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Inicio Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (English Edition) Intraoperative goal-directed hemodynamic therapy through fluid administration to...
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Original article
Available online 16 September 2024
Intraoperative goal-directed hemodynamic therapy through fluid administration to optimize the stroke volume: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Terapia hemodinámica guiada por objetivos mediante la administración de líquidos para optimizar el volumen sistólico: metaanálisis de ensayos controlados aleatorizados
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J. Ripollés-Melchora,b,c,
Corresponding author
ripo542@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Á.V. Espinosac,d, P. Fernández-Valdes-Bangoa,b, R. Navarro-Pérezb,c,e, A. Abad-Motosf, J.V. Lorentec,g, M.J. Colominac,h,i,j, E. Sáez-Ruiza,b, A. Abad-Gurumetaa,b, M.I. Monge-Garcíac,k
a Department of Anesthesia, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
b Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
c Fluid Therapy and Hemodynamic Monitoring Group of the Spanish Society of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Madrid, Spain
d Department of Anesthesia, Mohammed Bin Khalifa Cardiac Centre, Awali, Bahrain
e Department of Anesthesia, Clínico San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
f Department of Anesthesia, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain
g Department of Anesthesia, Juan Ramón Jiménez University Hospital, Huelva, Spain
h Department of Anesthesia, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
i Barcelona University, Barcelona, Spain
j Bellvitge Biomedical Reseach-IDIBELL-Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
k Department of Critical Care, Jerez de la Frontera University Hospital, Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz, Spain
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Received 23 January 2024. Accepted 07 April 2024
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Table 1. Characteristics of the included studies.
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Abstract
Objective

To evaluate the clinical impact of optimizing stroke volume (SV) through fluid administration as part of goal-directed hemodynamic therapy (GDHT) in adult patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery.

Methods

This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and was registered in the PROSPERO database in January 2024. The intervention was defined as intraoperative GDHT based on the optimization or maximization of SV through fluid challenges, or by using dynamic indices of fluid responsiveness, including stroke volume variation, pulse pressure variation, and plethysmography variation index compared to usual fluid management. The primary outcome was postoperative complications. Secondary outcome variables included postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), length of stay (LOS), intraoperative fluid administration, and 30-day mortality.

Results

A total of 29 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met the inclusion criteria. There were no significant differences in the incidence of postoperative complications (RR 0.89; 95% CI, 0.78–1.00), postoperative AKI (OR 0.97; (95% IC, 0.55–1.70), and mortality (OR 0.80; 95% CI, 0.50–1.29). GDHT was associated with a reduced LOS compared to usual care (SMD: −0.17 [−0.32; −0.03]). The subgroup in which hydroxyethyl starch was used for hemodynamic optimization was associated with fewer complications (RR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.65–0.94), whereas the subgroup of patients in whom crystalloids were used was associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications (RR 1.08; 95% CI, 1.04–1.12).

Conclusions

In adults undergoing major surgery, goal-directed hemodynamic therapy focused on fluid-based stroke volume optimization did not reduce postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Keywords:
Fluid therapy/methods*
Hemodynamics/physiology
Postoperative complications/epidemiology
Fluid therapy/statistics & numerical data
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar el impacto clínico de optimizar el volumen sistólico (VS) mediante la administración de líquidos como parte de una terapia hemodinámica guiada por objetivos (THGO) en pacientes adultos sometidos a cirugía abdominal mayor electiva.

Métodos

Esta revisión sistemática y metaanálisis fue realizada de acuerdo con la declaración PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), y fue registrada en la base de datos PROSPERO en enero de 2024. La intervención fue definida como THGO intraoperatoria basada en la optimización o maximización del VS mediante retos de fluidos, o mediante el uso de índices dinámicos dmen sistólico, la variación de la presión de pulso y la variación del índice pletismográfico, en comparación con el manejo de líquidos habitual. El resultado primario fueron las complicaciones postoperatorias. Las variables del resultado secundario incluyeron insuficiencia renal aguda (IRA) postoperatoria, estancia hospitalaria postoperatoria (EHP), administración de líquidos intraoperatoria, y mortalidad a 30 días.

Resultados

Un total de 29 ensayos controlados aleatorizados (ECAs) cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. No se observaron diferencias significativas en cuanto a la incidencia de complicaciones postoperatorias (RR 0,89; 95% IC, 0,78 a 1), IRA postoperatoria (OR 0,97; (95% IC, 0,55 a 1,70), y mortalidad (OR 0,80; 95% IC, 0,50 a 1,29). La THGO estuvo asociada a una reducción de la EHP, en comparación con los cuidados habituales (DME: −0,17 [−0,32; −0,03]). El subgrupo en que se utilizó hidroxietil-almidón (HEA) para optimización hemodinámica estuvo asociado a menores complicaciones (RR 0,79; 95% IC, 0,65 a 0,94), mientras que el subgrupo de pacientes en los que se utilizaron cristaloides estuvo asociado a un incremento del riesgo de complicaciones postoperatorias (RR 1,08; 95% IC, 1,04 a 1,12).

Conclusiones

En los adultos sometidos a cirugía mayor, la terapia hemodinámica guiada por objetivos dirigida a la optimización del volumen sistólico con líquidos no redujo la morbilidad y mortalidad postoperatorias.

Palabras clave:
Fluidoterapia/métodos*
Hemodinámica/fisiología
Complicaciones postoperatorias/epidemiología
Fluidoterapia/estadística y datos numéricos

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