Información del artículo
Abstract
Objective
To kinetically evaluate patients with a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fracture in order to establish a biomechanical assessment and follow-up protocol.
Patients and methodsA total of 45 males, with a mean age of 34 years and an isolated torn ACL or associated with a torn meniscus, were assessed before surgery. Walking, sprinting and jump tests were performed to assess the floor reaction forces, comparing the injured side with the healthy or control side. The force parameters for each of the movements were obtained and analysed.
ResultsWe obtained differences in the support forces in different tests, particularly in the jumps. The single-legged jump decreased the vertical support strength and increased the support time in the injured leg, and the jump time was half with a torn ACL. In the vertical jump, the vertical propulsion force and also the support time of the injured side decreased. In the drop and push jump, the vertical drop force and the vertical push force decreased.
ConclusionsThe torn ACL affects the movement kinetics, particularly in the jump tests. A kinetic protocol would be useful for assessing torn ACL and their outcome after surgery.
Keywords:
Anterior cruciate ligament
Biomechanics
Kinetics
Jump
Knee
Resumen
Objetivo
Evaluar cinéticamente pacientes con una rotura del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) para establecer un protocolo biomecánico de evaluación y seguimiento.
Pacientes y metodologíaSe estudiaron 45 pacientes varones, con una media de 34 años y rotura aislada del LCA o asociado a rotura de menisco, antes de la cirugía. Realizaron pruebas de marcha, “sprint” y salto para valorar las fuerzas de reacción con el suelo, comparando el lado lesionado con el sano o control. Se obtuvieron y analizaron los parámetros de fuerza de cada uno de los movimientos.
ResultadosObtuvimos diferencias en las fuerzas de apoyo en diferentes pruebas, especialmente en los saltos. En el salto monopodal disminuyó la fuerza vertical de apoyo, aumentó el tiempo de apoyo, en la pierna lesionada y el tiempo del salto fue la mitad con una rotura del LCA. En el salto vertical disminuyó la fuerza vertical de impulso y también el tiempo de apoyo del lado lesionado. En el salto con caída e impulso disminuyó la fuerza vertical de caída y la fuerza vertical de impulso.
ConclusionesLa rotura del LCA afecta a la cinética del movimiento, especialmente en las pruebas de salto. Un protocolo cinético puede ser útil para valorar la rotura del LCA y su evolución tras la cirugía.
Palabras clave:
Ligamento cruzado anterior
Biomecánica
Cinética
Salto
Rodilla
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