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Evolución a corto y medio plazo del infarto agudo de miocardio transmural en mujeres ancianas. ¿Son tratadas correctamente?
Short- and mid-term outcomes of Q-wave acute myocardial infarction in elderly women. Are they receiving appropriate treatment?
José G. Galache Osuna
Autor para correspondencia
galaruiz@comz.org

Correspondencia: Dr. J.G. Galache Osuna. Servicio de Cardiología. Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet. Isabel la Católica, 1-3. 50009. Zaragoza. España.
, Cristina Moreno Ambroj, Juan Sánchez-Rubio Lezcano, Isabel Calvo Cebollero, Ana Portolés Ocampo, Carmen Aured Guallar, Jose A. Diarte de Miguel, Luis J. Placer Peralta
Servicio de Cardiología. Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet. Zaragoza. España
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Dado que el infarto agudo de miocardio &#40;IAM&#41; con onda Q es una afecci&#243;n con elevada mortalidad en mujeres ancianas&#44; intentamos conocer cu&#225;l es su evoluci&#243;n actual&#44; su tratamiento y los factores que condicionan el pron&#243;stico&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio descriptivo que incluy&#243; a todas las mujeres &#8805; 75 a&#241;os con diagn&#243;stico de IAM transmural en el per&#237;odo 2002-2005&#46; Se analizaron las variables epidemiol&#243;gicas&#44; cl&#237;nicas&#44; complicaciones vasculares y la evoluci&#243;n durante la estancia intrahospitalaria y a medio plazo&#46; Se compararon estas variables seg&#250;n hubieran recibido en fase aguda terapia de reperfusi&#243;n o no&#44; y se registr&#243; el motivo de no recibir ese tratamiento&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se incluy&#243; a 152 mujeres&#59; la edad media fue de 82&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6&#44;2 a&#241;os&#46; Un 34&#44;2&#37; eran diab&#233;ticas y con IAM anterior en el 40&#44;8&#37;&#59; el 27&#37; ten&#237;a un grado Killip III-IV&#46; Se realiz&#243; tratamiento de revascularizaci&#243;n en fase aguda al 21&#44;1&#37;&#46; La mortalidad intrahospitalaria fue del 25&#44;8&#37; y la acumulada a 6 meses del 37&#44;3&#37;&#46; La incidencia de eventos mayores al a&#241;o fue 43&#44;8&#37;&#46; No recibir terapia de reperfusi&#243;n estuvo condicionado por&#46; la edad&#44; el bloqueo de la rama izquierda&#44; la demora en acudir al hospital y por decisi&#243;n m&#233;dica&#46; La mortalidad fue 3&#44;3 veces menor en el grupo tratado&#44; aunque con un riesgo relativo de complicaci&#243;n hemorr&#225;gica del 2&#44;5&#46; Adem&#225;s de la ausencia de tratamiento revascularizador&#44; el grado Killip y la fracci&#243;n de eyecci&#243;n fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El IAM en las ancianas contin&#250;a siendo una afecci&#243;n con elevada morbimortalidad&#46; A pesar del beneficio observado&#44; estas pacientes reciben escasa terapia de reperfusi&#243;n en fase aguda&#44; aunque no existe contraindicaci&#243;n formal en la mitad de los casos&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Q-wave acute myocardial infarction leads to high mortality in elderly women&#46; The aim of this study was to determine current outcomes&#44; treatment and prognostic factors in these patients&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">All women aged &#8805;75 with Q-wave acute myocardial infarction admitted to our hospital from 2002-2005 were included in this descriptive study&#46; Epidemiological and clinical variables&#44; vascular complications&#44; intra-hospital outcomes&#44; and mid-term follow-up were analyzed and compared depending on whether reperfusion therapy was administered on admission or not&#46; The reasons for not administering this therapy were recorded&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We included 152 women&#46; The mean age was 82&#46;2 years &#40;SD 6&#46;2&#41;&#46; A total of 34&#46;2&#37; had diabetes and 40&#46;8&#37; had anterior myocardial infarction&#46; Killip class III-IV was found in 27&#46;0&#37;&#46; Reperfusion therapy was administered to 21&#46;1&#37; of the patients&#46; Intra-hospital mortality was 25&#46;8&#37; and 6-month mortality was 37&#46;3&#37;&#46; The incidence of major cardiac events at 1 year was 43&#46;8&#37;&#46; Non-administration of reperfusion therapy was related to age&#44; left bundle-branch block&#44; delayed admission&#44; and medical decision&#46; Mortality was 3&#46;3 times lower in treated patients&#44; although the relative risk of hemorrhagic complications was 2&#46;5 times higher than that in non-treated patients&#46; Independent predictors of mortality were lack of reperfusion therapy&#44; high Killip class on admission&#44; and low ejection fraction&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Acute myocardial infarction in elderly women continues to cause high morbidity and mortality&#46; Reperfusion therapy is little used in this group of patients&#44; despite the observed benefits&#46; Half these patients have no contraindications for reperfusion therapy&#46;</p>"
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ISSN: 0211139X
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