In their instructions to authors&#44; specialised journals request that such manuscripts be submitted as if they were an original study &#40;randomized&#44; observational&#44; etc&#46;&#41; but obviously without the &#34;Results&#34; section&#59; introduction&#44; material and methods &#40;or methods&#44; including statistics&#41;&#44; discussion and bibliography &#40;with or without tables or figures&#41;&#46; New structured publication standards specific to this type of study are being developed&#46; Some&#44; for example&#44; combine certain international recommendations &#40;Standard Protocol Items&#58; Recommendations for Interventional Trials &#91;SPIRIT&#93; plus the specific details of each protocol&#44; or Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols &#91;PRISMA-P&#93;&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;17</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In our specialty&#44; &#40;apart from general medical journals that publish studies in various specialties&#41; one of the pioneers in this respect has been <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica</span>&#44; which published 27 study protocols between January 2019 and March 2020&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The publication of protocols for any type of scientific study has&#44; like all innovations&#44; its pros and cons&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> In addition&#44; the systematic inclusion of these articles in specific publications or in a new section involves making changes&#44; for example&#58; should they be published <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">on-line</span> only or in print format&#63; Do they require an electronic platform to speed up comments&#63; What is the ideal exposure time&#63; Should modified protocols be replaced and justified without removing the previous versions&#63;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It must be emphasized that for study protocols to be valid&#44; they must not only be detailed&#44; correctly formatted&#44; and published prior to the start of the field research &#40;so that any changes suggested can be introduced&#41;&#44; but also peer-reviewed&#44; published before the start of recruitment &#40;in prospective studies&#41;&#44; before data collection &#40;in retrospective studies&#41;&#44; or before searching the literature &#40;in systematic reviews&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> REDAR&#44; like other leading journals&#44; has started publishing articles on study protocols&#46; We thank all authors who continue to entrust their manuscripts to REDAR and help improve both the journal and its circulation by submitting study protocols for publication&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Funding</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No funding&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">CF is editor in chief of REDAR and CLE is associate editor of REDAR&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:3 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Funding"
        ]
        1 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0010"
          "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest"
        ]
        2 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; Errando CL&#44; Ferrando C&#46; Publicaci&#243;n en la <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Revista Espa</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#241;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ola de Anestesiolog</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#237;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a y Reanimaci</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#243;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> de protocolos de estudios&#46; Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim&#46; 2020&#59;67&#58;361&#8211;363&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:18 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Auditor&#237;a nacional de complicaciones despu&#233;s de la cirug&#237;a g&#225;strica por c&#225;ncer dentro o no de un protocolo de recuperaci&#243;n intensificada &#40;POWER&#46;4&#41;&#58; protocolo de un estudio prospectivo&#44; multic&#233;ntrico&#44; observacional de cohortes"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Abad-Motos"
                            1 => "J&#46; Ripoll&#233;s-Melchor"
                            2 => "M&#46; Bruna-Esteban"
                            3 => "C&#46; Ferrando-Ortol&#225;"
                            4 => "G&#46; Paseiro-Crespo"
                            5 => "A&#46; Abad-Gurumeta"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.redar.2019.10.004"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "67"
                        "paginaInicial" => "130"
                        "paginaFinal" => "138xx-xx"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31767197"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Reevaluaci&#243;n de los efectos de PEEP alta con maniobras de reclutamiento vs&#46; PEEP baja sin maniobras de reclutamiento durante la anestesia general para cirug&#237;a&#58; protocolo y plan de an&#225;lisis estad&#237;stico para un metaan&#225;lisis de los datos de pacientes individuales de PROVHILO&#44; iPROVE y PROBESE"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "N&#46;S&#46; Campos"
                            1 => "T&#46; Bluth"
                            2 => "S&#46;N&#46;T&#46; Hemmes"
                            3 => "J&#46; Librero"
                            4 => "N&#46; Pozo"
                            5 => "C&#46; Ferrando"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.redar.2019.08.002"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "67"
                        "paginaInicial" => "76"
                        "paginaFinal" => "89"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31955891"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0015"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Offline&#58; what is medicine&#8217;s 5 sigma&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Horton"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Lancet"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "385"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1380"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0020"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Secretive and subjective&#44; peer review proves resistant to study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Couzin-Frankel"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1126/science.341.6152.1331"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Science"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "341"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1331"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24052283"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0025"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Research&#58; increasing value&#44; reducing waste 2&#46; Increasing value and reducing waste in research design&#44; conduct&#44; and analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;P&#46;A&#46; Ioannidis"
                            1 => "S&#46; Greenland"
                            2 => "M&#46;A&#46; Hlatky"
                            3 => "M&#46;J&#46; Khoury"
                            4 => "M&#46;R&#46; Macleod"
                            5 => "D&#46; Moher"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62227-8"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Lancet"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "383"
                        "paginaInicial" => "166"
                        "paginaFinal" => "175"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24411645"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0030"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "How to make more published research true"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "J&#46;P&#46; Ioannidis"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "PLoS Med"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "11"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0035"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Replicability&#44; reproducibility&#44; and fragility of research findings-Ultimately&#44; caveat emptor"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "T&#46;R&#46; Vetter"
                            1 => "G&#46; McGwin"
                            2 => "J&#46;F&#46; Pittet"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1213/ANE.0000000000001398"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Anesth Analg"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "123"
                        "paginaInicial" => "244"
                        "paginaFinal" => "248"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27183372"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0040"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The fragility of statistically significant findings in randomised controlled anaesthesiology trials&#58; systematic review of the medical literature"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Mazzinari"
                            1 => "L&#46; Ball"
                            2 => "A&#46; Serpa Neto"
                            3 => "C&#46;L&#46; Errando"
                            4 => "A&#46;M&#46; Dondorp"
                            5 => "L&#46;D&#46; Bos"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.bja.2018.01.012"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Br J Anaesth"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "volumen" => "120"
                        "paginaInicial" => "935"
                        "paginaFinal" => "941"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29661411"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0045"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fraud in anesthesia - an editor&#8217;s perspective"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "J&#46;C&#46; Eisenach"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.redar.2013.09.004"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "60"
                        "paginaInicial" => "547"
                        "paginaFinal" => "548"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25493303"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0050"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fraude cient&#237;fico en las publicaciones o el &#171;juego de polic&#237;as y ladrones&#187;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Abad-Gurumeta"
                            1 => "J&#46;M&#46; Calvo Vecino"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.redar.2015.09.001"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "62"
                        "paginaInicial" => "549"
                        "paginaFinal" => "550"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26464026"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0055"
              "etiqueta" => "11"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The analysis of 168 randomised controlled trials to test data integrity"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "J&#46;B&#46; Carlisle"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/j.1365-2044.2012.07128.x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Anaesthesia"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "67"
                        "paginaInicial" => "521"
                        "paginaFinal" => "537"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22404311"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0060"
              "etiqueta" => "12"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Guidelines for the content of statistical analysis plans in clinical trials"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Gamble"
                            1 => "A&#46; Krishan"
                            2 => "D&#46; Stocken"
                            3 => "S&#46; Lewis"
                            4 => "E&#46; Juszczak"
                            5 => "C&#46; Dor&#233;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1001/jama.2017.18556"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "JAMA"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "318"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2337"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2343"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29260229"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0065"
              "etiqueta" => "13"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Trials Journal&#46; &#91;consultado 22 February 2020&#93; <a target="_blank" href="https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com">https&#58;&#47;&#47;trialsjournal&#46;biomedcentral&#46;com</a>&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0070"
              "etiqueta" => "14"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Br Med J Open&#46; &#91;consultado 24 February 2020&#93; <a target="_blank" href="https://bmjopen.bmj.com">https&#58;&#47;&#47;bmjopen&#46;bmj&#46;com</a>&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0075"
              "etiqueta" => "15"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Making prospective registration of observational research a reality"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Dal-R&#233;"
                            1 => "J&#46;P&#46; Ioannidis"
                            2 => "M&#46;B&#46; Bracken"
                            3 => "P&#46;A&#46; Buffler"
                            4 => "A&#46;W&#46; Chan"
                            5 => "E&#46;L&#46;C&#46; Franco"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Sci Transl Med"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2224cm1"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0080"
              "etiqueta" => "16"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Trials Journal&#46; &#91;consultado 22 February 2020&#93; <a target="_blank" href="https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com/submissionguidelines/preparing-your-manuscript">https&#58;&#47;&#47;trialsjournal&#46;biomedcentral&#46;com&#47;submissionguidelines&#47;preparing-your-manuscript</a>&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0085"
              "etiqueta" => "17"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Foresight over hindsight&#58; mandatory publication of clinical research protocols prior to conduct"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Kaufmann"
                            1 => "A&#46; Granholm"
                            2 => "F&#46; Keus"
                            3 => "J&#46; Myburgh"
                            4 => "A&#46; Perner"
                            5 => "M&#46; Hylander M&#248;ller"
                            6 => "I&#46;C&#46;C&#46; van der Horst"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/aas.13267"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "63"
                        "paginaInicial" => "267"
                        "paginaFinal" => "269"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30311209"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0090"
              "etiqueta" => "18"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Wiley&#44; ed&#46; &#91;consultado 22 February 2020&#93; <a target="_blank" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearchAfterMonth=1&amp;AfterYear=2019&amp;BeforeMonth=4&amp;BeforeYear=2020&amp;Ppub=&amp;field1=Title&amp;field2=AllField&amp;field3=AllField&amp;publication%5B%5D=13996576&amp;text1=%22protocol%22&amp;text2=&amp;text3=&amp;pageSize=20&amp;startPage=1">https&#58;&#47;&#47;onlinelibrary&#46;wiley&#46;com&#47;action&#47;doSearchAfterMonth&#61;1&#38;AfterYear&#61;2019&#38;BeforeMonth&#61;4&#38;BeforeYear&#61;2020&#38;Ppub&#61;&#38;field1&#61;Title&#38;field2&#61;AllField&#38;field3&#61;AllField&#38;publication&#37;5B&#37;5D&#61;13996576&#38;text1&#61;&#37;22protocol&#37;22&#38;text2&#61;&#38;text3&#61;&#38;pageSize&#61;20&#9734;tPage&#61;1</a>&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/23411929/0000006700000007/v1_202009130733/S2341192920301037/v1_202009130733/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "62207"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Editorial article"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/23411929/0000006700000007/v1_202009130733/S2341192920301037/v1_202009130733/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2341192920301037?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
]
Indexed in:

Follow us:

Subscribe:

Article

Indexed in:

Follow us:

Subscribe:

Article

Subscribe to our newsletter
