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Vol. 24. Issue 1.
Pages 19-26 (January - March 2023)
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Vol. 24. Issue 1.
Pages 19-26 (January - March 2023)
Original article
Vaccine hesitancy: Opinion of people responsible for the care of infants in Barcelona
Reticencia vacunal: opinión de las personas responsables de los cuidados de infantes en Barcelona
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Iago Rodríguez-Peñaa,e,f,
Corresponding author
irodrigu@aspb.cat

Corresponding author.
, Victoria Porthéa,b, Alba Asensioa, Èlia Dieza,b,c,d
a Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
c Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica (IBB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
d Departamento de Ciencias Experimentales y de la Salud, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
e Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
f Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Objectives

To describe the opinions regarding vaccination of parents of infants aged 0–7 years in Barcelona with different profiles of vaccine hesitancy; to describe the elements contributing to hesitancy; and to explore suggestions for improvement.

Materials and methods

Qualitative exploratory-descriptive and phenomenological study. Thirteen semi-structured individual interviews were carried out with parents of infants with vaccine hesitancy (12 mothers and one father). A thematic content analysis was performed. Data quality was ensured through triangulation strategies.

Results

Among the elements contributing to vaccine hesitancy, the participants highlighted the scarce information on vaccines provided by the health system, the variability in the treatment received at the consultation and their need to make informed decisions. Insufficient information contributes to their perception that the vaccination schedule is excessive, premature and rigid, and to the low risk perception of some diseases. Although they report trust in health services, many complement it with private or non-biomedical services. Mothers considered that the COVID-19 pandemic had little influence on their hesitancy.

Conclusions

The hesitancy identified among the informants is attributed to the lack of information provided by the health services, the communication and treatment received at the consultation and unresolved doubts regarding the vaccination schedule. It is recommended to increase the skills of the professional teams to improve communication with parents of infants and to increase the quality of the information provided by the National Health System.

Keywords:
Vaccines
Vaccine hesitancy
Parenting
Qualitative research
Public health
Resumen
Objetivos

Describir las opiniones respecto a la vacunación de las personas responsables de los cuidados de infantes de 0–7 años en Barcelona con diferentes perfiles de reticencia vacunal; describir los elementos que contribuyen a la reticencia y explorar sugerencias de mejora.

Materiales y métodos

Estudio cualitativo exploratorio–descriptivo y fenomenológico. Se realizaron 13 entrevistas individuales semiestructuradas con responsables de infantes con reticencia vacunal (12 madres y un padre). Se efectuó un análisis temático del contenido. La calidad de los datos se garantizó mediante estrategias de triangulación.

Resultados

Entre los elementos que contribuyen a la reticencia vacunal, las participantes destacaron la escasa información sobre vacunas aportada por el sistema sanitario, la variabilidad en el trato recibido en la consulta y su necesidad de tomar decisiones informadas. La información insuficiente contribuye a su percepción de que el calendario vacunal es excesivo, precoz y rígido, y a la baja percepción del riesgo de algunas enfermedades. Aunque reportan confianza en los servicios sanitarios, muchas lo complementan con servicios privados o no-biomédicos. Las madres consideraban que la pandemia de COVID-19 había tenido escasa influencia en su reticencia.

Conclusiones

La reticencia identificada entre las informantes se atribuye a la falta de información aportada por los servicios sanitarios, a la comunicación y el trato recibido en la consulta y a las dudas no resueltas respecto al calendario vacunal. Se recomienda incrementar las habilidades de los equipos profesionales para mejorar la comunicación con las personas responsables de infantes y aumentar la calidad de la información que ofrece el Sistema Nacional de Salud.

Palabras clave:
Vacunas
Reticencia vacunal
Responsabilidad parental
Investigación cualitativa
Salud pública

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es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos

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