Commentary regarding the anatomy of the tibial nerve

Sánchez-Martín, F.M.; Lorente Gascón, M.Á.

doi:10.1016/j.acuroe.2019.05.005

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"apellidos" => "Palou" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S021048061930066X" "doi" => "10.1016/j.acuro.2019.02.006" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S021048061930066X?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173578619300861?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/21735786/0000004300000008/v1_201910021051/S2173578619300861/v1_201910021051/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Letter to the Editor" "titulo" => "Commentary regarding the anatomy of the tibial nerve" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "Dear Editor:" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "452" "paginaFinal" => "453" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "F.M. Sánchez-Martín, M.Á. Lorente Gascón" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "F.M." "apellidos" => "Sánchez-Martín" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "fsanchez@fundacio-puigvert.es" ] "referencia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 2 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M.Á." "apellidos" => "Lorente Gascón" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Urología, Fundación Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Acupuntura, Clínica Teknon, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Laboratorio de Anatomía Humana, Facultad de Medicina, UVIC-UCC, Spain" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Comentario relativo a la anatomía del nervio tibial" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 815 "Ancho" => 1330 "Tamanyo" => 153995 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Internal malleolus dissection (A): posterior tibial (1) and flexor digitorum longus (2) tendons, posterior tibial vessels (3), tibial nerve (4) and puncture level (arrow), flexor hallucis longus tendon (5) and Achilles tendon (B)." ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "According to the authors of the editorial published in your journal,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">1</a> the transcutaneous stimulation of the “posterior tibial nerve” (acronym: T-PTNS)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0030">2,3</a> is a therapeutic option for the treatment of urge incontinence. Following the current criteria of anatomy, it would be enough to use “tibial nerve”, without “posterior”. This is approved by the current nomenclature of the Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (n. tibialis, code A14.2.07.058),<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">4</a> the most relevant modern treatises of human anatomy (Moore, Prometheus, Snell, Tortora) and some updated classics (Grant, Grey, Netter, Sobotta).The tibial nerve comes from L4-S3 along with other elements of the lumbosacral plexus, emerges from below the piriformis muscle and shares proximal travel (gluteus and thigh) with the peroneal nerve (L4-S2) to turn into the sciatic nerve. When reaching the popliteal region, the sciatic clearly gives rise to 2 branches: the tibial nerve and the common peroneal nerve (or fibular). The tibial nerve supplies innervation to the gastrocnemius-soleus muscles and runs as a single branch through the deep compartment of the posterior leg to the medial malleolus (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>), then dividing into plantar fascicles.<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia>If the terminology “tibial nerve” is so clear, why is the word “posterior” often present in publications of urology and other specialties? Relevant discrepancies regarding the nomenclature of this nerve can explain this. For much of the last century, the division of the sciatic nerve in the popliteal fossa was called internal (for the tibial) and external (for the peroneal) popliteal nerve (Testut, Sobotta-classical editions). This nomenclature is currently considered obsolete, although it was a first step to grant the tibial nerve the category of main sciatic branch, of exclusively posterior disposition, without any type of anterior branch. The main source of confusion comes from ancient treatises of anatomy (Rouviere-Delmas) that considered the existence of 2 tibial nerves, one posterior (properly referred to as such) and an anterior, which refers to what is now known as deep peroneal nerve (therefore, branch of the common peroneal nerve and not of the tibial). This (already subjugated) imprecise nomenclature did not correctly differentiate the tibial and peroneal nerves. However, we can still find it in current works and some nomenclatures preserve it (Feneis).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">2</a>The anterior and posterior location of many of the anatomical elements of the leg can be confounding. It seems logical to – mistakenly – believe that the tibial nerve must present an analogous distribution when the peroneal nerve gives off a superficial branch (runs anterior) and a deep one (posterior); or the popliteal artery divides into an anterior tibial artery and a posterior artery; or the fact that there are anterior and posterior tibial muscles. Moreover, when we say that the posterior tibial muscle is innervated by a branch of the tibial nerve, the conceptual bewilderment is justified. It may be concluded that, while “posterior tibial nerve” is not a grievous mistake, it would be enough to refer to it as “tibial nerve”." "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "Please cite this article as: Sánchez-Martín FM, Lorente Gascón MÁ. Comentario relativo a la anatomía del nervio tibial. Actas Urol Esp. 2019;43:452–453." ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 815 "Ancho" => 1330 "Tamanyo" => 153995 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Internal malleolus dissection (A): posterior tibial (1) and flexor digitorum longus (2) tendons, posterior tibial vessels (3), tibial nerve (4) and puncture level (arrow), flexor hallucis longus tendon (5) and Achilles tendon (B)." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Comment to: «Transcutaneous stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve for treating refractory urge incontinence of idiopathic and neurogenic origin»" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "A. Alcántara Montero" 1 => "C. Müller-Arteaga" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.acuro.2018.06.003" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Actas Urol Esp" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "43" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "3" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30025616" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Transcutaneous stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve for treating refractory urge incontinence of idiopathic and neurogenic origin" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "C. Valles-Antuña" 1 => "M.L. Pérez-Haro" 2 => "L.C. González-Ruiz de" 3 => "A. Quintás-Blanco" 4 => "E.M. Tamargo-Diaz" 5 => "J. García-Rodríguez" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.acuro.2017.01.009" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Actas Urol Esp" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "41" "paginaInicial" => "465" "paginaFinal" => "470" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28325529" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Management of idiopathic overactive bladder syndrome: what is the optimal strategy after failure of conservative treatment?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "T. Marcelissen" 1 => "J.N. Cornu" 2 => "T. Antunes-Lopes" 3 => "B. Geavlete" 4 => "N.B. Delongchamps" 5 => "T. Rashid" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.euf.2018.05.004" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Urol Focus" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "760" "paginaFinal" => "767" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29807823" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Available from: <a target="_blank" href="http://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/14.2.07.058%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">http://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/14.2.07.058%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm</a> [accessed 4.02.19]." ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/21735786/0000004300000008/v1_201910021051/S2173578619300903/v1_201910021051/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "6296" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letter to the editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735786/0000004300000008/v1_201910021051/S2173578619300903/v1_201910021051/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173578619300903?idApp=UINPBA00004N"]

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Actas Urológicas Españolas is an international journal dedicated to urological diseases and renal transplant. It has been the official publication of the Spanish Urology Association since 1974 and of the American Urology Confederation since 2008. Its articles cover all aspects related to urology. Actas Urológicas Españolas, governed by the peer review system (double blinded), is published online in Spanish and English. Consequently, manuscripts may be sent in Spanish or English and bidirectional free cost translation will be provided. It has high visibility and accessibility and is found in the most important data bases, Medline/Pubmed, Emabase, JCR, Ïndice Médico Español, Índice bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS), Cuiden, Dialnet, Hinari, Scopus, Google Scholar.

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Vol. 43. Issue 8.

Pages 452-453 (October 2019)

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