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Inicio Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología Variaciones antropométricas y de fuerza entre personas de 50 a 70 años practic...
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Vol. 38. Núm. 2.
Páginas 79-85 (enero 2003)
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Vol. 38. Núm. 2.
Páginas 79-85 (enero 2003)
Acceso a texto completo
Variaciones antropométricas y de fuerza entre personas de 50 a 70 años practicantes de atletismo y gimnasia de mantenimiento
Differences in anthropometric measurements and force production in sporting and non-sporting individuals aged 50-70 years
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4457
J.M. Gonzáleza,
Autor para correspondencia
JoseMaria.Gonzalez@uclm.es

Correspondencia: Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Campus Antigua Fábrica de Armas. Avda. Carlos III s/n. 45071 Toledo. España.
, M. Delgadob, O.R. Contrerasc, M. Vaquerod
a Profesor Asociado. Departamento de Actividad Física y Ciencias del Deporte. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Toledo. España
b Profesor Titular. Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva. Universidad de Granada. Granada. España
c Catedrático. Departamento de Actividad Física y Ciencias del Deporte. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Toledo. España
d Catedrático. Escuela Universitaria. Departamento de Enfermería. Universidad de Córdoba. España
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Resumen

Este estudio compara la producción de fuerza determinada por el test de Bosco, la masa muscular, el área de sección transversal (AST) determinada por antropometría, el porcentaje graso determinado por impedancia bioeléctrica, y la creatincinasa determinada por análisis de sangre. Estas variaciones estaban en función de la actividad física realizada por 32 sujetos (17 varones y 15 mujeres) divididos en dos grupos, deportistas (GD) y no deportistas con gimnasia de mantenimiento (GND). Los resultados muestran que las manifestaciones de fuerza medidas con el test de Bosco son mayores en los deportistas respecto a practicantes de gimnasia de mantenimiento (p < 0,05), a pesar de que la actividad fisicodeportiva que realizan (entrenamiento de resistencia) es inespecífica para el desarrollo de la fuerza. Además se verifica la correlación inversamente proporcional entre la edad y las manifestaciones de fuerza. Por último, los sujetos de ambos grupos presentan valores similares de peso, AST de brazo y muslo, así como de masa muscular valorada por la ecuación de Doupe, aunque el grupo de sujetos deportistas posee menor porcentaje graso y mayor masa muscular valorada por la ecuación de Martin (p < 0,05).

Palabras clave:
Envejecimiento
Calidad de vida
Sarcopenia
Fuerza
Antropometría
Creatincinasa
Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare force production determined by the Bosco test, muscle mass, cross-sectional area (CSA) determined by anthropometry, percent of body fat determined by bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA), and creatine kinase determined by blood analysis; and to evaluate how these changes varied according to the physical activity performed by 32 elderly subjects, 17 men and 15 women, divided into two groups: athletes and individuals engaging in a maintenance exercise program. Force production measured by the Bosco test was greater in athletes than in the maintenance group (p < 0.05), even though the physical-sporting activity practiced (endurance training) is non-specific for the development of explosive strength. Moreover, there was an a proportional inverse correlation between age and strength. Lastly, both groups showed similar weight values, arm and thigh cross-sectional area (CSA), and muscle mass measured by Doupe's equation, even though the athletic group possessed a lower percentage of body fat and greater muscle mass as measured by Martin's equation (p < 0.05).

Key words:
Aging
Quality of life
Sarcopenia
Strength
Anthropometry
Creatinekinase
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Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología
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